- 著者
- YOUICHI SATO TOSHIKATSU SHINKA ASHRAF A. EWIS AIKO YAMAUCHI TERUAKI IWAMOTO YUTAKA NAKAHORI
- 出版者
- The Anthropological Society of Nippon
- 雑誌
- Anthropological Science (ISSN:09187960)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.122, no.3, pp.131-136, 2014 (Released:2014-12-23)
- 参考文献数
- 19
- 被引用文献数
- 8 13
Japanese people are widely believed to be the descendants of the Jomon and Yayoi people. The dual-structure model, which attempts to explain the formation of the Japanese population, hypothesizes that the indigenous Jomon people migrated from the northern island of Hokkaido and the Ryukyu Islands to the other islands of Japan, where they resided before the Yayoi started to arrive in Kyushu (the westernmost main island of the Japanese archipelago) from the Korean peninsula. Regarding Y chromosome DNA polymorphisms, it is assumed that Jomon males frequently belong to haplogroups C or D, while Yayoi males frequently belong to haplogroup O. These findings suggest that the frequencies of haplogroup C, D, and O might differ between Hokkaido and northern Kyushu males and exhibit geographical gradients in Japan. However, the data of Y chromosome haplogroup frequencies in modern Japanese males is still limited. Here, we investigated whether the frequency of Y chromosome haplogroups differs between males from different regions of Japan. We recruited 2390 males from nine populations in seven cities in mainland Japan and typed their Y chromosome haplogroups. We did not detect any marked variability in the frequencies of these haplogroups among Japanese males, except for a difference between Nagasaki and Kawasaki students. In conclusion, modern Japanese males appear to be genetically homogenized in mainland Japan because of genetic drift and recent frequent gene flow.
- 著者
- Hozumi Tashima Yuka Endo Naoto Okada Shingen Nakamura Kumiko Kagawa Shiro Fujii Hirokazu Miki Keisuke Ishizawa Masahiro Abe Youichi Sato
- 出版者
- International Society of Personalized Medicne
- 雑誌
- Personalized Medicine Universe (ISSN:21864969)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.10, pp.1-6, 2021-12-01 (Released:2022-01-07)
- 参考文献数
- 9
Purpose: Cytarabine arabinoside (Ara-C) is an anti-metabolite that is commonly used as a therapeutic agent for acute leukemia; however, it can cause adverse drug reactions, such as digestive disorders, rashes, and fever. Therefore, identification of gene markers that can accurately predict the development of adverse drug reactions is useful for selecting effective drugs for therapy. After entering the cells, Ara-C is metabolized to Ara-C triphosphate, which inhibits DNA synthesis and exhibits antitumor activity. Therefore, we conducted an association study between the adverse reactions to cytarabine therapy and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in cytarabine metabolic genes.Methods: Among the patients treated with cytarabine at the Department of Hematology at Tokushima University Hospital, 46 patients provided informed consent and were included in this study. We selected 14 tag SNPs located in nine genes that are involved in the cytarabine metabolic pathway; these SNPs were genotyped using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) technique. Association analyses between adverse reactions to Ara-C therapy and SNPs were performed using logistic regression analysis.Results: The rs9394992 polymorphism in the SLC29A1 gene and rs3886768 polymorphism in the DCTD gene were associated with the development of rash after Ara-C therapy. The rs7277 polymorphism in the DCTD gene was associated with fever, and the rs16945930 polymorphism in the ABCC11 gene was associated with sore throat.Conclusions: Our findings suggest that SNPs in the Ara-C metabolic genes influence the development of adverse reactions to Ara-C, and the results suggest that these genes can be predictive of adverse reactions to Ara-C therapy.