著者

岡部 桂史

出版者

経営史学会

雑誌

経営史学 (ISSN:03869113)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.39, no.3, pp.30-57, 2004-12-24 (Released:2009-11-06)

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Studies on entrepreneurs in the machine/metal processing industry have emphasized their technical contributions-as technicians and inventors-to business development, and most of these studies have focused on entrepreneurs in urban industries. We investigated Genzo Matsuyama, the founder of a small agricultural implements factory in Nagano Prefecture in 1902, which was an impetus for growth of the local economy.The factors that contributed to the establishment of Genzo's factory were his passion for agricultural reform, financial backing from Shintaro Tanaka, and the assistance of local iron factories. After Genzo overcame his start-up troubles, which lasted from 1902 to 1906, and with Shintaro's aid, sales channels of plows began to significantly expand in 1907, resulting in a much more stable business.The main sales channels expanded as a result of the diligent effort made by Genzo and peoples who worked to improve farming techniques and also due to the support of certain influential traditional retailers. The money required to expand operations was raised from local asset holders and banks. Local suppliers initially provided the parts that were used in production. In order to ensure quality and increase production, in-house manufacturing of parts was started along with the procurement of parts from suppliers in Tokyo. For the minimization of labor costs, a production control system that utilized surplus labor during the lean months was developed. This system took advantage of the seasonal demand for plows and the setting of factory in the rural district.Genzo successfully expanded sales channels, fund raising, and production facilities. The most remarkable point is that local entrepreneurs such as Genzo played an important role in coordinating various business resources embedded in the local economy.

著者

岡部 桂史

出版者

経営史学会

雑誌

経営史学 (ISSN:03869113)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.38, no.1, pp.24-49, 2003-06-25 (Released:2009-11-06)

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The purpose of this paper is to clarify the development process of the Japanese agricultural machine industry during the interwar period. The historical significance of the agricultural machine industry has been mainly studied in the fields of agricultural and industrial technology. This paper is the first attempt to evaluate it form the viewpoint of the industrial and business history.Unlike the American agricultural machine, which had developed from reapers or the tractors, the growth of the Japanese agricultural machines before World War II was led by the development of threshers and hulling machines. We can confirm the progress of agricultural mechanization by small machines. One characteristic of Japanese agriculture is the large number of petty farmers whose diversified small tenable lots made agricultural mechanization by large-sized machines impossible. Big firms like International Harvester in the United States manufactured both engines and machines, but in Japan, each factory specialized in the production of engines or machines (threshers and hulling machines). In this paper, therefore, the petrol engines and agricultural machines are examined separately.The increase in the production of petrol engines was led by both big factories such as Kubota Ironwork, and small- and medium-sized factories (e.g., the network of small factories in Okayama city). In the case of agricultural machines, they established their own production embedded in agricultural implements in the 1920s. Lastly, the distribution system, evolved from dependence on indigenous implements and hardware distribution in the 1920s to a new system supported by dealers specializing in engines and agricultural machines in the 1930s.

著者

岡部 桂史

出版者

立教大学

雑誌

挑戦的萌芽研究

巻号頁・発行日

2014-04-01

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20世紀におけるアジア地域の発展をミクロレベルで解明・把握するため,本研究では,両大戦間期から戦時期までのオランダ領東インドにおける日本企業の進出・定着過程を一次資料から検討する。本研究は,従来の統計資料や外交資料に基づく検討ではなく,海外に所蔵されている戦前期日本企業アーカイブの資料を利用して,具体的な企業・産業レベルの分析から,その変化を辿った。特に「環太平洋」という視点から,オランダ領東インドを取り巻く欧州―日本―中国―豪州―米国が,産業・貿易の各側面で相互にどのような関係(支配・従属・依存・補完)を構築していたのか,複眼的な視点から研究をまとめた。