- 著者
- Jun KIMURA Hauke HUSSMANN Shunichi KAMATA Koji MATSUMOTO Jürgen OBERST Gregor STEINBRÜGGE Alexander STARK Klaus GWINNER Shoko OSHIGAMI Noriyuki NAMIKI Kay LINGENAUBER Keigo ENYA Kiyoshi KURAMOTO Sho SASAKI
- 出版者
- THE JAPAN SOCIETY FOR AERONAUTICAL AND SPACE SCIENCES
- 雑誌
- TRANSACTIONS OF THE JAPAN SOCIETY FOR AERONAUTICAL AND SPACE SCIENCES, AEROSPACE TECHNOLOGY JAPAN (ISSN:18840485)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.17, no.2, pp.234-243, 2019 (Released:2019-03-04)
- 参考文献数
- 50
- 被引用文献数
- 4
Laser altimetry is a powerful tool for addressing the major objectives of planetary physics and geodesy. Through measurements of distances between a spacecraft and the surface of the planetary bodies, it can be used to determine the global shape and radius: global, regional, and local topography: tidal deformation: and rotational states including physical librations. Laser altimeters have been applied in planetary explorations of the Moon, Mars, Mercury, and the asteroids Eros, and Itokawa. The JUpiter Icy Moons Explorer (JUICE), led by European Space Agency (ESA), has started development to explore the emergence of habitable worlds around gas giants. The Ganymede Laser Altimeter (GALA) will be the first laser altimeter for icy bodies, and will measure the shape and topography of the large icy moons of Jupiter, (globally for Ganymede, and using flyby ground-tracks for Europa and Callisto). Such information is crucial for understanding the formation of surface features and can tremendously improve our understanding of the icy tectonics. In addition, the GALA will infer the presence or absence of a subsurface ocean by measuring the tidal and rotational responses. Furthermore, it also improves the accuracy of gravity field measurements reflecting the interior structure, collaborating with the radio science experiment. In addition to range measurements, the signal strength and the waveform of the laser pulses reflected from the moon's surface contain information about surface reflectance at the laser wavelength and small scale roughness. Therefore we can infer the degrees of chemical and physical alterations, e.g., erosion, space weathering, compaction and deposition of exogenous materials, through GALA measurements without being affected by illumination conditions. JUICE spacecraft carries ten science payloads including GALA. They work closely together in a synergistic way with GALA being one of the key instruments for understanding the evolution of the icy satellites Ganymede, Europa, and Callisto.
- 著者
- Yuki Kataoka Shunkichi Ikegaki Daisuke Kato Toshihiko Takada Yasushi Tsujimoto Sho Sasaki Sei Takahashi
- 出版者
- The Japanese Society of Internal Medicine
- 雑誌
- Internal Medicine (ISSN:09182918)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- pp.2312-18, (Released:2019-03-28)
- 参考文献数
- 21
- 被引用文献数
- 3
Objective To describe the clinical research support systems in Japanese board certification programs of internal medicine and to assess the relationship between these support systems and the scholarly activities of residents. Methods In 2018, a 26-item web questionnaire was mailed to 542 points of contact of hospitals listed as certified residency programs of internal medicine in order to obtain information about the presence of a research support system and scholarly activity from 2016. We used hospital characteristic data from the Japanese Diagnostic Procedure Combination database, a national inpatient database, and the annual report of the Japanese Society of Internal Medicine. Results A total of 228 hospitals (42%) responded to the survey. There were regular research lectures in 129 hospitals (57%), protected time (time to perform research during working hours) in 53 hospitals (23%), research consultations in 175 hospitals (77%), regular journal clubs in 213 hospitals (77%), regular research conferences in 151 hospitals (66%), data warehouses in 139 hospitals (61%), and financial research support from the hospital budget in 140 hospitals (61%). A multivariate analysis showed that none of the research support systems were related to the number of conference presentations. In contrast, protected time (odds ratio [OR] 3.66, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.43-9.39) and regular research conferences (OR 2.20, 95% CI 1.14-4.23) were related to the presence of clinical research presentations in scientific conferences hosted by residents. Conclusion Protected time and regular research conferences were related to the scholarly activity of residents in Japanese teaching hospitals.
