- 著者
- Yuki Yamasaki Takaharu Hirayama Koichiro Oshima Seijiro Matsubara
- 出版者
- (社)日本化学会
- 雑誌
- Chemistry Letters (ISSN:03667022)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.33, no.7, pp.864-865, 2004 (Released:2004-06-14)
- 被引用文献数
- 10
Optically active secondary alkyl halides and sulfonates were treated with alkaline hydrothermal water at 250 °C in sealed vessel. The hydrolysis mostly proceeded with inversion of stereochemistry.
- 著者
- Eri Akita Yaxiaer Yalikun Kazunori Okano Yuki Yamasaki Misato Ohtani Yo Tanaka Taku Demura Yoichiroh Hosokawa
- 出版者
- Japanese Society for Plant Biotechnology
- 雑誌
- Plant Biotechnology (ISSN:13424580)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.37, no.4, pp.417-422, 2020-12-25 (Released:2020-12-25)
- 参考文献数
- 23
- 被引用文献数
- 1 4
Atomic force microscopy (AFM) can measure the mechanical properties of plant tissue at the cellular level, but for in situ observations, the sample must be held in place on a rigid support and it is difficult to obtain accurate data for living plants without inhibiting their growth. To investigate the dynamics of root cell stiffness during seedling growth, we circumvented these problems by using an array of glass micropillars as a support to hold an Arabidopsis thaliana root for AFM measurements without inhibiting root growth. The root elongated in the gaps between the pillars and was supported by the pillars. The AFM cantilever could contact the root for repeated measurements over the course of root growth. The elasticity of the root epidermal cells was used as an index of the stiffness. By contrast, we were not able to reliably observe roots on a smooth glass substrate because it was difficult to retain contact between the root and the cantilever without the support of the pillars. Using adhesive to fix the root on the smooth glass plane overcame this issue, but prevented root growth. The glass micropillar support allowed reproducible measurement of the spatial and temporal changes in root cell elasticity, making it possible to perform detailed AFM observations of the dynamics of root cell stiffness.