著者

杉江 謙一 阿久津 守

出版者

日本法科学技術学会

雑誌

日本法科学技術学会誌 (ISSN:18801323)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.25, no.1, pp.115-121, 2020 (Released:2020-01-31)

参考文献数

13

被引用文献数

2

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The cultivar cannabis (Cannabis sativa L.) ‘Tochigi-shiro’ has been developed by the Tochigi Prefectural Institute of Public Health and Environmental Science and Tochigi Prefectural Agricultural Experiment Station. It is considered nontoxic and a fiber-type cannabis because of its low concentration of the hallucinogen Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). Recently, concentrated forms of cannabis, such as butane hash oil (BHO), have spread globally, and seizures of BHO have increased in Japan. We expect that the use of BHO prepared from Tochigi-shiro may be detrimental to health. However, the concentrations of cannabinoids in Tochigi-shiro have not previously been reported. In this study, the concentrations of THC, cannabidiol (CBD), cannabinol, and tetrahydrocannabivarin in Tochigi-shiro cultivated in Tochigi Prefecture were measured. Further, BHO was produced from the leaves of Tochigi-shiro using commercially available extraction devices to determine the extraction efficiency of THC and CBD. THC was detected in Tochigi-shiro, and concentrations of each cannabinoid differed between plants grown at three sites in Tochigi Prefecture. However, the concentration ratio of CBD to THC was almost the same in plants from all three sites. In BHO, the concentrations of THC and CBD were 6.59% w/w and 35.0% w/w, respectively. This indicates that the concentrations of THC and CBD were approximately 55- and 35-fold greater, respectively, in BHO than in the leaves of plants before butane gas extraction. We confirmed that the concentration of THC in plants was low, whereas the concentration in BHO was high. In the BHO manufactured from Tochigi-shiro, the CBD concentration was five times higher than that of THC. Moreover, CBD can antagonize the psychotomimetic symptoms caused by THC. Therefore, even if BHO produced from this plant was used, the effect of THC would hardly be obtained. Currently, interest in cannabis is increasing worldwide. The traditional industry producing cannabis as a source of fiber may be affected by the theft of Tochigi-shiro. The results of the present study are relevant to prefectural and city governments and cultivators, and suggest the need for additional protection of cultivated fields against theft.

著者

杉江 謙一 阿久津 守

出版者

日本法科学技術学会

雑誌

日本法科学技術学会誌 (ISSN:18801323)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.763, (Released:2019-08-23)

参考文献数

13

被引用文献数

2

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The cultivar cannabis (Cannabis sativa L.) ‘Tochigi-shiro’ has been developed by the Tochigi Prefectural Institute of Public Health and Environmental Science and Tochigi Prefectural Agricultural Experiment Station. It is considered nontoxic and a fiber-type cannabis because of its low concentration of the hallucinogen Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). Recently, concentrated forms of cannabis, such as butane hash oil (BHO), have spread globally, and seizures of BHO have increased in Japan. We expect that the use of BHO prepared from Tochigi-shiro may be detrimental to health. However, the concentrations of cannabinoids in Tochigi-shiro have not previously been reported. In this study, the concentrations of THC, cannabidiol (CBD), cannabinol, and tetrahydrocannabivarin in Tochigi-shiro cultivated in Tochigi Prefecture were measured. Further, BHO was produced from the leaves of Tochigi-shiro using commercially available extraction devices to determine the extraction efficiency of THC and CBD. THC was detected in Tochigi-shiro, and concentrations of each cannabinoid differed between plants grown at three sites in Tochigi Prefecture. However, the concentration ratio of CBD to THC was almost the same in plants from all three sites. In BHO, the concentrations of THC and CBD were 6.59% w/w and 35.0% w/w, respectively. This indicates that the concentrations of THC and CBD were approximately 55- and 35-fold greater, respectively, in BHO than in the leaves of plants before butane gas extraction. We confirmed that the concentration of THC in plants was low, whereas the concentration in BHO was high. In the BHO manufactured from Tochigi-shiro, the CBD concentration was five times higher than that of THC. Moreover, CBD can antagonize the psychotomimetic symptoms caused by THC. Therefore, even if BHO produced from this plant was used, the effect of THC would hardly be obtained. Currently, interest in cannabis is increasing worldwide. The traditional industry producing cannabis as a source of fiber may be affected by the theft of Tochigi-shiro. The results of the present study are relevant to prefectural and city governments and cultivators, and suggest the need for additional protection of cultivated fields against theft.

著者

阿久津 守

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.139, no.5, pp.693-697, 2019-05-01 (Released:2019-05-01)

参考文献数

11

被引用文献数

2 3

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The number of persons arrested in Japan for drug-related offenses in 2016 increased from the previous year. Especially, cannabis offenses have increased since 2014, with more than 2000 persons arrested in 2015. As a feature of the year 2017, we analyzed many cannabis concentrates, called “Cannabis wax”, in the process of analyzing cannabis in the Narcotics Control Department. “Cannabis wax” refers to concentrates of the hallucinogenic component of cannabis, tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). Increasingly, cannabis wax containing 50 times higher THC than general dry cannabis has been confiscated. More than 2300 compounds are currently regulated as new psychoactive substances in Japan. In a recent trend, there is an increasing number of cases in which a wide range of regulated substances have been seized and confiscated, ranging from those that have been abused for a long time, to those that are newly regulated. Many structural isomers are present among these, and we are constantly developing techniques for the rapid and accurate analysis of these compounds.

著者

阿久津 守 杉江 謙一 斉藤 貢一

出版者

日本法科学技術学会

雑誌

日本法科学技術学会誌 (ISSN:18801323)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, no.1, pp.75-85, 2016 (Released:2016-01-23)

参考文献数

19

被引用文献数

2 4

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In order to prove synthetic cannabinoid abuse, it is necessary to detect intact synthetic cannabinoids or their metabolites from such biological samples as urine or blood. Generally, blood is used as the biological sample because it is usually difficult to detect intact synthetic cannabinoids in urine. Furthermore, a rapid and accurate method for the detection of synthetic cannabinoids in the biological sample is required. Therefore, we examined the applicability of solid-phase dispersive extraction (SPDE)-GC/MS in the rapid detection of intact synthetic cannabinoids in blood. We chose seven synthetic cannabinoids designated as narcotics. To determine the optimum operating conditions for SPDE, we selected Oasis® HLB as the solid-phase material for pre-treatment and filled it with 10 mg into the equipment, and acetone as the eluent. The pre-treatment resulted in 80-100% recovery. Furthermore, the pre-treatment time was significantly reduced in SPDE compared to solid-phase extraction (SPE). In addition, the pre-treatment protected operators from unnecessary exposure, reduced cross-contamination of chemicals, and decreased operation complexity. The limit of detection (S/N>3) of JWH-018, JWH-122, cannabicyclohexanol (CCH), XLR-11, and AM2201 was 2.5 ng/mL, and that of JWH-073 and MAM-2201 was 5 ng/mL. The limit of quantification (S/N>10) of JWH-018, JWH-122, CCH, XLR-11, and AM2201 was 5 ng/mL, and that of JWH-073 and MAM-2201 was 10 ng/mL. The average recoveries of the seven synthetic cannabinoids from pooled serum samples spiked at 25 and 450 ng/mL were 76.9-107.4% (SD: 6.4-10.7%) and 63.1-89.6% (SD: 3.9-8.2%), respectively. (SPDE)-GC/MS was proven to be a useful method for detecting intact synthetic cannabinoids in blood.