119 0 0 0 OA 持続可能性指標としての民主主義 --スウェーデンと日本での『理想の社会調査Part II』より--
- 著者
- 大橋 照枝 Terue Ohashi
- 出版者
- 麗澤大学経済学会
- 雑誌
- 麗澤経済研究 = Reitaku International Journal of Economic Studies (ISSN:09196706)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.17, no.2, pp.19-49, 2009-09-30
Sustainable welfare indicator HSM (Human Satisfaction Measure) including Triple bottom line (Society, Environment and Economy) was proposed by Ohashi in 2000 and developed from Ver. 1, Ver. 2-(1), Ver. 2-(2), Ver. 3-(1), Ver. 3-(2), Ver. 4, Ver. 5 with help of Dr. Hong Nguyen and Professor Nobuyuki Kimata.For the further development of HSM, Ohashi tried to introduce weighting research of 6 categories (Labor, Health, Education, Gender, Environment and Income) using AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process ) Method, conducted in Japan ( 2007 ), and Sweden ( 2008 ), named "Questionnaire on Ideal Society PartI".In the questionnaire Ohashi included one open-ended question " What is your Ideal Society?".Using the text mining software named True Teller of Nomura Research Institute, analyzing the open-ended answers of both countries to "words mapping", Ohashi found the interesting results. The keywords mutually found in both countries are " environmental consciousness" and "stability of life". The keywords appeared only in Japan is "no social gap" and only in Sweden "democracy", "equality" and "education".Democracy was considered as key factor of social sustainability from 19th century in Sweden.HSM is composed by triple bottom line : Society, environment and economy, as indispensable factor for social sustainability.But democracy is also important as healthy society.So, Ohashi conducted the research named "Questionnaire on Ideal Society Part II" in Sweden and Japan in May 2009.In the research , Ohashi included one open-ended question, "What kinds of aspects of Sweden do you like most?" in Swedish research, and "What kinds of aspects of Japan do you like most" in Japanese questionnaire.Analyzing the answer using True Teller as word mapping, the keywords appeared in both countries are quite different.In Sweden, "Democracy", "Freedom of speech" and "Equality" are the keywords of most favorite aspects of their country. In Japan, "Nature", "Environment", "The national character","Peace", and "Culture" are the aspects Japanese like most about their country.Swedish respondents love the foundation of country people depend upon, but Japanese love the aspect of software of their country and they don't aware the foundation through which they can enjoy peace, culture and so on.In Sweden, Social Democratic Party is established in 1889 as the first political party and it was the main party governing most of the political history and contributed forming the democratic and welfare society of Sweden.Japan, on the other hand, got democracy after the defeat of World War II with the help of GHQ (General Headquarters). Thus, Japanese have almost no history to endeavor to make democracy by their own.So there is some delay in democratic thinking in Japan comparing with Sweden, and it makes unhappy phenomena in Japanese society.Such findings Ohashi got the results of this research.Through the research, Ohashi concludes that in order to increase the HSM value of Japan,the key is to raise the consciousness of democracy in Japan.
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・スウェーデンと日本の持続可能性。「公平・公正」スウェーデン５５％、日本３．３％。「平等」ス３９％、日８．８％。「機会均等」ス４７％、日１２％。「正論が通用」ス４４％、日４．４％。「透明性」ス３２％、日３．３％。「いずれも達成なし」日本７６％ス２０％。４１https://t.co/oRmHy60YUp
・ＧＤＰへの批判。戦争・交通事故・自殺・離婚・環境破壊でも金銭的支払が生じればＧＤＰは増大する。家事・育児はＧＤＰに加算されない。０９年調査。https://t.co/oRmHy60YUp ＃国内総生産
・スウェーデンと日本の持続可能性。「公平・公正」スウェーデン５５％、日本３．３％。「平等」ス％、日８．８％。「機会均等」ス４７％、日１２％。「正論が通用」ス４４％、日４．４％。「透明性」ス３２％、日３．３％。「いずれも達成なし」日本７６％、ス２０％。４１https://t.co/oRmHy60YUp
https://t.co/K5Ba4OGqr6「叶えられている」比率：“公平・公正”日本9. 4％、スウェーデン55. 6％。“平等”日本8. 8％、 スウェーデン39. 3％。“機会均等”日本12. 5％、スウェーデン47. 1％。 “透明性”日本3. 3％、スウェーデン32. 3％、“正論が通用する”日本4. 4％、スウェーデン44. 1％