- 著者
- Shinji Okayasu Kiyoyuki Kitaichi Akina Hori Tetsuya Suwa Yukio Horikawa Mayumi Yamamoto Jun Takeda Yoshinori Itoh
- 出版者
- 公益社団法人日本薬学会
- 雑誌
- Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin (ISSN:09186158)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.35, no.6, pp.933-937, 2012-06-01 (Released:2012-06-01)
- 参考文献数
- 26
- 被引用文献数
- 6 35
Metformin is a drug to improve glycemic control by reducing insulin resistance and is currently considered to be one of the first-choice drugs for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, during metformin use, adverse drug reactions (ADRs) including gastrointestinal adverse events were frequently observed. Thus, in the present study, we investigated the incidence of ADRs induced by metformin and further analyzed risk factors for ADRs in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who initially administered metformin (500–750 mg). One hundred and one hospitalized patients receiving metformin during September 1, 2009 and August 31, 2010 were studied. The incidence of ADRs and changes in laboratory data including hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) were monitored retrospectively. The anti-glycemic effect of metformin was successfully observed as indicated by decreased HbA1c. Among ADRs, diarrhea was most frequently occurred during metformin use (26.7% of patients) although the symptom of diarrhea was mild in most cases and disappeared within 3 d after the initial use. A logistic regression analysis showed the existence of six risk factors, including initial dose (750 mg), female, age (≦65), body mass index (≧25), aspartate aminotransferase (≧30 IU/L) and alkaline phosphatase (≧270 IU/L). The incidence of diarrhea increased linearly as the number of risk factors increased. In conclusion, in order to avoid ADRs, especially diarrhea, subsequently improving the quality of life during metformin use, the optimization of the dose of metformin by considering risk factors would be beneficial for patients with T2DM.
- 著者
- Erina KOHYAMA Takao CHIKUMOTO Hiroyuki TADA Kiyoyuki KITAICHI Tadashi HORIUCHI Tetsuro ITO
- 出版者
- (社)日本分析化学会
- 雑誌
- Analytical Sciences (ISSN:09106340)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.32, no.8, pp.831-837, 2016-08-10 (Released:2016-08-10)
- 参考文献数
- 23
- 被引用文献数
- 20
Synthetic compounds structurally derived from the mild stimulant 2-amino-1-phenyl-1-propanone, known as cathinone derivatives, are one of the largest growing class of synthetic designer drugs. The characterization of these drugs is complicated by the structural diversity and similarity of compounds in the ever-growing cathinone family. This paper demonstrates the successful application of gas chromatography–electron ionization–tandem mass spectrometry (GC-EI-MS-MS) and liquid chromatography–photodiode array (LC-PDA) analysis to differentiate structurally similar derivatives including regioisomers of cathinones. Product ion spectrometry of iminium ions allows for an univocal differentiation of the studied cathinones with the same aminoalkyl moiety. Furthermore, the product ion spectrometry of acylium ions and ultraviolet spectra obtained by LC-PDA enabled differentiation of regioisomers resulting from different substitution patterns on the aromatic ring. The validity of the method was demonstrated by the analysis of N-alkylated ortho-, meta-, and para-alkylcathinones along with the scaffolds of buphedrones and pentiophenones.