著者

Lina Madaniyazi Xerxes Seposo Chris Fook Sheng Ng Aurelio Tobias Michiko Toizumi Hiroyuki Moriuchi Lay-Myint Yoshida Masahiro Hashizume

出版者

National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases Editorial Committee

雑誌

Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases (ISSN:13446304)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.JJID.2021.312, (Released:2021-08-31)

参考文献数

8

被引用文献数

12

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The nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) on COVID-19 can impact current and future dynamics of respiratory syncytial virus infections (RSV). In Tokyo, RSV activity declined by 97.9% (95%CI: 94.8% - 99.2%) during NPIs. A longer period of NPIs could expand susceptible populations, enhancing the potential for larger RSV outbreaks after NPIs ends.

著者

Shuhei Nomura Marisa Nishio Sarah Krull Abe Akifumi Eguchi Manami Inoue Motoi Suzuki Masahiro Hashizume

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.JE20230235, (Released:2023-10-21)

参考文献数

23

被引用文献数

1

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IntroductionThe Covid-19 pandemic has significantly impacted end-of-life decisions for cancer patients in Japan, with disparities existing between preferred and actual care settings. Our study investigates the potential shifts in cancer death locations during the pandemic and if there were excess cancer deaths.MethodsUtilizing national mortality data from the Ministry of Health, Labour, and Welfare from January 2012 to February 2023, we identified cancer deaths using ICD-10 codes. We assessed death locations, including medical institutions, nursing facilities, and homes. The Farrington algorithm was employed to estimate expected death counts, and the differences between observed and expected counts were denoted as excess deaths.ResultsFrom January 2018 to February 2023, there was consistently increase in the weekly observed cancer deaths. The presence of a definitive excess during the pandemic period remains uncertain. The percentage of deaths in medical institutions declined from 83.3% to 70.1% , while home deaths increased from 12.1% to 22.9%. Between April 2020 and February 2023, deaths in medical institutions frequently fell below the 95% prediction lower limit. Home deaths consistently exceeded the 95% prediction upper limit, with significant excess deaths reported annually.ConclusionOur study found a shift in cancer death locations from medical institutions to homes in Japan during the COVID-19 pandemic. Our study did not confirm an overall increase in cancer deaths during this period. As with global trends, the profound shift from hospitals to homes in Japan calls for a comprehensive exploration to grasp the pandemic's multifaceted impact on end-of-life cancer care decisions.

著者

Chushi Kuroiwa Phengta Vongphrachanh Phoxay Xayyavong Kongmany Southalack Masahiro Hashizume Satoshi Nakamura

出版者

日本疫学会

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.11, no.6, pp.255-262, 2001 (Released:2007-11-30)

参考文献数

22

被引用文献数

5 5

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Following the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) recommendation on measles elimination, the Western Pacific Region of WHO (WPR) is emphasizing accelerated measles control programme especially since the achievement of polio eradication in WPR in 2000. This includes upgraded surveillance and mass measles vaccination campaign for children aged 9 months to 4 years. However, there are limited scientific evidences supporting the feasibility of this programme in Laos. To examine measles elimination feasibility in the country, we conducted measles outbreak investigation using immunoglobulin M (IgM). From March 1999 to March 2000, we conducted 7 outbreak investigations. At the outbreak sites, we examined clinical manifestations of cases and collected individual data. About five blood samples were drawn from each outbreak, and lgM antibodies to measles were tested. Of 7 investigated outbreaks, 5 were confirmed as measles, one was chickenpox, and one occurred in the inaccessible area due to flooding. In a village of high land Lao, blood drawn was refused. Of 185 cases, 64 (34.6%) cases were immunized, and 110 (59.5%) were unimunized. The estimated vaccine efficacy is 67.9%. The number of measles cases among school-aged children was 74 (40.0%), which represented 2.5% of the total population in investigated villages. Our findings showed various difficulties of the surveillance and the limited outcomes of mass measles vaccination campaign under the accelerated measles control programme by WPR. Efforts to improve cold chain as well as increasing routine immunization coverage must be the priority of measles control. J Epidemiol, 2001 ; 11 : 255-262

