3 0 0 0 OA バイオメジャーの特許権が北米中西部における農業者の種子利用に与える影響に関する経済的分析
- 著者
- 岡田 ちから
- 出版者
- 地域農林経済学会
- 雑誌
- 農林業問題研究 (ISSN:03888525)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.53, no.3, pp.156-163, 2017-09-25 (Released:2017-09-30)
- 参考文献数
- 9
The paper discusses how genetically-modified (GM) seeds containing patents affect benefits for bio-majors (large seed corporations) and farmers based on interviews with actors in the GM seed supply system. The first analysis indicated the importance of the patents system for bio-majors to recover investments when farmers replant bio-majors’ seeds. The second analysis, based on a field study, revealed that seed suppliers in the GM seed system can enhance the benefits for bio-majors and of farmers who purchase GM seeds in the market. In conclusion, the role of seed dealers is indispensable in achieving the optimum resource allocation, to maintain the beneficial patent system for bio-majors and farmers.
1 0 0 0 OA 植物品種開発技術の動向に関する研究
- 著者
- 岡田 ちから
- 出版者
- 地域農林経済学会
- 雑誌
- 農林業問題研究 (ISSN:03888525)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.54, no.3, pp.103-110, 2018-09-25 (Released:2018-09-29)
- 参考文献数
- 15
This study examines the technical details and trends of plant breeding technologies by analyzing patent applications. The study uses text mining for patent application date of Monsanto and Syngenta from 2000 to 2017 for the following results. First, there has been rapid improvement in genome editing technologies, which enable the generation of new traits from endogenous genes. Especially, the two companies focus on R&D in genome control and regulation, which are necessary techniques in using genome editing technologies. Second, there has been a rapid increase in plant varieties with environmental tolerances to drought, cold, and nitrogen to counter the effects of climate change.
- 著者
- 岡田 ちから
- 出版者
- 地域農林経済学会
- 雑誌
- 農林業問題研究 (ISSN:03888525)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.53, no.3, pp.156-163, 2017
<p>The paper discusses how genetically-modified (GM) seeds containing patents affect benefits for bio-majors (large seed corporations) and farmers based on interviews with actors in the GM seed supply system. The first analysis indicated the importance of the patents system for bio-majors to recover investments when farmers replant bio-majors' seeds. The second analysis, based on a field study, revealed that seed suppliers in the GM seed system can enhance the benefits for bio-majors and of farmers who purchase GM seeds in the market. In conclusion, the role of seed dealers is indispensable in achieving the optimum resource allocation, to maintain the beneficial patent system for bio-majors and farmers.</p>