著者

柿原 加代子 草野 純子 市川 恭子

出版者

日本国際情報学会

雑誌

国際情報研究 (ISSN:18842178)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, no.1, pp.36-43, 2015-12-25 (Released:2015-12-30)

参考文献数

11

---

Abstract: This study aims at disclosing different stages of the psychological process which lung cancer patients pass through after they are notified of their cancer, in order to see if these stages are connected with the stages of the disease. From patients' own words and behaviors, recorded by themselves in their treatment reports, those which may reveal their psychological stages after notification are extracted and dissected in terms of the division of 'psychological states' defined as Phase I, II and III on the Massie & Holland model. As a result, three points come to light. Firstly, the disease stages, presence or absence of treatments or metastasis, affect psychological states. In the second place, “shock” and “denial” in Phase I and “distress”, “anxiety” and “fear” in Phase II last longer in patients on Stage IV than in those on Stage II. And lastly, immedately after the notification “efforts for adaptation” of Phase III appear more remarkably in patients on Stage II than in those on Stage IV.

著者

市川 恭子

出版者

お茶の水女子大学生活社会科学研究会

雑誌

生活社会科学研究 (ISSN:13410385)

巻号頁・発行日

no.22, pp.31-46, 2015-11

---

本稿では,若年大卒女性の早期離職に就業上の学歴ミスマッチが影響し\ているのではないかとの問題意識のもと,Research into Employment and\Professional Flexibility(REFLEX)調査の個票データを用いて 比例ハザー\ドモデルによる実証分析を行った.学歴ミスマッチは,個人が達成した学歴\(S)と従事する仕事にふさわしい学歴(R) を比較して,S=R であればexact\match,S>R であればovereducation,S<R であればundereducation と定義\される.2000 年度に大学・大学院を卒業し,正社員として就職した初職の在\職期間を被説明変数とし,説明変数にovereducation/undereducation 等学歴\ミスマッチ変数,有効求人倍率(時間依存変数)等を入れて推計したところ,\以下のことが分かった.① overeducation は離職ハザードを引き上げる,②\overeducation の離職ハザード引上げ効果に男女差はない,③大卒女性につい\ては卒業前の就職活動期間が長い(短い)と離職ハザードを引き下げる(上げ\る).ただし,②は大卒男性もovereducation で離職が促進されるが,男性は\overeducation であっても大学の専攻関連の仕事に就くことが多く,その場合\離職は抑制され,結果として男性の離職率の方が女性より低い.③は長い就職\活動を経て就職した大卒女性の離職確率が低いことは一見好ましいようにも\思えるが,そうした若年大卒女性の職場環境は収入も低く,満足度も低い.\ これらのことから,若年大卒女性の早期離職については,正社員であったと\しても大卒レベルの仕事に就けずovereducation であると離職する.また,若\年期には離職確率を抑制しているが長い就職活動を経て就職した若年大卒女\性は厳しい職場環境により中長期的な離職予備軍となる可能性,短期間の就職\活動で就職したものの離職した場合,その後成功している訳でもないため,若\年大卒女性の適切な配置・処遇及びマッチング機能の強化が必要である. This paper analyzes the question whether educational qualification mismatch between attained\and required for the job causes on early job turnover of young females with university degree or not.\Employing person unit data of" Research into Employment and Professional Flexibility( REFLEX)",\we utilize Cox's proportional hazard model. The educational qualification mismatch is defined as\follows:" exact match" if attained educational qualification(S) = required educational qualification for\the job( R)," overeducation" if S > R," undereducation" if S < R. We employe the job tenure of the\first permanent job after university graduation as a dependent variable and educational qualification\mismatch variables including overeducation/undereducation , jobs to applicants ratios as independent\variables. We find that overeducation increases job turnover hazards. This effect causes both for\males and females, then there is no gender gap. In case of male's overeducation, however, they tend to\find jobs which relate to their university's major. Turnover is braked in such cases, male's turnover\hazard is lower than female's one as a result. We also find that female's longer job search terms\before university graduation decreases job turnover hazards. It might be preferable at first glance,\however, wages and job satisfaction of young female university graduates with longer job search terms\are low. These findings conclude that overeducation causes the early job turnover of young females\with university degree. Young females who experienced longer job search terms could turnover in the\future due to low wages and job satisfaction. It is necessary to encourage appropriate personal division\of females and enhance job matching mechanism.