著者

Shichijo Kazuko Takatsuji Toshihiro Yamamoto Masayoshi Nakashima Masahiro

出版者

広島大学平和科学研究センター

雑誌

IPSHU English Research Report Series

巻号頁・発行日

no.28, pp.70-73, 2012-03

---

The explosion of a plutonium Atomic bomb over Nagasaki city in Japan took place at 1102h on August 9, 1945. Radiation dose of A-bomb survivor is practically estimated from external radiation. The alpha particles can be disregarded science they travel only a short distance through air. Plutonium remaining in the soil at Nagasaki after 24yr has been determined in 1971. In the patients subjected to the Atomic bomb there was no evidence of the introduction of radioactive material. We have already studied the preserved body cells of seven A-bombed victims in 1945, and became the first one to prove that plutonium is continuing to emit radiations after more than 60 years since the A-bomb attack. In this study, the nuclide identification of alpha-emitters in environmental samples and calibration standards has been attempted by the measurement of the alpha track length using autoradiography. Alpha track length in Nagasaki soil; Ground surface soil collected in 1979 from the Nishiyama area in Nagasaki City, 210Po, 241Am and 243Am fitted the relation curve between energy and track length of alpha-particles in the photo emulsion. Moreover, the alpha track length in Nagasaki soil was consisted with that in paraffin-embedded specimen of A-bomb cases. Therefore, the nuclide of alpha-emitters in specimen of atomic victims at Nagasaki was identified with 239,240Pu by autoradiography.

著者

中島 正博 NAKASHIMA Masahiro ナカシマ マサヒロ

出版者

広島市立大学国際学部

雑誌

広島国際研究 (ISSN:13413546)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.9, pp.177-192, 2003

---

This paper considers a man-and-nature relation through a hunter-gatherers lifestyle in the Japanese prehistoric Jomon period. The Jomon people developed their lifestyle by hunting and gathering natural resources in the forests, rivers and seas in the Neolithic Age, when the forest widely regenerated after the glacial period. They utilized natural resources not only by collecting resources but also growing and processing them. Because of these active operations upon the nature, there was strain between man and the nature due to overuses and among peoples for the access to the resources. The Jomon people developed communities where a social order was imbedded to sustain the nature and people's life, i. e. , coexistence of the nature and man. By considering hunter-gatherers lifestyles in the past and present, it is thought that the Jomon people looked upon the nature as cyclic lives repeating life and death and as well as partners whom they had to associate or even negotiate with. Since nature's prosperity was vital for the people's life, they associated with the nature to enhance her prosperity by spiritual attitude of thank, awe and respect with such an expression as offerings. These are Jomon people's views on the nature and life and on their man-and-nature relation.