- 著者
- Kazuo Sonoki Masanori Iwase Yutaka Takata Tetsuji Nakamoto Chihiro Masaki Ryuji Hosokawa Shigeki Murakami Kaoru Chiwata Hiromasa Inoue
- 出版者
- The Japan Endocrine Society
- 雑誌
- Endocrine Journal (ISSN:09188959)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.60, no.3, pp.311-319, 2013 (Released:2013-03-31)
- 参考文献数
- 26
- 被引用文献数
- 23 24
Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) is secreted from the small intestine to the blood in response to glucose intake during a meal; however, it is not known whether mastication affects GLP-1 secretion. Here, we examined the relationship between mastication and GLP-1 secretion, along with postprandial blood glucose and insulin concentrations. We compared the levels of blood glucose, serum insulin, and plasma active GLP-1 concentrations after young healthy volunteers ate a test meal either by usual eating (control) or in one of three specified ways: 1. unilateral chewing, 2. quick eating, 3. 30-times chewing per bite. Ten volunteers participated in each of the three groups. Plasma active GLP-1 concentrations did not change by unilateral chewing or quick eating, but did increase by the third method, without affecting the concentrations of blood glucose or serum insulin. Next, we tested whether 30-times chewing per bite increased plasma active GLP-1 concentrations in 15 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, but there was no difference in results between usual eating and 30-times chewing per bite. This is a pilot trial with a small number of subjects, but is the first study to investigate the relationships between various styles of mastication and the GLP-1 secretion in young healthy volunteers and type 2 diabetic patients.
- 著者
- Kenji Kawatoko Yasuyoshi Washio Tomoyuki Ohara Satoru Fukuyama Takanori Honda Jun Hata Taro Nakazawa Keiko Kan-o Hiromasa Inoue Koichiro Matsumoto Tomohiro Nakao Takanari Kitazono Isamu Okamoto Toshiharu Ninomiya
- 出版者
- Japan Epidemiological Association
- 雑誌
- Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- pp.JE20230207, (Released:2023-12-02)
- 参考文献数
- 48
Background: Studies on the association between preserved ratio impaired spirometry (PRISm) and dementia are limited. Indeed, PRISm has often been overlooked or ignored as an index of lung function impairment. Therefore, we investigated the association of PRISm with the risk for the development of dementia in an older Japanese population.Methods: A total of 1202 community-dwelling, older Japanese participants aged ≥65 years without dementia were followed up for a median of 5.0 years. Participants were categorized by spirometry as follows: normal spirometry (FEV1/FVC ≥0.70 and FEV1 ≥80% predicted), PRISm (≥0.70 and <80%), airflow limitation (AFL) Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) 1 (<0.70 and ≥80%), and AFL GOLD 2 to 4 (<0.70 and <80%). Hazard ratios (HRs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were computed using a Cox proportional hazards model.Results: During the follow-up period, 122 participants developed dementia. The age- and sex-adjusted incidences of dementia in the participants with normal spirometry, PRISm, AFL GOLD 1, and AFL GOLD 2 to 4 were 20.5, 37.0, 18.4, and 28.6 per 1000 person-years, respectively. Participants with PRISm had a higher risk of dementia (HR 2.04 [95%CI, 1.19-3.49]) than those with normal spirometry after adjusting for confounders. Moreover, both reduced FEV1% predicted values and FVC% predicted values were associated with the risk for dementia.Conclusion: PRISm was associated with an increased risk of dementia in a general older Japanese population.