著者

Acharya BS Actis M Aghajani T Agnetta G Aguilar J Aharonian F Ajello M Akhperjanian A Alcubierre M Aleksic J Alfaro R Aliu E Allafort AJ Allan D Allekotte I Amato E Anderson J Anguner EO Antonelli LA Antoranz P Aravantinos A Arlen T Armstrong T Arnaldi H Arrabito L Asano K Ashton T Asorey HG Awane Y Baba H Babic A Baby N Bahr J Bais A Baixeras C Bajtlik S Balbo M Balis D Balkowski C Bamba A Bandiera R Barber A Barbier C Barcelo M Barnacka A Barnstedt J de Almeida UB Barrio JA Basili A Basso S Bastieri D Bauer C Baushev A Becerra J Becherini Y Bechtol KC Tjus JB Beckmann V Bednarek W Behera B Belluso M Benbow W Berdugo J Berger K Bernard F Bernardino T Bernlohr K Bhat N Bhattacharyya S Bigongiari C Biland A Billotta S Bird T Birsin E Bissaldi E Biteau J Bitossi M Blake S Bigas OB Blasi P Bobkov A Boccone V Boettcher M Bogacz L Bogart J Bogdan M Boisson C Gargallo JB Bolmont J Bonanno G Bonardi A Bonev T Bonifacio P Bonnoli G Bordas P Borgland A Borkowski J Bose R Botner O Bottani A Bouchet L Bourgeat M Boutonnet C Bouvier A Brau-Nogue S Braun I Bretz T Briggs M Bringmann T Brook P Brun P Brunetti L Buanes T Buckley J Buehler R Bugaev V Bulgarelli A Bulik T Busetto G Buson S Byrum K Cailles M Cameron R Camprecios J Canestrari R Cantu S Capalbi M Caraveo P Carmona E Carosi A Carr J Carton PH Casanova S Casiraghi M Catalano O Cavazzani S Cazaux S Cerruti M Chabanne E Chadwick P Champion C Chen A Chiang J Chiappetti L Chikawa M Chitnis VR Chollet F Chudoba J Cieslar M Cillis A Cohen-Tanugi J Colafrancesco S Colin P Calome J Colonges S Compin M Conconi P Conforti V Connaughton V Conrad J Contreras JL Coppi P Corona P Corti D Cortina J Cossio L Costantini H Cotter G Courty B Couturier S Covino S Crimi G Criswell SJ Croston J Cusumano G Dafonseca M Dale O Daniel M Darling J Davids I Dazzi F De Angelis A De Caprio V De Frondat F Dal Pino EMD de la Calle I De La Vega GA Lopez RD De Lotto B De Luca A Neto JRTD de Naurois M de Oliveira Y Wilhelmi ED de Souza V Decerprit G Decock G Deil C Delagnes E Deleglise G Delgado C Della Volpe D Demange P Depaola G Dettlaff A Di Paola A Di Pierro F Diaz C Dick J Dickherber R Dickinson H Diez-Blanco V Digel S Dimitrov D Disset G Djannati-Atai A Doert M Dohmke M Domainko W Prester DD Donat A Dorner D Doro M Dournaux JL Drake G Dravins D Drury L Dubois F Dubois R Dubus G Dufour C Dumas D Dumm J Durand D Dyks J Dyrda M Ebr J Edy E Egberts K Eger P Einecke S Eleftheriadis C Elles S Emmanoulopoulos D Engelhaupt D Enomoto R Ernenwein JP Errando M Etchegoyen A Evans P Falcone A Fantinel D Farakos K Farnier C Fasola G Favill B Fede E Federici S Fegan S Feinstein F Ferenc D Ferrando P Fesquet M Fiasson A Fillin-Martino E Fink D Finley C Finley JP Fiorini M Curcoll RF Flores H Florin D Focke W Fohr C Fokitis E Font L Fontaine G Fornasa M Forster A Fortson L Fouque N Franckowiak A Fransson C Fraser G Frei R Albuquerque IFM Fresnillo L Fruck C Fujita Y Fukazawa Y Fukui Y Funk S Gabele W Gabici S Gabriele R Gadola A Galante N Gall D Gallant Y Gamez-Garcia J Garcia B Lopez RG Gardiol D Garrido D Garrido L Gascon D Gaug M Gaweda J Gebremedhin L Geffroy N Gerard L Ghedina A Ghigo M Giannakaki E Gianotti F Giarrusso S Giavitto G Giebels B Gika V Giommi P Girard N Giro E Giuliani A Glanzman T Glicenstein JF Godinovic N Golev V Berisso