著者

李 美奈

出版者

東京大学文学部宗教学研究室

雑誌

東京大学宗教学年報 = ANNUAL REVIEW OF RELIGIOUS STUDIES (ISSN:02896400)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.34, pp.197-213, 2017-03-31

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During early modern period, the Jews in Italy became collectively mentioned in conducts (condotta) for settlement in Italian City-States, as well as in books written for Christians by Jews themselves, such as Historia dei riti Hebraici (L. Modena). On the other hand, the Jews in Italy varied considerably in customs, rites, and social status. How did they socially identify themselves within these multiple categories? This paper focuses on Leone Modena's identities in daily lives in the Venice ghetto, depicted in his autobiography. First, a general view on jewish settlement and regulation of them shows that condotta, which regulated the Jews under each city’s policy, invaded effects of halakhah or rabbinic judgement. A study on Modena's perspective on community in his autobiography demonstrates that he tended to recognize Jewish communities as homogeneous groups within each city, rather than as universal Jews or divided groups on customs. He formed self-identity as a part of the Venetian Jewish community, and pursued righteousness of communal rites and studies. His view was probably influenced by condotta, developed by negotiating with the Venetian city-state as a representative of the community and controlling communal people generally. The definition of condotta “Natione,” which originally occurred within international trades in Europe and was used by foreign merchant groups as a juridical personality, controlled its members and conformed a distinctive uniformity. It can be said that control under condotta developed a Jewish conceptual uniformity, and led Leone to search for righteousness, in other words “Jewishness”.