著者

竹内 真澄

出版者

桃山学院大学総合研究所

雑誌

桃山学院大学総合研究所紀要 = ST. ANDREW'S UNIVERSITY BULLETIN OF THE RESEARCH INSTITUTE (ISSN:1346048X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.47, no.1, pp.139-161, 2021-07-15

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The social contract theory is classified into two types: liberal and democratic. The firsttype is the theory of Hobbes and Locke and is based on the concept of <private man>. Thelatter is Rousseau’ theory based on the concept of <citoyen>. According to Rousseau,<citoyen> is the negation of <private man>.According to Rousseau, citoyen makes a civil society based on general will and not onparticular will. General will prioritizes amour-propre(self-love) over amour de soi(love ofself-interest). Here, Rousseau distinguishes self-preservation from self-interest.Therefore, human beings survive by making social contact. This means that they live inthe society based on public interest and not private interest.Also notable is the theoretical product of self-criticizing in European civilization. Rousseaurefers to the invasion of European people amongthe Caribbeans, wherein he discovered the natural situation of human beings in theCaribbean wherein they live in peace and pity.I examine the historical meaning of the risks pertaining to Rousseau’s theory becausethe Russian revolution seems to imitate the French revolution. Some ideas originate fromthe risks pertaining to Rousseau’ theory.