著者

Rei Haruyama Hiromi Obara Noriko Fujita

出版者

National Center for Global Health and Medicine

雑誌

Global Health & Medicine (ISSN:24349186)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2020.01070, (Released:2020-09-30)

参考文献数

20

被引用文献数

3

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Following the global call to action by the World Health Organization (WHO), the world is currently moving to eliminate cervical cancer as a public health problem. To eliminate the cancer within this century, which is defined as an age-adjusted cervical cancer incidence rate (ASIR) below 4 per 100,000 women, WHO recommends all countries to achieve "90-70-90" targets for human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccination, cervical cancer screening, and treatment of precancer and cancer by 2030. In Japan, ASIR has been rising since the late 1990s to 11.1 per 100,000 women, and this rise is particularly prominent in women of reproductive age. HPV vaccination coverage is as low as 0.3%, largely due to the Government’s ongoing suspension of proactive recommendations for the vaccine. Given the absence of centralized, population-based cervical cancer screening program and a nationwide surveillance system for systematic monitoring, the exact screening participation rate and treatment rate are difficult to estimate. A national survey suggested that only around 40% of women between the ages of 20 and 69 years underwent cervical cancer screening within the last two years. National policies and systems for HPV vaccination and screening should be updated in a more efficient way as new evidence and innovations become available. In the wake of powerful global momentum, actions must be taken now to further enhance cervical cancer control and ensure that Japanese girls and women are no longer left behind.

著者

Mami Wakabayashi Masahiko Hachiya Noriko Fujita Kenichi Komada Hiromi Obara Ikuma Nozaki Sumiyo Okawa Eiko Saito Yasushi Katsuma Hiroyasu Iso

出版者

National Center for Global Health and Medicine

雑誌

Global Health & Medicine (ISSN:24349186)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2023.01049, (Released:2023-11-05)

参考文献数

31

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This study aimed to examine the changes that took place between 2015–2019 and 2020 and reveal how the COVID-19 pandemic affected financial contributions from donors. We used the Creditor Reporting System database of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development to investigate donor disbursement. Focusing on the Group of Seven (G7) countries and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (BMGF), we analyzed their development assistance for health (DAH) in 2020 and the change in their disbursement between 2015 and 2020. As a result, total disbursements for all sectors increased by 14% for the G7 and the BMGF. In 2020, there was an increase in DAH for the BMGF and the G7 except for the United States. The total disbursement amount for the "COVID-19" category by G7 countries and the BMGF was approximately USD 3 billion in 2020, which was 3 times larger than for Malaria, 8.5 times larger for Tuberculosis, and 60% smaller for STDs including HIV/AIDS for the same year. In 2020 as well, the United States, the United Kingdom, Japan, Italy, and Canada saw their disbursements decline for more than half of 26 sectors. In conclusion, the impact of COVID-19 was observed in the changes in DAH disbursement for three major infectious diseases and other sectors. To consistently address the health needs of low- and middle-income countries, it is important to perform a follow-up analysis of their COVID-19 disbursements and the influence of other DAH areas.