MG Gomez-Ortega J Gonzalez MM Gonzalez A Gonzalez F Munoz AG Gothe KS Gougerot M Graciani R Grandi P Granena F Granot J Grasseau G Gredig R Green A Greenshaw T Gregoire T Grimm O Grube J Grudzinska M Gruev V Grunewald S Grygorczuk J Guarino V Gunji S Gyuk G Hadasch D Hagiwara R Hahn J Hakansson N Hallgren A Heras NH Hara S Hardcastle MJ Harris J Hassan T Hatanaka K Haubold T Haupt A Hayakawa T Hayashida M Heller R Henault F Henri G Hermann G Hermel R Herrero A Hidaka N Hinton J Hoffmann D Hofmann W Hofverberg P Holder J Horns D Horville D Houles J Hrabovsky M Hrupec D Huan H Huber B Huet JM Hughes G Humensky TB Huovelin J Ibarra A Illa JM Impiombato D Incorvaia S Inoue S Inoue Y Ioka K Ismailova E Jablonski C Jacholkowska A Jamrozy M Janiak M Jean P Jeanney C Jimenez JJ Jogler T Johnson T Journet L Juffroy C Jung I Kaaret P Kabuki S Kagaya M Kakuwa J Kalkuhl C Kankanyan R Karastergiou A Karcher K Karczewski M Karkar S Kasperek A Kastana D Katagiri H Kataoka J Katarzynski K Katz U Kawanaka N Kellner-Leidel B Kelly H Kendziorra E Khelifi B Kieda DB Kifune T Kihm T Kishimoto T Kitamoto K Kluzniak W Knapic C Knapp J Knodlseder J Kock F Kocot J Kodani K Kohne JH Kohri K Kokkotas K Kolitzus D Komin N Kominis I Konno Y Koppel H Korohoda P Kosack K Koss G Kossakowski R Kostka P Koul R Kowal G Koyama S Koziol J Krahenbuhl T Krause J Krawzcynski H Krennrich F Krepps A Kretzschmann A Krobot R Krueger P Kubo H Kudryavtsev VA Kushida J Kuznetsov A La Barbera A La Palombara N La Parola V La Rosa G Lacombe K Lamanna G Lande J Languignon D Lapington J Laporte P Lavalley C Le Flour T Le Padellec A Lee SH Lee WH de Oliveira MAL Lelas D Lenain JP Leopold DJ Lerch T Lessio L Lieunard B Lindfors E Liolios A Lipniacka A Lockart H Lohse T Lombardi S Lopatin A Lopez M Lopez-Coto R Lopez-Oramas A Lorca A Lorenz E Lubinski P Lucarelli F Ludecke H Ludwin J Luque-Escamilla PL Lustermann W Luz O Lyard E Maccarone MC Maccarone TJ Madejski GM Madhavan A Mahabir M Maier G Majumdar P Malaguti G Maltezos S Manalaysay A Mancilla A Mandat D Maneva G Mangano A Manigot P Mannheim K Manthos I Maragos N Marcowith A Mariotti M Marisaldi M Markoff S Marszalek A Martens C Marti J Martin JM Martin P Martinez G Martinez F Martinez M Masserot A Mastichiadis A Mathieu A Matsumoto H Mattana F Mattiazzo S Maurin G Maxfield S Maya J Mazin D Mc Comb L McCubbin N McHardy I McKay R Medina C Melioli C Melkumyan D Mereghetti S Mertsch P Meucci M Michalowski J Micolon P Mihailidis A Mineo T Minuti M Mirabal N Mirabel F Miranda JM Mirzoyan R Mizuno T Moal B Moderski R Mognet I Molinari E Molinaro M Montaruli T Monteiro I Moore P Olaizola AM Mordalska M Morello C Mori K Mottez F Moudden Y Moulin E Mrusek I Mukherjee R Munar-Adrover P Muraishi H Murase K Murphy A Nagataki S Naito T Nakajima D Nakamori T Nakayama K Naumann C Naumann D Naumann-Godo M Nayman P Nedbal D Neise D Nellen L Neustroev V Neyroud N Nicastro L Nicolau-Kuklinski J Niedzwiecki A Niemiec J Nieto D Nikolaidis A Nishijima K Nolan S Northrop R Nosek D Nowak N Nozato A O'Brien P Ohira Y Ohishi M Ohm S Ohoka H Okuda T Okumura A Olive JF Ong RA Orito R Orr M Osborne J Ostrowski M Otero LA Otte N Ovcharov E Oya I Ozieblo A Padilla L Paiano S Paillot D Paizis A Palanque S Palatka M Pallota J Panagiotidis K Panazol JL Paneque D Panter M Paoletti