著者

平塚 卓也

出版者

一般社団法人 日本体育・スポーツ・健康学会

雑誌

体育学研究 (ISSN:04846710)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.68, pp.33-49, 2023 (Released:2023-02-02)

参考文献数

74

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This study examined the 1955 setback to the plan aimed at establishing the Sport Bureau of the Ministry of Health and Welfare (MHW) as part of the policymaking process related to establishing the Physical Education Bureau of the Ministry of Education, Science and Culture (MESC) in 1958. By focusing on related interests, institutions, and ideas, the following points emerged. From the viewpoint of mutual interests, the various parties involved in physical education and sports were united about the need to establish an administrative organization. However, when the plan for MHW Sports Bureau emerged, a conflict of interest between the MESC and the MHW arose. Furthermore, the Japan Sports Association carefully observed trends in the MESC and MHW and acted to maximize its own interests. With regard to the institutions involved, during this period the government was basically not in a position to establish new administrative organizations because of the restrictions imposed by simplification of the administrative structure. In exceptional cases, political and public support was essential for the establishment of new administrative organizations. On the other hand, the partial revision of the Ministry of Education, Science and Culture establishment act in 1952 changed the organizational principle of the MESC internal bureaus, thereby eliminating one of the restrictions that prevented the establishment of the Physical Education Bureau. This was an important change in the reestablishment of the Bureau in 1958. From the viewpoint of ideas, the Minister Matsumura of the MESC was cautious about administrative intervention, whereas Minister Kawasaki of the MHW was proactive. However, the concept of the government actively intervening in public health and sanitation in postwar Japan was unfamiliar and provoked opposition. In addition, the Health and Physical Education Council proposed the concept of a Physical Education Bureau of the MESC, and ideas subsequently accumulated. On the other hand, there was no accumulation of ideas for the Sports Bureau of the MHL. Therefore, Kawasaki's statement was regarded as “just an idea”. Moreover, the opposition of the MESC to this plan meant that it created a “dualization” problem and was not supported by the public.