著者

フフバートル Huhbator BORJIGIN

雑誌

學苑 = GAKUEN (ISSN:13480103)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.820, pp.59-72, 2009-02-01

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Putonghua is legally established as the name of the "national common language" in China at present. However, in Chinese speaking areas, discussions on the proper name of China's "national language" are endless. There are many names in use among ordinary Chinese; three of them are "Putonghua," "Guoyu" and "Huayu." "Putonguhua" is in use in the Chinese mainland, "Guoyu" had been used in Taiwan until recent years, and "Huayu" has been used in many areas and countries including Taiwan in recent years. In China it is generally believed that these names are not exclusive of each other but that they supplement each other and that these names will be used together on a long-term basis. However, due to the inconvenience of China's national language having multiple names, scholars in the Chinese speaking regions offer different theories and views supporting one of the other of the names, most often Huayu and Guoyu. Use of "Putonghua" as the common language is one of the important language policies in modern China and closely related to policies regarding languages of minority nationalities. However, discussions of the name "Putonghua," which are also related to China's national common language do not take into account the viewpoints of those who speak minority languages. The name "Hanyu" is often used as a substitute for "Putonghua" or a term for interpreting the origins of "Guoyu" or "Huayu." However, when viewed from the standpoint of minority languages, "Hanyu" is the most acceptable language name because it means "one language." It is natural according to the theory of the language name configuration.

著者

フフバートル Huhbator BORJIGIN

雑誌

學苑 = GAKUEN (ISSN:13480103)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.880, pp.1-15, 2014-02-01

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Ethnic Mongolians have used traditional Mongolian script since the 13th century. However, in the 20th century there have been various reforms of their writing systems. In the Mongolian People's Republic, in the 1930s, Latin script was introduced, and in the 40s, use of the Mongolian Cyrillic script was mandated. At that time in Inner Mongolia, there was a similar aspiration for Latinization. After World War II, in Inner Mongolia, a movement to encourage voluntary learning of the Cyrillic script used in the Mongolian People's Republic occurred. In July 1955, the government of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region introduced the Cyrillic script officially, but because of the change of language policy for minorities by the Chinese government, the campaign encouraging use of the Cyrillic script was canceled in March 1958. This paper explores the social significance of the reformation of the Mongolian writing system during the 20th century and shows how the Cyrillic script was introduced from the People's Republic of Mongolia into the Inner Mongolia. The author reconsiders the meaning of the reform of the writing system in today's Inner Mongolia.