R Papayannis A Papyan G Paredes JM Pareschi G Parks G Parraud JM Parsons D Arribas MP Pech M Pedaletti G Pelassa V Pelat D Perez MDC Persic M Petrucci PO Peyaud B Pichel A Pita S Pizzolato F Platos L Platzer R Pogosyan L Pohl M Pojmanski G Ponz JD Potter W Poutanen J Prandini E Prast J Preece R Profeti F Prokoph H Prouza M Proyetti M Puerto-Gimenez I Puhlhofer G Puljak I Punch M Pyziol R Quel EJ Quinn J Quirrenbach A Racero E Rajda PJ Ramon P Rando R Rannot RC Rataj M Raue M Reardon P Reimann O Reimer A Reimer O Reitberger K Renaud M Renner S Reville B Rhode W Ribo M Ribordy M Richer MG Rico J Ridky J Rieger F Ringegni P Ripken J Ristori PR Riviere A Rivoire S Rob L Roeser U Rohlfs R Rojas G Romano P Romaszkan W Romero GE Rosen S Lees SR Ross D Rouaix G Rousselle J Rousselle S Rovero AC Roy F Royer S Rudak B Rulten C Rupinski M Russo F Ryde F Sacco B Saemann EO Saggion A Safiakian V Saito K Saito T Saito Y Sakaki N Sakonaka R Salini A Sanchez F Sanchez-Conde M Sandoval A Sandaker H Sant'Ambrogio E Santangelo A Santos EM Sanuy A Sapozhnikov L Sarkar S Sartore N Sasaki H Satalecka K Sawada M Scalzotto V Scapin V Scarcioffolo M Schafer J Schanz T Schlenstedt S Schlickeiser R Schmidt T Schmoll J Schovanek P Schroedter M Schultz C Schultze J Schulz A Schure K Schwab T Schwanke U Schwarz J Schwarzburg S Schweizer T Schwemmer S Segreto A Seiradakis JH Sembroski GH Seweryn K Sharma M Shayduk M Shellard RC Shi J Shibata T Shibuya A Shum E Sidoli L Sidz M Sieiro J Sikora M Silk J Sillanpaa A Singh BB Sitarek J Skole C Smareglia R Smith A Smith D Smith J Smith N Sobczynska D Sol H Sottile G Sowinski M Spanier F Spiga D Spyrou S Stamatescu V Stamerra A Starling R Stawarz L Steenkamp R Stegmann C Steiner S Stergioulas N Sternberger R Sterzel M Stinzing F Stodulski M Straumann U Strazzeri E Stringhetti L Suarez A Suchenek M Sugawara R Sulanke KH Sun S Supanitsky AD Suric T Sutcliffe P Sykes J Szanecki M Szepieniec T Szostek A Tagliaferri G Tajima H Takahashi H Takahashi K Takalo L Takami H Talbot C Tammi J Tanaka M Tanaka S Tasan J Tavani M Tavernet JP Tejedor LA Telezhinsky I Temnikov P Tenzer C Terada Y Terrier R Teshima M Testa V Tezier D Thuermann D Tibaldo L Tibolla O Tiengo A Tluczykont M Peixoto CJT Tokanai F Tokarz M Toma K Torii K Tornikoski M Torres DF Torres M Tosti G Totani T Toussenel C Tovmassian G Travnicek P Trifoglio M Troyano I Tsinganos K Ueno H Umehara K Upadhya SS Usher T Uslenghi M Valdes-Galicia JF Vallania P Vallejo G van Driel W van Eldik C Vandenbrouke J Vanderwalt J Vankov H Vasileiadis G Vassiliev V Veberic D Vegas I Vercellone S Vergani S Veyssiere C Vialle JP Viana A Videla M Vincent P Vincent S Vink J Vlahakis N Vlahos L Vogler P Vollhardt A von Gunten HP Vorobiov S Vuerli C Waegebaert V Wagner R Wagner RG Wagner S Wakely SP Walter R Walther T Warda K Warwick R Wawer P Wawrzaszek R Webb N Wegner P Weinstein A Weitzel Q Welsing R Werner M Wetteskind H White R Wierzcholska A Wiesand S Wilkinson M Williams DA Willingale R Winiarski K Wischnewski R Wisniewski L Wood M Wornlein A Xiong Q Yadav KK Yamamoto H Yamamoto T Yamazaki R Yanagita S Yebras JM Yelos D Yoshida A Yoshida T Yoshikoshi T Zabalza V Zacharias M Zajczyk A Zanin R Zdziarski A Zech A Zhao A Zhou X Zietara K Ziolkowski J Ziolkowski P Zitelli V Zurbach C Zychowski P

