著者

成田 興史

出版者

一般財団法人 日本英文学会

雑誌

英文学研究 (ISSN:00393649)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.67, no.2, 1991

著者

成田 興史

出版者

一般財団法人 日本英文学会

雑誌

英文学研究 (ISSN:00393649)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.75, no.2, pp.336-337, 1998

著者

前川 玲子

出版者

一般財団法人 日本英文学会

雑誌

英文学研究 (ISSN:00393649)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.80, no.1, pp.67-71, 2003-09-30 (Released:2017-04-10)

著者

深町 弘三

出版者

一般財団法人 日本英文学会

雑誌

英文学研究 (ISSN:00393649)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.33, no.2, pp.267-287, 1957-03-30 (Released:2017-04-10)

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An attempt was made in this paper to elucidate some peculiarities of Swift's personal character by considering his relations with his female friends. The conclusions arrived at by the writer are, briefly, these: -that Swift sought for intellectual equals and companions of men in women; that 'friendship and esteem' was the theme he constantly harped upon to women, that in stead of the 'Prostitute' he tried to find in women, especially in Stella, the 'Mother' and the 'Child', and that in his delineation of Glumdalclitch in a Voyage to Brobdingnag of Gulliver's Travels we find unconsciously reflected his pathetic yearning after his beloved Stella.

著者

中村 紘一

出版者

一般財団法人 日本英文学会

雑誌

英文学研究 (ISSN:00393649)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.86, pp.71-76, 2009-11-20 (Released:2017-04-10)

著者

SANKI ICHIKAWA

出版者

The English Literary Society of Japan

雑誌

英文学研究 (ISSN:00393649)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, no.2, pp.165-208, 1928-04-15 (Released:2017-04-10)

著者

山口 秀夫

出版者

一般財団法人 日本英文学会

雑誌

英文学研究 (ISSN:00393649)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.53, no.1-2, pp.226-232, 1976-12-01 (Released:2017-04-10)

著者

酒井 善孝

出版者

一般財団法人 日本英文学会

雑誌

英文学研究 (ISSN:00393649)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, no.2, pp.246-253, 1941-07-30 (Released:2017-04-10)

著者

大熊 栄

出版者

一般財団法人 日本英文学会

雑誌

英文学研究 (ISSN:00393649)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.56, no.2, pp.390-394, 1979-12-01 (Released:2017-04-10)

著者

川島 健

出版者

一般財団法人 日本英文学会

雑誌

英文学研究 (ISSN:00393649)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.86, pp.1-16, 2009

著者

乾 亮一

出版者

一般財団法人日本英文学会

雑誌

英文學研究 (ISSN:00393649)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, no.2, pp.325-327, 1959-03

著者

巽 孝之

出版者

一般財団法人 日本英文学会

雑誌

英文学研究 (ISSN:00393649)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.67, no.1, pp.125-129, 1990-09-30 (Released:2017-04-10)

著者

駒村 利夫

出版者

一般財団法人 日本英文学会

雑誌

英文学研究 (ISSN:00393649)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, no.2, pp.117-127, 1970

