著者

尾身 頌吾 カストロ ホワン ホセ

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.86, no.786, pp.2083-2092, 2021

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<p> This research aims to clarify the transition from the Ryukyu's Kingdom to the post-war period of the traditional wooden houses, based on the information of 122 traditional houses. Among them, eight are considered important cultural properties (ICP), and the other 114 are classified as ordinary houses. The parameters considered in this study were period of construction, location, wood materials, construction systems, structural elements joints, type of walls, floor layout, and roof characteristics. </p><p> The study considers four construction periods 1) up to 1879 when the Kingdom of the Ryukyus become Okinawa Prefecture, 2) from 1879 up to 1911 when the Japanese government enforced the National Forest Law in Okinawa, and 3) from 1911 up to 1945 when World War II (WWII) ended and 4) from 1945 to 1972 when Okinawa was restored to Japan from the United States Army. </p><p> Location considers three zones, 1) the Northern part of the main island, 2) the Central and Southern part of the main island, and 3) Remote islands. The structural elements are divided into five categories, 1) Flooring, 2) Columns, 3) Horizontal elements, 4) Roof and 5) Walls.</p><p> The results showed no changes in the room layout (front and backside) of the houses, including the Amahaji corridor located in the house's outer part. No changes are observed in the structural elements joints regardless of the construction period. On the other hand, after WWII, some traditional living rooms were skipped from the house's plan, probably because of the social changes produced by the reconstruction process after the war and the American building regulations. </p><p> The results showed that after 1879 there was a steady increment of wood materials such as Sugi, coming from the mainland, especially in the central-southern part of the main island. </p><p> There are some differences in the wood materials used for those houses classified as ICP and ordinary houses. For ICP houses, Inumaki and Mokkoku, which are considered high-class wood types in Okinawa, were used for structural elements and floors. Itaji and Sugi were for the thin plate used in the walls. On the other hand, for ordinary houses, Sugi was the most popular structural wood material, except for those elements with decorative functions, where Inumaki was used because of its high-quality appearance. </p>