著者

Alvin Sanjaya Taiki Kobayashi Ryo Nishijima Harue Shinoyama Yusuke Kazama

出版者

Japan Mendel Society, International Society of Cytology

雑誌

CYTOLOGIA (ISSN:00114545)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.88, no.3, pp.265-272, 2023-09-25 (Released:2023-09-25)

参考文献数

15

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The popular ornamental flowering plant Dianthus hybrida cv. Telstar Scarlet has been found to exhibit two populations, each with distinct flower morphology: female-like and hermaphroditic. In this work, flower development of D. hybrida was characterized through scanning electron microscopy, light- or stereo- microscopy, from flower meristem formation to the fully matured, open flower. The difference between hermaphrodite and female-like plants was initially marked by the phenomenon of anther shrinking in the latter, which was closely associated with pollen shrinking phenomenon, and soon followed by differential elongation rates of pistils and stamens. Furthermore, the female-like anther, albeit exhibiting delay in pollen development initially, could produce microspores, resembling its hermaphrodite counterparts at some point, before shrinking. However, female-like’s pollen and cell wall size never became as large as the hermaphrodite’s.

著者

Shota Teramoto Yuka Kitomi Ryo Nishijima Satoko Takayasu Natsuko Maruyama Yusaku Uga

出版者

日本育種学会

雑誌

Breeding Science (ISSN:13447610)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.69, no.3, pp.508-513, 2019 (Released:2019-09-18)

参考文献数

28

被引用文献数

14

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Root system architecture (RSA) is one of the most important traits determining water and nutrient availability for plants. Modification of RSA is known to be a useful approach for improving root performance of crops. However, for conducting root phenotyping, there are few alternatives for the rapid collection of root samples from a constant soil volume. In this report, we propose a rapid root-sampling method, which uses a steel cylinder known as round monolith and backhoes to reduce the physical effort. The monolith was set on the ground surrounding individual rice plants and vertically driven back by a backhoe. Soil samples with 20 cm width and 25 cm depth were excavated by the monolith, from which root samples were then isolated. This backhoe-assisted monolith method requires at most five minutes to collect root samples from one plant. Using this method, we quantified the root traits of three rice lines, reported to form different types of root system such as shallow-, intermediate-, and deep-roots, using a root image analysis software. The data obtained through this method, which showed the same trend as previously reported, clearly demonstrated that this method is useful for quantitative evaluation of roots in the soil.

著者

Taiki Kobayashi Masako Takahashi Ryo Nishijima Ryuji Sugiyama Kotaro Ishii Shigeyuki Kawano Yusuke Kazama

出版者

Japan Mendel Society, International Society of Cytology

雑誌

CYTOLOGIA (ISSN:00114545)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.86, no.4, pp.323-328, 2021-12-25 (Released:2021-12-24)

参考文献数

43

被引用文献数

2

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Cytology requires chromosome specimens, thus, effective preparation methods are needed. Chromosome specimens are frequently prepared from plant root tips. Furthermore, cell cycle synchronization using chemical reagents is applied to obtain a large number of metaphase chromosome specimens. In this study, we focused on the timing of root tip sampling, which is optimal for the preparation of chromosome specimens of the dioecious plant Silene latifolia. The timing was determined from the time seeds were subjected to a germination treatment. Observation of metaphase chromosomes using microscopy revealed that the number of mitotic cells peaked 54 h after the germination treatment. This trend was also observed when the DNA synthesis inhibitor aphidicolin was administered from 24 to 9 h before sampling time points. We used ice-cold treatment for 8, 16, and 32 h as a chromosome condensation method. The 16 h treatment produced suitable chromosome specimens showing satellite ends of chromosomes, whereas the 32 h treatment produced well-condensed chromosome specimens, which were suitable for counting chromosome numbers. Our findings suggest that the timing of root tip sampling is essential for effectively producing plant chromosome specimens.