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<p>Robert Lee Frost (1874-1963) depicts like Hesiod's 'chaos' what we ourselves were in "Too Anxious for Rivers," and says that the universe' the world, we, and the mind are the same in roundness in "Build Soil." Chaos and roundness being seemingly contradictory, I feel Aristotle's or Emerson's circular philosophy, and Frost's 'soul-from-soul abyss' ("A Missive Missile"), and get conscious of the vacuity as if a halo seen frequently in Frost's poetry. But a sympathetic correspondence going forth and back through this vacancy often indicates Frost's dual trend rather than the inconsistency or shyness of his thought. It may be said that, in particular, though the metaphor of "Fire and Ice" looks incoherent at a glance, he succeeds in unifying it very intelligently. The hesitation of 'passive' Frost, who has momentarily been absorbed in the aphorism reminiscent of Heraclitus, changes into 'intentional' awakening accompanied with a supposition; to Frost, man is at once a circulating existence and there is a limit to time extention-this disillusionment makes me feel instantly Pascal's discontinuity pointed out by T. S. Eliot, but Frost does not reveal so earnest a desire to enter religion as to desert the self and says it is intention, purpose and design that let man near divinity. It may be mentioned, therefore, that his stumbling denotes a conflict between passive recognition and original response, as confined in 'a pair of dauntless wings ' ("Bond and Free"). This I call Frostian duality, which is not grasped in Emerson with whom Frost gives the impression of having agreed in circularity. Fire and ice here cannot be shifted to life and death immediately, but "Provide, Provide" has the same hypothetic construction: to Frost, life is carried out in the hypothesis of death which happens in the contingency of life. Prepared to admit that the contingency of life is inevitable, he tries to make this inevitability meaningful. But he does not by force, but sometimes shows daily experience, as in "'Out, Out-'" and "Home Burial," symmetrically constructed each. Besides, Frost, with more brutal apathy than in these two poems, deals with death in "The Death of the Hired Man," and his dialogue of the 'home' gives a deeper feeling than nostalgia. Such the dramatic construction of Frost, who offers how importan the 'home' is in life and death, develops a genuine insight into the resemblance of the position of the 'home' in daily life to the relationship of the 'soul' to the flesh. Frost expounds in "Kitty Hawk" that spirit enters flesh, and that it charges into earth, which may signify the 'underground' ("Hyla Brook") of the flesh, ever fresh and fresh, and suggests his 'evolution' ("Education by Poetry") or Bergson's 'creative evolution.' Thoreau's 'pond' symbolized the 'earth's eye,' and he, analogous to Emerson, saw the soul in the eye, but Frost squeezes the site of his 'soul' into man's brain and likens it to the micrographic picture of the 'tree' ("A Never Naught Song"), I think, and seems to approach science rather than religion. Having receded from such the so-called positivism, however, he lays emphasis upon the importance of metaphor, and appeals a mystic insight as Bergson or Blake. I perceive the dualism of a circular 'microcosm' in this 'tree' participating in the current of life, which, Frost says, renders nil the whole Yggdrasil. But 'something like' which controls the waves of life is a mystery; Frost's 'spirit' walking alone like Crabbe's dreamy world, of which he will not</p><p>(View PDF for the rest of the abstract.)</p>

著者

豊田 昌倫

出版者

一般財団法人 日本英文学会

雑誌

英文学研究 (ISSN:00393649)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.47, no.2, pp.239-250, 1971

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In Iris Murdock's novel, A Severed Head, Chaps. 14 and 10, there occur the following sentences: She stared back evenly, unsmiling, but with a candour and a presence more telling than any smile. I gave her back a steady unsmiling stare, and felt pleasure at the idea of surprising her, rewarding her, with my better love. The comparison clearly indicates that the nominal construction, give a stare, and the full verb, stare, are in the 'associative' relationship, or the relationship of opposition, mutually exclusive in a given context. Thus the opposition between the nominal construction, consisting of give (have, make, take, etc.) +a noun, and the full verb, is indeed one of the verbal selective categories, and a speaker or writer is to make a 'binary choice' between the two possible expressions. With an adequate periphrasis, as is often pointed out, the nominal construction is able to meet any situation and is often observed to its advantage in present-day English. In his stimulating System der neuenglischen Syntax Max Deutschbein maintains that a tendency toward 'nominale Ausdruckweise' of English makes itself strongly felt in the sixteenth century, in contrast to Middle English whose 'innere Sprachform' is entirely 'zustandlich' and therewith 'verbal'. However, the analytic construction, which dates from Old English, is not of infrequent occurrence in Middle English and it performs its meaningful function, opposed to the full verb, as is shown by the quotations from Thomas Malory's The Book of Sir Tristram de Lyones: ...and ever that knyght made a dolefull complaynte as evir made knyght, and allways he complayned of La Beale Isode, the quene of Cornwayle...(X, 14.) '... so that ye woll kepe my counceyle and lette no creature have knowlech that I shall juste but yourself and suche as ye woll to kepe youre counceyle, my poure person shall [I] jouparte there for youre sake, that peradventure sir Palomydes shall know whan that I com.' (VIII, 9.) though in the case of the combination, make mencion, for instance, the corresponding full verb is really non-existent, thereby the construction being neutralized, so to speak. Apparently the employment of the nominal construction in Middle English is greatly affected by the corresponding French idiomatic usage and a number of constructions are in fact the mere 'calques' of French phrases. Despite Deutschbein's assertion, the nominal construction is thus significantly employed in Middle English, and in the modern period it is often used in preference to the full verb, since the construction is in accordance with the tendency of Modern English to place an operator before the word of higher semantic import.

