著者

Hyungjun Park Yosuke Narasako Tomoko Abe Hisato Kunitake Tomonari Hirano

出版者

Japanese Society for Plant Biotechnology

雑誌

Plant Biotechnology (ISSN:13424580)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.39, no.3, pp.311-316, 2022-09-25 (Released:2022-09-25)

参考文献数

41

被引用文献数

1

---

Sweet potato is a major root crop with nutritious tuberous roots. The mechanism of tuberous root development has not yet been adequately elucidated. Genetic resources are required to develop the molecular understanding of sweet potato. Heavy-ion beams were applied to hexaploid sweet potato for an increase in genetic variation, after which the comprehensive effects of heavy-ion beam irradiation were investigated. In vitro cultured shoots with an axillary bud of ‘Beniharuka’ were irradiated with Ar-ions at a dose of 1–5 Gy and C-ions at a dose of 5–20 Gy, and three irradiated lines were separated from each irradiated shoot. The shoot regeneration was inhibited at high doses of each ion irradiation. Ar-ion irradiation had an especially high biological effect on shoot regeneration. A total of 335 lines were obtained, consisting of 104 and 231 lines derived from Ar- and C-ion irradiation, respectively. The change in the DNA content of the lines was analyzed by flow cytometry to evaluate the irradiation-induced damage to the DNA. The two lines demonstrated significant differences in the DNA content and changes at the chromosome level. The screening for the morphological mutants was conducted in the field. Some irradiated lines showed inhibited or no tuberous root phenotype as mutant candidates. Additionally, the high-yield mutant candidates were dominated by Ar-ion irradiation. It was indicated that heavy-ion beam mutagenesis is effective in broadening the range of the phenotypes corresponding to tuberous root formation in hexaploid sweet potato.

著者

Hyungjun Park Tomoko Abe Hisato Kunitake Tomonari Hirano

出版者

Japanese Society of Breeding

雑誌

Breeding Science (ISSN:13447610)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.2, pp.212-218, 2023 (Released:2023-06-06)

参考文献数

35

被引用文献数

1

---

Sweet potato is a widely cultivated crop with storage roots. Although many studies have been conducted on the mechanism of its storage root formation, the details have not been fully elucidated. We screened mutant lines with inhibition of storage root formation to clarify parts of the mechanism. In this study, the process of storage root formation in one of the mutant lines, C20-8-1, was investigated. The inhibition of storage root formation was observed during the early stages of growth. The roots in C20-8-1 did not show histological differences compared to those in wild type. The transition from fibrous roots to pencil roots, which are the developmental stages prior to mature storage root formation, was delayed or inhibited in C20-8-1. The upregulation of starch biosynthesis-related genes and downregulation of lignin biosynthesis genes with storage root swelling were not confirmed in the root of C20-8-1 during the developmental transition stage, suggesting that most of the roots in C20-8-1 are in the pre-transition state toward the storage root swelling. C20-8-1 showed a mutant phenotype during the critical period of storage root swelling initiation, and further clarification of this mutation is expected to provide new insights into storage root formation.

著者

Kentaro Shoji Masao Yamasaki Hisato Kunitake

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

Journal of Oleo Science (ISSN:13458957)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.69, no.2, pp.143-151, 2020 (Released:2020-02-05)

参考文献数

48

被引用文献数

3

---

Prevention of postprandial hypertriglyceridemia is an important consideration for reducing the risk of developing cardiovascular disease. While blueberry fruits have been reported to ameliorate lipid metabolism in humans, there are only few research reports on the effects of blueberry leaves (BL). Here, we investigated the efficacy of BL on postprandial hyperlipidemia in subjects with high fasting triacylglycerol (TG) concentrations. Randomized, double-blind, cross-over design study was conducted. The subjects consumed a BL containing beverage or a placebo beverage before a fat-enriched test meal. Blood samples were collected prior to and 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 hours after consuming the test beverage. The postprandial serum TG and remnant-like particle cholesterol (RLP-C) concentrations were significantly lower in the BL beverage compared with those in the placebo beverage. Additionally, BL was more effective in subjects with high fasting ghrelin with gastric emptying function. In current study, fasting ghrelin correlated with the increase in postprandial serum TG, suggesting that BL ameliorates hypertriglyceridemia through delayed gastric emptying. In conclusion, this pilot study suggests that BL may be useful as an early dietary therapy for treating postprandial hyperlipidemia.