- 著者
- Jun KIMURA Hauke HUSSMANN Shunichi KAMATA Koji MATSUMOTO Jürgen OBERST Gregor STEINBRÜGGE Alexander STARK Klaus GWINNER Shoko OSHIGAMI Noriyuki NAMIKI Kay LINGENAUBER Keigo ENYA Kiyoshi KURAMOTO Sho SASAKI
- 出版者
- THE JAPAN SOCIETY FOR AERONAUTICAL AND SPACE SCIENCES
- 雑誌
- TRANSACTIONS OF THE JAPAN SOCIETY FOR AERONAUTICAL AND SPACE SCIENCES, AEROSPACE TECHNOLOGY JAPAN (ISSN:18840485)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- pp.17.234, (Released:2019-01-31)
- 参考文献数
- 50
- 被引用文献数
- 4
Laser altimetry is a powerful tool for addressing the major objectives of planetary physics and geodesy. Through measurements of distances between a spacecraft and the surface of the planetary bodies, it can be used to determine the global shape and radius: global, regional, and local topography: tidal deformation: and rotational states including physical librations. Laser altimeters have been applied in planetary explorations of the Moon, Mars, Mercury, and the asteroids Eros, and Itokawa. The JUpiter Icy Moons Explorer (JUICE), led by European Space Agency (ESA), has started development to explore the emergence of habitable worlds around gas giants. The Ganymede Laser Altimeter (GALA) will be the first laser altimeter for icy bodies, and will measure the shape and topography of the large icy moons of Jupiter, (globally for Ganymede, and using flyby ground-tracks for Europa and Callisto). Such information is crucial for understanding the formation of surface features and can tremendously improve our understanding of the icy tectonics. In addition, the GALA will infer the presence or absence of a subsurface ocean by measuring the tidal and rotational responses. Furthermore, it also improves the accuracy of gravity field measurements reflecting the interior structure, collaborating with the radio science experiment. In addition to range measurements, the signal strength and the waveform of the laser pulses reflected from the moon's surface contain information about surface reflectance at the laser wavelength and small scale roughness. Therefore we can infer the degrees of chemical and physical alterations, e.g., erosion, space weathering, compaction and deposition of exogenous materials, through GALA measurements without being affected by illumination conditions. JUICE spacecraft carries ten science payloads including GALA. They work closely together in a synergistic way with GALA being one of the key instruments for understanding the evolution of the icy satellites Ganymede, Europa, and Callisto.
- 著者
- Sho SASAKI Masaki FUJIMOTO Hajime YANO Takeshi TAKASHIMA Yasumasa KASABA Yukihiro TAKAHASHI Jun KIMURA Yuichi TSUDA Ryu FUNASE Osamu MORI Stefano CAMPAGNOLA Yasuhiro KAWAKATSU
- 出版者
- THE JAPAN SOCIETY FOR AERONAUTICAL AND SPACE SCIENCES
- 雑誌
- TRANSACTIONS OF THE JAPAN SOCIETY FOR AERONAUTICAL AND SPACE SCIENCES, AEROSPACE TECHNOLOGY JAPAN (ISSN:18840485)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.10, no.ists28, pp.Tk_37-Tk_40, 2012 (Released:2013-06-07)
EJSM (Europa Jupiter System Mission) is an international Jovian system mission with three spacecraft. Coordinated observation of Jovian magnetosphere is one of the important targets of the mission in addition to icy satellites, atmosphere, and the interior of Jupiter. JAXA will take a role on the magnetosphere spinner JMO (Jupiter Magnetospheric Orbiter), whereas ESA will launch JGO (Jupiter Ganymede Orbiter) and NASA will be responsible for JEO (Jupiter Europa Orbiter). One possibility is to combine JMO with a proposed solar sail mission of JAXA for Jupiter and one of Trojan asteroids. Since Trojan asteroids could be representing raw solid materials of Jupiter or at least outer solar system bodies,involvement of Trojan observation should enlarge the scope and enhance the quality of EJSM.
- 著者
- Yuki Kataoka Shunkichi Ikegaki Daisuke Kato Toshihiko Takada Yasushi Tsujimoto Sho Sasaki Sei Takahashi
- 出版者
- The Japanese Society of Internal Medicine
- 雑誌
- Internal Medicine (ISSN:09182918)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.58, no.13, pp.1859-1864, 2019-07-01 (Released:2019-07-01)
- 参考文献数
- 21
- 被引用文献数
- 1 3
Objective To describe the clinical research support systems in Japanese board certification programs of internal medicine and to assess the relationship between these support systems and the scholarly activities of residents. Methods In 2018, a 26-item web questionnaire was mailed to 542 points of contact of hospitals listed as certified residency programs of internal medicine in order to obtain information about the presence of a research support system and scholarly activity from 2016. We used hospital characteristic data from the Japanese Diagnostic Procedure Combination database, a national inpatient database, and the annual report of the Japanese Society of Internal Medicine. Results A total of 228 hospitals (42%) responded to the survey. There were regular research lectures in 129 hospitals (57%), protected time (time to perform research during working hours) in 53 hospitals (23%), research consultations in 175 hospitals (77%), regular journal clubs in 213 hospitals (77%), regular research conferences in 151 hospitals (66%), data warehouses in 139 hospitals (61%), and financial research support from the hospital budget in 140 hospitals (61%). A multivariate analysis showed that none of the research support systems were related to the number of conference presentations. In contrast, protected time [odds ratio (OR) 3.66, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.43-9.39] and regular research conferences (OR 2.20, 95% CI 1.14-4.23) were related to the presence of clinical research presentations in scientific conferences hosted by residents. Conclusion Protected time and regular research conferences were related to the scholarly activity of residents in Japanese teaching hospitals.
