著者

北村 陽英 加藤 綾子

出版者

奈良教育大学

雑誌

奈良教育大学紀要. 自然科学 (ISSN:05472407)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.56, no.2, pp.21-28, 2007-10-31

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Among the cases under guidance for social withdrawal by the public health centers, 45% are said to have a history of past school non-attendance, and 31%, an academic standing of high school dropout. These figures imply the existence of many subjects with a history of extended non-attendance in high school, subsequent transfer or dropping out, culminating in eventual social withdrawal. To determine the process such students follow leading to social withdrawal, 116 cases of school non-attendance or dropouts with tendencies of social withdrawal among 17,211 high school students in 2004 were followed through reports from the‘yogo' or school healthcare teachers starting from when such students were attending school through August 2005. School non-attendance had been noted before entering high school in 20%, during the 1st year of high school in 51%, and the 2nd year of high school in 19%. Transfers and dropping out were most prominent in the 1st and 2nd years of high school, with the number of cases of school non-attendance, transfers, and dropouts falling in the 3rd (final) year of high school. This was taken to indicate that most such students appeared to have dropped or transferred out in the first two years of high school, with few remaining in school into the 3rd year. Interpersonal relationships were cited as the reason for school non-attendance by many, followed by familial circumstances of absence of caregivers in 33%, and excessive pressure from family in 21%. Diagnoses were established in only seven cases, but eating disorder, depression, and wrist cutting being noted at relatively high frequencies. In the first five months of 2005, 31% had dropped out, 21% had transferred, 22% were under treatment, 23% appeared to be heading toward recovery, and 4% had become fully reinstated in school. Although the course of students following transfer is unknown, given that the dropouts had for most part been non-attendant students in high school with a tendency of withdrawal, the course and prognosis of high school non-attendant students tending towards withdrawal cannot be considered good. Among the various types of school non-attendance, the apathetic non-attendance type is believed to be at high risk of non-attendance in high school, leading on to dropping out, and subsequent withdrawal from society and holing up within the home.