著者

吉村 孝一 荒 勝俊 林 克己 川瀬 次朗 辻 和郎

出版者

日本陸水学会

雑誌

陸水学雑誌 (ISSN:00215104)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, no.3, pp.204-212, 1984-07-30 (Released:2010-11-22)

参考文献数

19

被引用文献数

7 13

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River Die-Away tests of linear alkylbenzene sulfonates (LAS) and soap were carried out. At 10 mg El-1 of surfactant in river water, dissolved organic carbon (DOC) due to soap decreased slightly faster than that due to LAS, while no significant difference was observed in the change of particulate organic carbon (POC) of either surfactant. As the result of River Die-Away test of soap at 30 mg El-1, POC level increased in the course of biodegradation of soap (till about day 15 of test period). The increase of POC level was inferred to be due to bacterial floc partially containing unsoluble soap (fatty acid salts). Fatty acids in the course of biodegradation of soap were analyzed by a pre-labelling HPLC method. The extent of biodegradation of fatty acids decreased in the following order : C12>C10≅C8>C14≅C18 : 2>C18 : 1>C16>C18 LAS was degraded according to Swisher's “Distance Principle” that the longer the alkyl carbon chain length, and the longer the distance between the far end of alkyl chain and the phenyl group, the faster the biodegradability becomes. Optimum temperature for LAS biodegradation was about 25°C. Although soap was degraded at both 10 and 40°C, LAS was not degraded at those temperatures. However, after incubation of river water containing LAS at 20°C, LAS was degraded even at 10°C.

著者

関矢 静男 辻 和郎 山中 実

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

油化学 (ISSN:18842003)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.7, pp.497-500, 1979-07-20 (Released:2009-11-10)

参考文献数

6

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A rapid method is described for the separation and determination of nonionic substances in detergents by use of a centrifugal chromatograph. The sample was placed on the center of a circular alumina disk and eluted with 300 ml of a mixed solvent, ethyl acetate/methanol (1 : 1, vol/vol), rotating the disk at 400 rpm. By this method nonionic substances such as alkyl poly (oxyethylene) ether and N, N-bis (2-hydroxyethyl) alkanamide in commercial detergents and shampoos were separated quantitatively within 10 min without the interference from coexisting anionic surfactants. The analytical results agreed with those obtained by the column chromatography on alumina.