- 著者
- Masataka NARUKAWA Sho SASAKI Tatsuo WATANABE
- 出版者
- Japanese Society for Food Science and Technology
- 雑誌
- Food Science and Technology Research (ISSN:13446606)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.17, no.2, pp.167-170, 2011 (Released:2011-07-14)
- 参考文献数
- 16
- 被引用文献数
- 9 35
In order to investigate the effect of pungent components on salt taste sensitivity in humans, sensory evaluation of taste intensity and palatability was performed by adding 0.5 or 1 μM capsaicin (CAP) to a 75 mM NaCl solution. The assessment results suggested that a significant number of subjects experienced stronger salt taste intensity with the CAP-added NaCl solution than that for the NaCl solution alone. A quantitative analysis performed by adding CAP to the NaCl solution revealed an increase in the salt taste intensity. At the same time, the palatability decreased with increasing concentration of CAP. The increase in salt taste intensity after the addition of CAP suggests that addition of pungent components might influence salt sensitivity in humans.
- 著者
- Akihiko Yamagishi Shin-ichi Yokobori Yoshitaka Yoshimura Masamichi Yamashita Hirofumi Hashimoto Takashi Kubota Hajime Yano Junichi Haruyama Makoto Tabata Kensei Kobayashi Hajime Honda Yuichi Utsumi Tsunemasa Saiki Takashi Itoh Atsuo Miyakawa Kenji Hamase Takeshi Naganuma Hajime Mita Kenichi Tonokura Sho Sasaki Hideaki Miyamoto
- 出版者
- 日本宇宙生物科学会
- 雑誌
- Biological Sciences in Space (ISSN:09149201)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.24, no.2, pp.67-82, 2010 (Released:2012-06-26)
- 参考文献数
- 114
- 被引用文献数
- 1 12
Liquid water is considered to be critical for life. Gibbs free energy is another factor that is important to sustain life for long durations. Gibbs free energy is obtained by reactions between reductants and oxidants, or from any other non-equilibrium state of matter. As an example, aerobic organisms use carbohydrates and oxygen to obtain energy. Many types of chemoautotrophic mechanisms are known for this process as well. On the surface of Mars, methane and oxidative compounds such as ferric oxide, sulfate and perchloride, which could provide redox-derived Gibbs free energy, have been detected. Iron-dependent methane oxidizing bacteria have been found in marine environments on Earth. This finding suggests the possible presence of methane-oxidizing bacteria on the Mars surface, if the local thermal environment and other resources permit proliferation and metabolism of bacteria. Our project aims to search for methane-oxidizing microbes on the Mars surface. Martian soil will be sampled from a depth of about 5 - 10 cm below the surface, where organisms are expected to be protected from the harsh hyper-oxidative environment of the Mars surface. Small particles less than 0.1 mm or 1 mm will be sieved from the sample, before being transferred to the analysis section by a micro-actuator. The particles will be stained with a cocktail of fluorescent reagents, and examined by fluorescence microscopy. A combination of fluorescent dyes has been selected to identify life forms in samples. A membrane-specific dye or a combination of dyes will be used to detect membranes surrounding the "cell". An intercalating fluorescent dye such as SYBR Green will be used to detect genetic compounds such as DNA. A substrate dye that emits fluorescence upon cleavage by a catalytic reaction will be used to detect the catalytic activity of the "cell". A combination of staining reagents has been chosen based on the definition of life. A membrane separating a cell from the ambient environment may lead to identification of an "individual". DNA or genetic material is required for "replication" of the life form. Catalytic reactions carried out by enzymes drive "metabolism". This combination of strategies will also be useful for detecting pre-biotic organic material as well as remnants of ancient life. Hydrolysis of the polymers in the "cell" followed by HPLC or soft ionization MS for amino acid analysis will be effective for examining whether Martian life is identical to or different from terrestrial life. The number and type of the amino acids as well as their chirality will be analyzed to distinguish whether the polymers are contaminants from Earth.