著者

Ananya Roy Md Ashraful Alam Yoonhee Kim Masahiro Hashizume

出版者

The Japanese Society for Hygiene

雑誌

Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine (ISSN:1342078X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, pp.36, 2022 (Released:2022-09-28)

参考文献数

50

被引用文献数

2

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Background: Previous studies have reported that high ambient temperature is associated with increased risk of suicide; however, the association has not been extensively investigated with drug overdose which is the most common method of unsuccessful suicidal behavior in Japan. Therefore, this study aims to examine the short-term association between daily mean temperature and the incidence of self-harm attempts by drug overdose in Tokyo, Japan.Methods: We collected the emergency ambulance dispatch data and daily meteorological data in Tokyo from 2010 to 2014. A quasi-Poisson regression model incorporating a distributed lag non-linear function was applied to estimate the non-linear and delayed association between temperature and drug overdose, adjusting for relative humidity, seasonal and long-term trends, and days of the week. Sex, age and location-specific associations of ambient temperature with drug overdose was also estimated.Results: 12,937 drug overdose cases were recorded during the study period, 73.9% of which were female. We observed a non-linear association between temperature and drug overdose, with the highest risk observed at 21 °C. The highest relative risk (RR) was 1.30 (95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.10–1.67) compared with the risk at the first percentile of daily mean temperature (2.9 °C) over 0–4 days lag period. In subgroup analyses, the RR of a drug overdose at 21 °C was 1.36 (95% CI: 1.02–1.81) for females and 1.07 (95% CI: 0.66–1.75) for males. Also, we observed that the risk was highest among those aged ≥65 years (RR = 2.54; 95% CI: 0.94–6.90), followed by those aged 15–34 years (RR = 1.25; 95% CI: 0.89–1.77) and those aged 35–64 years (RR = 1.15; 95% CI: 0.78–1.68). There was no evidence for the difference in RRs between urban (23 special wards) and sub-urban areas in Tokyo.Conclusions: An increase in daily mean temperature was associated with increased drug overdose risk. This study indicated the positive non-linear association between temperature and incomplete attempts by drug overdose. The findings of this study may add further evidence of the association of temperature on suicidal behavior and suggests increasing more research and investigation of other modifying factors.

著者

Takahiro Nakamura Masahiro Hashizume Kayo Ueda Tatsuhiko Kubo Atsushi Shimizu Tomonori Okamura Yuji Nishiwaki

出版者

日本疫学会

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.25, no.4, pp.289-296, 2015-04-05 (Released:2015-04-05)

参考文献数

21

被引用文献数

1 12

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Background: Asian dust events are caused by dust storms that originate in the deserts of China and Mongolia and drift across East Asia. We hypothesized that the dust events would increase incidence of out-of-hospital cardiac arrests by triggering acute events or exacerbating chronic diseases.Methods: We analyzed the Utstein-Style data collected in 2005 to 2008 from seven prefectures covering almost the entire length of Japan to investigate the effect of Asian dust events on out-of-hospital cardiac arrests. Asian dust events were defined by the measurement of light detection and ranging. A time-stratified case-crossover analysis was performed. The strength of the association between Asian dust events and out-of-hospital cardiac arrests was shown by odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals in two conditional logistic models. A pooled estimate was obtained from area-specific results by random-effect meta-analysis.Results: The total number of cases of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest was 59 273, of which 35 460 were in men and 23 813 were in women. The total number of event days during the study period was smallest in Miyagi and Niigata and largest in Shimane and Nagasaki. There was no significant relationship between Asian dust events and out-of-hospital cardiac arrests by area in either of the models. In the pooled analysis, the highest odds ratios were observed at lag day 1 in both model 1 (OR 1.07; 95% CI, 0.97–1.19) and model 2 (OR 1.08; 95% CI, 0.97–1.20). However, these results were not statistically significant.Conclusions: We found no evidence of an association between Asian dust events and out-of-hospital cardiac arrests.