著者

Kenjirou Ogawa Takara Karitani Wataru Otsu Kazuo Nishiyama Hisato Kunitake Yo Goto Shota Nomiyama Hideaki Hara Masao Yamasaki

出版者

The Pharmaceutical Society of Japan

雑誌

BPB Reports (ISSN:2434432X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.6, no.3, pp.87-97, 2023 (Released:2023-05-26)

参考文献数

29

---

Background: Blue light causes retinal photoreceptor damage via oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. A previous study showed that blueberry stem extract (BStEx) and its active components have cytoprotective effects against blue-light-induced photoreceptor cell damage by suppressing oxidative stress. This study demonstrated the inhibitory effect of BStEx against blue light-induced ER stress in photoreceptor cells. Methods: The photoreceptor cells treated with BStEx or the antioxidant N-Acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) as a positive control were used and then exposed to blue light. The cytoprotective effects of BStEx and NAC were evaluated using CCK-8. The ER stress-related protein expression changes over time, and its levels were measured after each exposure time to blue light in photoreceptor cells treated with BStEx or NAC. Results: BStEx and NAC showed protective effects against blue-light-induced photoreceptor morphological abnormalities and cell damage. Although blue light triggered ER stress factors such as BiP, PERK, ATF6, eIF2α, ATF4, and CHOP, which in turn stimulated cell cycle arrest factors p53 and p21 and upregulation of apoptosis-inducing factors caspase-3. However, BStEx suppressed the increase in expression of BiP, ATF4, ATF6, CHOP, p53, p21, and caspase-3, but not mitochondrial apoptotic factors Bax and cytochrome c. Furthermore, the antioxidant NAC showed similar suppressive effects on BStEx. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that blue light-induced ER stress is primarily caused by oxidative stress, and BStEx might suppress ER stress via an antioxidant effect. The antioxidant NAC contributes to the cell proliferative capacity and suppression of apoptosis in photoreceptor cells.

著者

Tomonari Hirano Yusuke Kazama Hisato Kunitake Tomoko Abe

出版者

Japan Mendel Society, International Society of Cytology

雑誌

CYTOLOGIA (ISSN:00114545)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.87, no.1, pp.3-6, 2022-03-25 (Released:2022-03-25)

参考文献数

37

被引用文献数

4

---

Heavy-ion beams have been used as an effective mutagen in plants. Various studies have extended our understanding of the mutagenic effects of heavy-ion beam irradiation on the plant genome. Heavy-ion beams can be characterized by the linear energy transfer (LET) value, and the LET-dependent mutagenic effects are observed in plant survival, mutation frequency, and mutation spectrum. When we integrate the results of the mutagenic effects obtained from experiments using different detection methods, we must consider a bias, depending on the experimental system. For example, the plant materials, developmental processes, and heredity of induced mutations must be considered. In this review, we organized the mutagenic effects from the perspective of irradiated plant materials and the heredity of the induced mutations.

著者

Tomonari Hirano Yuka Matsuyama Anna Hanada Yoriko Hayashi Tomoko Abe Hisato Kunitake

出版者

Japan Mendel Society, International Society of Cytology

雑誌

CYTOLOGIA (ISSN:00114545)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.86, no.4, pp.311-315, 2021-12-25 (Released:2021-12-24)

参考文献数

23

被引用文献数

2

---

Heavy-ion beams have been applied as effective mutagens to various plant materials. Pollen has been used as material for mutant induction and genetic analysis. However, our knowledge of the DNA damage response of plant male gametes remains limited. In the present study, we irradiated Cyrtanthus mackenii pollen with an argon ion beam, which induced complex DNA damage, and investigated the DNA damage response of male gametes during pollen tube growth. Male gametes derived from the irradiated pollen grains were isolated from pollen tubes after 12 and 24 h of culture and subjected to cell cycle analysis. After 12 h of culture, the irradiated generative cells were frequently arrested at metaphase during pollen mitosis II (PMII), and the proportion of metaphase cells increased with increasing absorbed dose. These results suggest that the genomic lesions induced by the argon ion beam caused spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC)-dependent arrest. After 24 h of culture, the irradiated male gametes completed PMII, albeit forming sperm cells with abnormalities in chromosome separation, and chromosomal bridges were often formed between these cells. Moreover, phosphorylated H2AX foci, an indicator of DNA double-strand breaks, were detected in the irradiated male gametes after 24 h of culture, regardless of passing through the SAC. Taken together, these results indicate that male gametes activate functions to cope with radiation-induced complex DNA damage during pollen tube growth.

著者

Kento Fujii Yuma Ota Kazuo Nishiyama Hisato Kunitake Yumi Yamasaki Hiroyuki Tari Kaori Araki Teruaki Arakawa Masao Yamasaki

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

Journal of Oleo Science (ISSN:13458957)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.68, no.5, pp.471-479, 2019 (Released:2019-05-01)

参考文献数

30

被引用文献数

7

---

Blueberry leaf is currently a popular dietary supplement. Effects of dietary blueberry leaf and its active components on body fat accumulation were examined. C57BL/6J mice were fed high-fat, high-sucrose diet with or without 3% blueberry leaf extract (BLEx) or 3% concentrated-polyphenolic BLEx (CP BLEx) for 8 weeks. Compared to mice fed a high-fat, high-sucrose diet without blueberry leaf, BLEx and CP BLEx significantly reduced body weight and adipose tissue weight gain. Adipocytes were also smaller and and liver lipid accumulatioin was significantly inhibited in mice fed either BLEx or CP BLEx. These effects tended to be more pronounced in mice fed CP BLEx compared to in mice fed BLEx. Together, results suggest that blueberry leaf inhibits body fat accumulation typically observed in mice fed a high-fat, high-sucrose diet, and that inhibition is attributable to polyphenolic components in leaf extracts.