著者

Toshihiro Tsuruda Naoki Yoshikawa Motoaki Kai Masashi Yamaguchi Reiko Toida Tsuyoshi Kodama Kei Kajihara Takayuki Kawabata Takeshi Nakamura Koji Sakata Kinta Hatakeyama Toshihiro Gi Yujiro Asada Tetsuya Tono Kazuo Kitamura Ryuji Ikeda

出版者

The Japanese Society of Internal Medicine

雑誌

Internal Medicine (ISSN:09182918)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.5317-20, (Released:2020-09-19)

参考文献数

33

被引用文献数

16

---

We herein report the cytokine expression at different stages for three patients who developed cardiac complications after immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy. Patient 1 with biopsy-proven myocarditis showed increased levels of interleukin (IL)-8, monocyte chemotactic and activating factor, and granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) when he developed Takotsubo cardiomyopathy. Patient 2 with subclinical myocarditis showed predominant activation of IL-8 during the progressive clinical course. Patient 3 with cytokine-releasing syndrome showed substantial activations of IL-6, IL-8, GM-CSF, and interferon-γ. Our data suggest the development of unique cytokine activation in individual patients with cardiac complications after ICI therapy.

著者

Masashi Yamaguchi Cedric O’Driscoll Worman

出版者

Japan Society of Protistology

雑誌

原生動物学雑誌 (ISSN:03883752)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.47, no.1-2, pp.29-48, 2014 (Released:2016-08-01)

参考文献数

47

---

Living cells are deeply divided into two enormously divergent levels of complexity: prokaryotic and eukaryotic. Eukaryotes are thought to have developed from prokaryotic predecessors; however the large differences in their cellular structures results in equally large questions of how the process might have occurred. In 2012, in the deep-sea off the coast of Japan, we discovered a unique microorganism appearing to have cellular features intermediate between prokaryotes and eukaryotes. The organism, the Myojin parakaryote (tentatively named by Yamaguchi et al., 2012), was two orders of magnitude larger than a typical bacterium and had a large “nucleoid”, consisting of naked DNA fibers, surrounded by a single layered “nucleoid membrane”, and bacteria-like “endosymbionts”, but it lacked mitochondria. This organism exemplifies a potential evolutionary path between prokaryotes and eukaryotes, and strongly supports the endosymbiotic theory for the origin of mitochondria and the karyogenetic hypothesis for the origin of the nucleus. In this review, we describe how the Myojin parakaryote was discovered, the features of this organism, the significance of the discovery, and perspectives on future research.

著者

Masashi Yamaguchi

出版者

日本マイコトキシン学会

雑誌

マイコトキシン (ISSN:02851466)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.65, no.2, pp.81-99, 2015-07-31 (Released:2015-09-01)

参考文献数

43

被引用文献数

2 8

---

Three topics from electron microscopic studies of microorganisms carried out in my laboratory in recent ten years are described. 1) Influenza A virus was observed in water by an ice-embedding method using phase contrast electron microscopy developed in Japan. Virions appeared as spherical or elongated particles consisting of spikes, an envelope, and a core with high contrast. 2) A new term the “structome” was introduced and defined as “the quantitative and three-dimensional structural information of a whole cell at electron microscopic level.” We performed structome analyses of Saccharomyces cerevisiae by using freeze-substitution and serial ultrathin sectioning electron microscopy. We found that there were one to four mitochondria and about 195,000 ribosomes in a cell. 3) In the deep-sea off the coast of Japan, we discovered a unique microorganism appearing to have cellular features intermediate between prokaryotes and eukaryotes. The organism, named as the Myojin parakaryote, was two orders of magnitude larger than a typical bacterium and had a large “nucleoid”, surrounded by a single layered “nucleoid membrane”, and bacteria-like “endosymbionts”, but it lacked mitochondria. This organism exemplifies a potential evolutionary path between prokaryotes and eukaryotes, and the presence of the organism supports the endosymbiotic theory for the origin of mitochondria and the karyogenetic hypothesis for the origin of the nucleus. These studies show that the electron microscopy is a powerful tool for studying a wide range of problems of microorganisms.