著者

サカイ リョウキ シブヤ カズオ アユカワ マサル Ryoki SAKAI Kazuo SHIBUYA Masaru AYUKAWA

雑誌

Proceedings of the NIPR Symposium on Antarctic Geosciences

巻号頁・発行日

no.4, pp.80-89, 1990-09

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A non-magnetic pillar for observation of geomagnetic field was installed at Seal Rock, East Antarctica in January 1987 by the 28th Japanese Antarctic Research Expedition. A G.S.I. (second-order) precise magnetometer was set on the pillar, and absolute measurements of the geomagnetic field were made 7 times during 19 September-18 December, 1987. The averaged values of the observed declination angle, inclination angle and the total magnetic intensity are -36°19.2' (westward), -63°53.3' (upward) and 43073nT, respectively. These observed values are consistent with the theoretical values calculated by the IGRF (1985) model.

著者

鮎川 勝 Masaru Ayukawa

雑誌

南極資料 = Antarctic Record (ISSN:00857289)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.48, no.1, pp.36-65, 2004-03

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第44次南極地域観測隊は,鮎川勝観測隊長以下60名(うち越冬隊は小島秀康副隊長兼越冬隊長ら40名)で構成された.越冬隊のうち8名(大日方一夫副隊長兼越冬副隊長ら)はドームふじ観測拠点で越冬し,夏隊のうち3名(小達恒夫副隊長(専用観測船担当)ら)は「専用観測船」で行動した.このほか,越冬隊に4名,夏隊に6名および専用観測船に16名が,同行者として観測隊と行動を共にした.2002年11月14日,南極観測船「しらせ」は東京港晴海ふ頭より出発した.観測隊57名およびその同行者10名(NHK放送記念事業など報道関係者9名,研究者1名)は,11月28日に成田から空路でオーストラリアのシドニー経由パースに向かい,29日にフリーマントルで「しらせ」に乗船した.「しらせ」は,12月3日に同港を発ち,15日にリュツォホルム湾沖に到着し,26日に昭和基地に接岸した.2002年12月17日から2003年2月15日までの間に,昭和基地および見返り台(S16: ドームふじ観測拠点)への物資輸送,昭和基地からの廃棄物の積み込み,同基地における観測および建設作業,内陸および沿岸地域における野外観測などを行った.昭和基地等への物資輸送量は1225トンであった.昭和基地から「しらせ」に積載した廃棄物量は162トン,持ち帰り一般物資は139トンであった.昭和基地における夏期設営作業では,観測系のPPB飛実験支援のほか,見晴らし燃料タンク-昭和基地間の燃料送油管の設置第2年次工事,インテルサットアンテナの基礎コンクリート打設工事,300kVA発電機1号機のオーバーホール,基地側燃料タンクの防油堤建設工事,放送事業用の直径4.8mパラボラアンテナ放送棟小型発電機小屋の建設とその内部設備送配電線工事等36項目にわたった.夏期観測では,昭和基地における観測として4機の南極周回気球飛実験を実施したほか,野外における観測として宗谷海岸露岩域一帯から,明るい岬などのプリンスオラフ海岸露岩域に至る地学地質,陸上生物,測地,広帯域地震計観測などを実施した.また,気水圏系では,氷河末端域の消耗量観測およびパッダ沖多年氷の採取を行ったほか,内陸ドーム旅行中には雪氷学的調査を実施した.2003年2月14日までに第43次越冬隊員および第44次夏隊の野外調査隊,基地の設営作業者等を順次「しらせ」に収容し,2月15日の最終便の後に「しらせ」は北上を開始した.2月22日から26日にかけてアムンゼン湾沖で海底地形測量を実施した.「しらせ」による停船航走観測は,往復路ともほぼ計画通りの観測を実施した.「しらせ」は,3月21日にシドニーに入港し,27日に同港を発ち4月13日に東京港に帰港した.観測隊は3月29日に空路成田に帰国した.他方,「専用観測船」は,2003年2月17日にニュージーランドのウェリントンを出港し,東経140度付近の南極海で約10日間の海洋観測を行い,3月13日に同港に帰った.観測隊員等は3月17日に空路成田に帰国した.

