著者

Naoya Murashima Hirokazu Kameoka Li Li Shogo Seki Shoji Makino

出版者

Research Institute of Signal Processing, Japan

雑誌

Journal of Signal Processing (ISSN:13426230)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.25, no.4, pp.145-149, 2021-07-01 (Released:2021-07-01)

参考文献数

24

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This paper deals with single-channel speaker-dependent speech separation. While discriminative approaches using deep neural networks (DNNs) have recently proved powerful, generative approaches, including methods based on non-negative matrix factorization (NMF), are still attractive because of their flexibility in handling the mismatch between training and test conditions. Although NMF-based methods work reasonably well for particular sound sources, one limitation is that they can fail to work for sources with spectrograms that do not comply with the NMF model. To address this problem, attempts have recently been made to replace the NMF model with DNNs. With a similar motivation to these attempts, we propose in this paper a variational autoencoder (VAE)-based monaural source separation (VASS) method using a conditional VAE (CVAE) for source spectrogram modeling. We further propose an extension of the VASS method, called the discriminative VASS (DVASS) method, which uses a discriminative criterion for model training so that the separated signals directly become optimal. Experimental results revealed that the VASS method performed better than an NMF-based method, and the DVASS method performed better than the VASS method.

著者

Hao ZHANG Zhong-Li LI Xiang-Zheng SU Li DING Ji LI Heng ZHU

出版者

Japanese Association for Laboratory Animal Science

雑誌

Experimental Animals (ISSN:13411357)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.17-0137, (Released:2018-03-08)

被引用文献数

4

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Rabbit mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are important seed cells in regenerative medicine research, particularly in translational research. In the current study, we showed that rabbit subchondral bone is a reliable source of MSCs. First, we harvested subchondral bone (SCB) from the rabbit knee-joint and initiated the MSC culture by cultivating enzyme-treated SCB. Adherent fibroblast-like cells that outgrew from SCB fulfill the common immuno-phenotypic criteria for defining MSCs, but with low contamination of CD45+ hematopoietic cells. Interestingly, differentiated SCB-MSCs expressed osteogenic and chondrogenic markers at significantly higher levels than those in bone marrow cell suspension-derived MSCs (BMS-MSCs) (P<0.05). No differences in the expression of adipogenic markers between SCB-MSC and BMS-MSC (P>0.05) were observed. Moreover, the results of the colony forming unit-fibroblast assay and sphere formation assay demonstrated that the SCB-MSCs had increased self-renewal potential. SCB-MSCs expressed higher levels of the stemness markers Nanog, OCT4, and Sox-2 compared to in BMS-MSCs (P<0.05). Furthermore, the results of both the CCK-8-based assay and CFSE dilution assay showed that SCB-MSCs exhibited enhanced proliferative capacity. In addition, SCB-MSCs exhibited higher phosphorylation of extracellular signal-related kinase/mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling, which is closely related to MSC proliferation. In conclusion, we identified SCB-MSCs as a novel stem cell population that met the requirements of MSCs; the unique properties of SCB-MSC are important for the potential treatment of tissue damage resulting from disease and trauma.

著者

李 利 Li Li

出版者

神奈川大学日本常民文化研究所 非文字資料研究センター

雑誌

年報 非文字資料研究 (ISSN:18839169)

巻号頁・発行日

no.8, pp.165-189, 2012-03-20

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The eating and drinking customs in Fujian southern part can be regarded as a culture that has been brought up and handed down in the region. In daily lives, people feel and realize the working of the life and nature. While they adapted to life, they formed an idea ‶Medicine and Food Coming have the e Same Source". They inherited this idea through their long history. Therefore, we can say this idea is a basic system that has been supporting their lives since the ancient times and is the wisdom for keeping themselves healthy by themselves. The eating and drinking customs based on the idea ‶Medicine and Food Coming have the e Same Source" is one of the themes that the academic societies have been interested in. In this essay, I will try to analyze the eating and drinking customs in the annual events in southern Fujian concretely with regard to the idea of five Yin and Yang. And I would like to elucidate relations between the local eating and drinking customs and the characteristic of Chinese traditional culture. The fact that the idea of five Yin and Yang is involved in the annual events in southern Fujian shows the idea that basically every creature is medicine. And this shows that people there have the Chinese traditional Yin and Yang idea as a basis of their living. The fact epitomizes virtues and wisdoms of the Chinese traditional idea. I think the eating and drinking customs have an important role to hand the ideas and wisdoms down to their descendants in local society..

著者

Hyunjoo LIM Jina KIM Li LI Aeri LEE Junemoe JEONG Jonghyeok KO Sungin LEE Oh-Kyeong KWEON Wan Hee KIM

出版者

公益社団法人 日本獣医学会

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.16-0627, (Released:2017-08-04)

被引用文献数

9

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The aim of this study was to describe a ventral laparoscopic technique for bilateral medial iliac lymphadenectomy in dogs. Twelve intact male purpose-bred research dogs weighting less than 15 kg were positioned in dorsal recumbency, and a 3-portal technique was used. Bilateral dissection was performed with vessel-sealing devices while tilting the surgical table by up to 30° towards the contralateral side of the target medial iliac lymph node (MILN) without changing the surgeon’s position. Using a ventral laparoscopic approach, bilateral MILNs were identified and excised in all dogs. The mean time for unilateral and bilateral MILN dissections were 9.7 ± 3.8 min and 21.0 ± 6.0 min, respectively. The mean times for the right and left MILN dissections were 10.8 ± 4.3 min and 9.8 ± 2.5 min, respectively. The mean total surgery time was 43.7 ± 7.7 min. In total, 26 MILNs were dissected. Several complications, including, mild to moderate capillary hemorrhage from perinodal fat and vessels (controlled laparoscopically), mild spleen trauma caused by the first trocar insertion, and capsular damage of MILNs, were observed. However, there were no other major complications. All MILN samples were evaluated and deemed suitable for histopathologic diagnosis. Laparoscopic excision of MILNs is a useful method of excisional biopsy for histopathologic diagnosis. Using this ventral laparoscopic approach with the 3-portal technique, bilateral MILN dissection suitable for obtaining histopathologic samples could be achieved in a short time in dogs weighing less than 15 kg.