著者

伊藤 章

出版者

一般財団法人 日本英文学会

雑誌

英文学研究 (ISSN:00393649)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.89, pp.131-135, 2012-12-01 (Released:2017-04-10)

著者

加藤 孝

出版者

一般財団法人 日本英文学会

雑誌

英文学研究 (ISSN:00393649)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.2, pp.153-178, 1951

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In 1841 Macaulay began to write his History of England, the plan of which had long been in his mind. He worked at it with great assiduity and delight, till in 1848 the first two, and in 1855 the next two volumes appeared. The work met instant applause of the reading public. The extraoridinary success of this history is chiefly due to the fact that it well suited the self-complacent mentality of the middle classes. The fundamental idea underlying History of England is this: the unprecedented power and prosperity of the 19th century England (and especially of the middle classes) is the direct outcome of the whig revolution of 1688, which established once for all the supremacy of the Commons over the Crown. Written from this viewpoint, his portaiture of historical figures is not always impartial, as in the case of Strafford. Contrary to his original intention, his history stopped at the death of William III. However, his various essays and speeches connected with English history clearly show that the subsequent development of English politics was viewed by him in the light of the unfolding and realisation of the whig principles. The culmination of this growth was to him the Reform Act of 1832. He was then the champion of the rising middle classes. Since 1832 he resolutely opposed any further suffrage extention as endangering the Constitution and the principle of property. Therein he was at one with conservatives of the time such as Carlyle. According to him the principle of property is the foundation of all civilisations. Hence his repugnance to Jacobinism as is shown in his criticism of the French Revolution, and hence also his opposition to the introduction of universal suffrage, as is shown in his speeches on the occasion of Chartist petitions. Hindered by this one-sided view of history, he completely failed to foresee the later growth of English democracy in the second half of the 19th century. His early surroundings were not necessarily whiggish, but his education at Cambridge and his connection with the Holland House and the Edinburgh Review determined his subsequent political outlook and made of him a great historian of the bourgeois classes.

著者

菊池 亘

出版者

一般財団法人日本英文学会

雑誌

英文學研究 (ISSN:00393649)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.3, pp.337-353, 1951-07-30

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In this century, Keats's humanism has been gradually (understood by the critics. But there are singularly few criticisms which are of assistance to the appreciation of beauty in Keats. My object in writing this essay is an attempt to make clear beauty as he conceived. Coming face to face with this difficult question, almost every one is perhaps perplexed, because Keats did not give any systematic explanation about beauty. Keats did not show a very deep interest in fine arts and music. His sense of beauty was cultivated exclusively by his study of the classics of the English, Latin and Greek poets. Especially, he respected Shakespeare till his death. He said in one of his letters, " ... thank God I can read, and perhaps understand Shakespeare to his depths." (to J. Taylor, 27 Feb. 1818). As we can know by these words, his attitude of Negative Capability was learned from Shakespeare. What is more important, we must understand his humanism, which is clearly shown by his words, "All I hope is, that I may not lose all interest in human affairs." (to R. Woodhouse, 27 Oct. 1818) In this essay, the question of beauty in Keats is treated with reference to his humanism and attitude as poet. Beauty as he conceived can be explained from many sides, but, after all, the sublime humanity, represented in many forms, can be said beauty, which has quality of truth. Perhaps we may say that the supreme beauty seized by the young poet is symbolic of the sublimity of human sufferings. He lived both aesthetic and humanistic life. He devoted himself to poetry to the end of his life, and the dearest wish of his heart, O for ten years, that I may overwhelm Myself in poesy. (Sleep and Poetry, II. 96-7) was not carried out at last on account of his sickness.

著者

毛利 可信

出版者

一般財団法人 日本英文学会

雑誌

英文学研究 (ISSN:00393649)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.63, no.1, pp.207-212, 1986-09-01 (Released:2017-04-10)

著者

松浦 嘉一

出版者

一般財団法人 日本英文学会

雑誌

英文学研究 (ISSN:00393649)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, no.2, pp.303-305, 1930-04-30 (Released:2017-04-10)

出版者

一般財団法人 日本英文学会

雑誌

英文学研究 (ISSN:00393649)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, no.2, pp.340-345, 1932 (Released:2017-04-10)