著者

鮎川 勝 平沢 威男 国分 征 大瀬 正美 Masaru AYUKAWA Takeo HIRASAWA Susumu KOKUBUN Masami OSE

雑誌

南極資料 (ISSN:00857289)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.52, pp.1-42, 1975-03

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The rocket launching facilities were inaugurated in 1969 and completed in 1971 at Syowa Station (60°00'S, 39° 35'E: geomagnetic lat. 69.6°S, long. 77.1°E). In the rocket range, about 500 m south-west of the main base: of Syowa, there are three buildings, namely a propellant magazine (10.4×6.Om), a radar-telemeter hut (14.4×6m) and an assembly shop (12×7.6m) connected with a turntable. A turntable (8 m in diameter) in the center of the launching platform is at the same level as the floor of the assembly shop. A rocket carriage can be moved on rails from the assembly shop onto the launching turntable. Rotation of the turntable and movement of the launcher are remote-controlled. An iron-grating box covered with a vinyl sheet is attached to the launcher for keeping the rocket warm. The box is air-conditioned. The rocket is assembled and tested in the assembly shop and transferred to the turntable. The whole launching system is capable of firing a rocket with a diameter up to 350 mm. A radar-telemeter system and the igniter and timer controlers are installed in the radar-telemeter hut. A radar-tracking system with a power of 10 kW is used to measure the azimuth angle, the elevation angle, and the direct range, as well as to record telemeter signals in two channels transmitted by PPM modulation. The receiving frequency of the telemeter system is 290 MHz and the data in 12 channels is recorded. The control system consists of an ignition controller, a timer controller, and a probe controller. These control systems were designed to be operated by a limited number of technicians. There are two types of single-stage sounding rockets, S-160JA and S-210 JA. Their specifications are as follows: [table] Butadiene solid propellant is used from the viewpoint of low temperaturecharacteristics. There is another type of rocket which will be used in the future; S-310JA type (payload 40kg, peak altitude 220km). These rockets were developed by the Institute of Space and Aeronautical Science, University of Tokyo. In order to fire the rockets at the moment when auroral activities begin to show a drastic increase at the onset of an auroral substorm, some considerations were needed in the procedure of the firings in the Antarctic severe natural environment. As a result of many considerations and trainings, the rocket could be fired within one minute after the receiving of the introduction in the rocket launching. The ground-based observations were consolidated at Syowa Station, assisting the direct measurements of physical quantities in auroras by means of the sounding rockets. The instruments to be used in the auroral observations are: all-sky camera (35mm, every 10s), auroral zenith photometer (4278 A), multicolour geomagnetic meridian scanning photometers (4278, 5577, 6300 A, H_β), high sensitive TV camera and VHP auroral radar. It was 10th February 1970 when the first launching of the sounding rocket was carried out at Syowa. Since then, four S-160JA type and nineteen S-210JA type rockets were flown during the period of the research program in 1970-1973. Objects of measurements were electron and ion densities, electric and magnetic fields, infrared and ultra-violet emissions, energetic paticles, X-rays and radiowave in aurora. Through the successful rocket flights, the significant information to reveal the physical nature of auroras was obtained. The present paper mainly reports on the progress of the research program by means of sounding rockets at Syowa Station in 1970-1973 concerning the transportation, the construction and maintenance of the launching facilities, arrangements of the rocket firing and tracking and the obtained results of the rocket flights. During the period of International Magnetospheric Study (IMS, 1976-1979), the rocket facilities will be reopened and more than twenty sounding rockets (S-310JA and S-210JA) are scheduled to be launched from Syowa Station.