著者

SHIYUE HE KAZUO KEMPE YUICHI TOMIKI MASAKO NISHIZUKA TSUTOMU SUZUKI TAKASHI DAMBARA TAKAO OKADA

出版者

The Juntendo Medical Society

雑誌

順天堂醫事雑誌 (ISSN:21879737)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.2, pp.142-148, 2015 (Released:2015-08-06)

参考文献数

10

被引用文献数

3 8

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Purpose: The present study was conducted to compare students’ entrance examination scores for a school and their grades following admission to discuss the methods for implementing screening tests and advice or guidance for students admitted to the school.Subjects and Methods: The subjects were students who took the general entrance examination for the Faculty of Medicine of Juntendo University and were admitted between 2004 and 2006. The entrance examination scores and academic performance were converted using a scale of one to 100, and Pearson’s product-moment correlation coefficient was calculated.Results: There were significant correlations between the English test scores for the entrance examination and academic performance in many subjects. On the other hand, there were non-significant negative correlations between the mathematics test scores for the entrance examination and academic performance in many other subjects.Conclusion: Students’ English test scores for the entrance examination are important since their academic performance following admission can be predicted from them. Students’ mathematics test scores for the entrance examination were negatively correlated with their academic performance in many subjects. Therefore, when students are provided with guidance for learning following admission, their mathematics scores should be taken into consideration.

著者

Tomohisa Mori Kazumi Yoshizawa Masahiro Shibasaki Tsutomu Suzuki

出版者

The Japanese Pharmacological Society

雑誌

Journal of Pharmacological Sciences (ISSN:13478613)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.120, no.2, pp.70-76, 2012 (Released:2012-10-19)

参考文献数

37

被引用文献数

5 8

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The subjective effects of drugs are related to the kinds of feelings they produce, such as euphoria or dysphoria. One of the methods that can be used to study these effects is the drug discrimination procedure. Many researchers are trying to elucidate the mechanisms that underlie the discriminative stimulus effects of abused drugs (e.g., alcohol, psychostimulants, and opioids). Over the past two decades, the patterns of drug abuse have changed, so that club/recreational drugs such as phencyclidine (PCP), 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), and ketamine, which induce perceptual distortions, like hallucinations, are now more commonly abused, especially in younger generations. However, the mechanisms of the discriminative stimulus effects of hallucinogenic drugs are not yet fully clear. This review will briefly focus on the recent findings regarding hallucinogenic/psychotomimetic drug–induced discriminative stimulus effects in animals. In summary, recent research has demonstrated that there are at least two plausible mechanisms that can explain the cue of the discriminative stimulus effects of hallucinogenic drugs; one is mediated mainly by 5-HT2 receptors, and the other is mediated through sigma-1 (σ1)-receptor chaperone regulated by endogenous hallucinogenic ligand.

著者

Kimio Higashiyama Yosuke Takeuchi Takayasu Yamauchi Satoshi Imai Junzo Kamei Yoshinori Yajima Minoru Narita Tsutomu Suzuki

出版者

The Pharmaceutical Society of Japan

雑誌

Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin (ISSN:09186158)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.5, pp.845-848, 2005 (Released:2005-05-01)

参考文献数

11

被引用文献数

11 14

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We previously reported that either (+)-matrine (matridin-15-one) or (+)-allomatrine (the C-6 epimer of matrine)-induced antinociceptive effect was attenuated by s.c. pretreatment with a κ-opioid receptor (KOR) antagonist nor-binaltorphimine (nor-BNI), indicating the critical role of KORs in antinociceptive effects induced by these alkaloids. In the present study, we found that i.c.v. administration of either (+)-matrine- or (+)-allomatrine induced antinociceptive effects in the mouse tail-flick and warm-plate test, whereas these alkaloids when given spinally failed to induce antinociception. In the guanosine-5′-O-(3-[35S]thio)trisphosphate ([35S]GTPγS) binding assay, we demonstrated that neither (+)-matrine nor (+)-allomatrine produced the stimulation of [35S]GTPγS binding in the membranes of the spinal cord, indicating that (+)-matrine- and (+)-allomatrine-induced supraspinal antinociceptive actions was not due to a direct stimulation of KORs by these alkaloids. Therefore, we next investigated the involvement of dynorphin A (1-17) release at the spinal or supraspinal site in (+)-matrine- or (+)-allomatrine-induced antinociception. The i.c.v. pretreatment with an antiserum against dynorphin A (1-17) could not affect the antinociceptive effect induced by s.c. treatment of (+)-matrine. In contrast, the s.c.-administered (+)-matrine- and (+)-allomatrine-induced antinociceptive effect was significantly attenuated by i.t. pretreatment of an antiserum against dynorphin A (1-17). The present data suggest that either (+)-matrine or (+)-allomatrine when given i.c.v. may stimulate the descending dynorphinergic neuron, resulting in the stimulation of KORs in the spinal cord, and this phenomenon in turn produces the antinociception in mice.