著者

YUINE Hiroshi KATAOKA Nobuhiro KURAKATA Hiroshi SASAKI Takeshi WAKAYAMA Shuichi YOSHII Yuichi SHIRAISHI Hideki

出版者

Japanese Society for Brain Function and Rehabilitation

雑誌

Journal of Rehabilitation Neurosciences (ISSN:24342629)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.23, no.1, pp.231201, 2023 (Released:2023-07-28)

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While mirror therapy is used to improve upper limb function after stroke, evidence supporting its use for treating post-stroke complex regional pain syndrome remains inconclusive. We aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effects of mirror therapy for complex regional pain syndrome after stroke. The following databases were searched for relevant literature: MEDLINE, EMCARE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Web of Science, OTseeker, and the Physiotherapy Evidence Database, with no restrictions on language, type, or date. Randomized controlled trials comparing mirror therapy with placebo interventions or other treatments for stroke and complex regional pain syndrome type 1 were included. Studies involving multiple trauma cases were excluded. Primary outcomes were pain, assessed using a visual analog scale, and upper limb function, evaluated using the Wolf Motor Function Test and Fugl–Meyer assessment. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. Of 2,977 screened articles, 17 were reviewed. Three studies fulfilling the inclusion criteria with moderate overall risk of bias were considered for data extraction. All three studies assessed pain using the visual analog scale; two assessed upper extremity function via the Wolf Motor Function Test or Fugl–Meyer assessment. Each of the three studies showed significant improvement in the mirror therapy group compared with the control group. This review validated mirror therapy as an effective treatment for complex regional pain syndrome type 1 after stroke; however, the quality of evidence remains very low.

著者

Sasaki Takeshi Niwano Shinichi Sasaki Sae Imaki Ryuta Yuge Masaru Hirasawa Shoji Satoh Daisuke Moriguchi Masahiko Fujiki Akira Izumi Tohru

出版者

社団法人日本循環器学会

雑誌

Circulation Journal (ISSN:13469843)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.70, no.2, pp.169-173, 2006-01-20

被引用文献数

2 13 19

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Background Little is known about the shortening of atrial refractoriness as a result of electrical remodeling in atrial fibrillation (AF) in clinical cases, especially in terms of long-term follow-up, because of a lack of noninvasive testing methods. Methods and Results The present study population comprised 38 consecutive patients with persistent AF (PAF, >1 month). Before and after the follow-up period of 1-14 months, surface ECGs were recorded for analysis. In each case, the fibrillation wave was purified by subtracting the QRS-T complex template and then power spectral analysis was performed. The mean fibrillation cycle length (FCL) and FCL coefficient of variation (FCL-CV) were determined from peak power frequency in 20 epochs in each recording. The change in FCL (ΔFCL) was calculated by subtracting the baseline FCL from the FCL after the follow-up period. To correct for the difference in the follow-up period, ΔFCL was divided by the follow-up period in each case. In 38 cases, mean FCL decreased from 160±20ms to 151±19ms (p<0.05), and the FCL-CV also decreased from 15±9% to 12±5% (p<0.05). The corrected ΔFCL was -2.4±7.6 (ms/month) and there was a significant negative correlation between corrected ΔFCL and baseline FCL (p<0.01). Conclusion Shortening of the FCL during a relatively long-term follow-up period was observed in patients with PAF.

著者

Saji Kentaro Sasaki Takeshi Yoshida Masaaki

出版者

The Mathematical Society of Japan

雑誌

Journal of the Mathematical Society of Japan (ISSN:00255645)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.2, pp.559-578, 2009-04-01

被引用文献数

3

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The hyperbolic Schwarz map is defined in [SYY1] as a map from the complex projective line to the three-dimensional real hyperbolic space by use of solutions of the hypergeometric differential equation. Its image is a flat front ([GMM], [KUY], [KRSUY]), and generic singularities are cuspidal edges and swallowtail singularities. In this paper, for the two-parameter family of the confluent hypergeometric differential equations, we study the singularities of the hyperbolic Schwarz map, count the number of swallowtails, and identify the further singularities, except those which are apparently of type <I>A</I><SUB>5</SUB>. This describes creations/eliminations of the swallowtails on the image surfaces, and gives a stratification of the parameter space according to types of singularities. Such a study was made for a 1-parameter family of hypergeometric differential equation in [NSYY], which counts only the number of swallowtails without identifying further singularities.