著者

張本 文昭

出版者

日本野外教育学会

雑誌

野外教育研究 (ISSN:13439634)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.23, no.1, pp.19-36, 2019 (Released:2020-02-07)

参考文献数

78

被引用文献数

2

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the functions of the adventure education as initiation by comparing processes and structures of the adventure education and initiation rites. The results of the comparison showed that, while there were some partial differences, the following points were found as their similar aspects :1) Intentions to participate are voluntary, 2) The both are held in special places such as mountains and wilderness, which are away from their everyday lives, 3) Participants form some small new groups and have a feeling of comraderies, 4) Participants are assigned to have tasks which are mentally/physically difficult and challenging, 5)Participants suffer strong mental and physical stress, and it temporarily cause a non-adaptive state, 6) Participants overcome the maladaptation state and challenges,7) Leaders are the ones who mentally support the participants by encouraging them,8) Participants review their own experiences and realize that the experiences have had some meanings to them, and 9) There are series of experiences in which the participants leave their normal living environment, overcome difficult experiences, and then return to their normal lives with their own meaningfulness of the experiences. Therefore, the adventure education functions as an initiation that promotes individual transformation and growth.

著者

張本 文昭

出版者

日本森林学会

雑誌

日本森林学会大会発表データベース

巻号頁・発行日

vol.130, 2019

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<p>安田(あだ)集落は沖縄島の北端、国頭村の太平洋岸に位置する。琉球時代には各地の城や社寺、架橋や造船などのために材木需要が高まり、人々は林業を生業とした。材木は船で沖縄島南部に運び首里城に納められた。また国の重要無形民俗文化財に指定されているシヌグという祭祀では、無病息災や五穀豊穣、豊漁などが400年近く祈願されている。大シヌグ(うふしぬぐ)に執り行われる山ヌブイは、男のみが山に入り、山にある植物を身にまとい草装神となって集落に降り、豊年や女性、高齢者、子ども達の無病息災を祈願する。シヌグ小(しぬぐんくゎー)には臼太鼓(うしんでーく)が女性によって執り行われるが、極めて古典的な唄と舞踊で構成されている。わずか12名が在籍する集落の小学校では、総合的な学習の時間や生活科などの教科として、先述したシヌグに関する講話や祭祀への参加、また現在復元されている首里城の今後の改修のための植林事業を実施している。その他にもヤンバルクイナ保護活動、また稲作や漁業など、集落の環境について、人、文化と歴史、自然の総合的な観点から教育活動が長く展開されている。校長は、森を取り巻く環境そのものが生きた教材だと話す。</p>

著者

張本 文昭

出版者

日本野外教育学会

雑誌

野外教育研究 (ISSN:13439634)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2020_0003, (Released:2019-10-21)

参考文献数

78

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the functions of the adventure education as initiation by comparing processes and structures of the adventure education and initiation rites. The results of the comparison showed that, while there were some partial differences, the following points were found as their similar aspects :1) Intentions to participate are voluntary, 2) The both are held in special places such as mountains and wilderness, which are away from their everyday lives, 3) Participants form some small new groups and have a feeling of comraderies, 4) Participants are assigned to have tasks which are mentally/physically difficult and challenging, 5)Participants suffer strong mental and physical stress, and it temporarily cause a non-adaptive state, 6) Participants overcome the maladaptation state and challenges,7) Leaders are the ones who mentally support the participants by encouraging them,8) Participants review their own experiences and realize that the experiences have had some meanings to them, and 9) There are series of experiences in which the participants leave their normal living environment, overcome difficult experiences, and then return to their normal lives with their own meaningfulness of the experiences. Therefore, the adventure education functions as an initiation that promotes individual transformation and growth.