雑誌

ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS (ISSN:09276505)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.43, pp.3-18, 2013

著者

Véronique L. Billat Eva Wesfreid Christian Kapfer Jean P. Koralsztein Yves Meyer

出版者

日本生理学会

雑誌

The Journal of Physiological Sciences (ISSN:18806546)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.56, no.1, pp.103-111, 2006 (Released:2006-07-14)

参考文献数

36

被引用文献数

17 33

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We hypothesized that a freely paced 10,000 m running race would induce a smaller physiological strain (heart rate and oxygen uptake) compared with one performed at the same average speed but with an imposed constant pace. Furthermore, we analyzed the scaling properties with a wavelet transform algorithm computed log2 (wavelet transform energy) vs. log2 (scale) to get slope a, which is the scaling exponent, a measure of the irregularity of a time series. HR was sampled beat by beat and VO2 breath by breath. The enforced constant pace run elicited a significantly higher mean VO2 value (53 ± 4 vs. 48 ± 5 ml kg−1 min−1, P < 0.001), HR (169 ± 13 vs. 165 ± 14 bpm, P < 0.01), and blood lactate concentration (6.6 ± 0.9 vs. 7.5 ± 1 mM, P < 0.001) than the freely paced run. HR and VO2 signals showed a scaling behavior, which means that the signals have a similar irregularity (a self-similarity) whatever the scale of analysis may be, in both constant and free-paced 10,000 m runs. The scaling exponent was not significantly different according to the type of run (free vs. constant, P > 0.05) and the signal (HR vs. VO2, P > 0.05). The higher metabolic cost of constant vs. free paced run did not affect the self-similarity of HR and VO2 in either run. The HR signal only kept its scaling behavior only with a distance run, no matter the type of run (free or constant).The results suggest that the larger degree of pace variation in freely paced races may be an intentionally chosen strategy designed to minimize the physiological strain during severe exercise and to prevent a premature termination of effort, even if the variability of the heart rate and VO2 are comparable in an enforced constant vs. a freely paced run and if HR keeps the same variability until the arrival.