著者

Shota Miyoshi Wataru Ohnishi Takafumi Koseki Motoki Sato

出版者

The Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan

雑誌

IEEJ Journal of Industry Applications (ISSN:21871094)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, no.6, pp.1114-1126, 2023-11-01 (Released:2023-11-01)

参考文献数

32

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Boost converters are key components of DC power conversion used for electric mobility and renewable energy applications. In addition to constant voltage control of the output, variable voltage control has been attracting attention in recent years for high-efficiency drive of loads. However, the dynamic characteristics of boost converters exhibit nonlinear and nonminimum phase characteristics. Therefore, the inverse model for feedforward control is unstable, making high-precision voltage trajectory tracking control challenging. This study aims to present a noncausal and nonlinear feedforward controller to compensate for the nonlinear and nonminimum phase characteristics of the boost converter and to achieve perfect tracking control with respect to the output voltage trajectory. This study also establishes a method for identifying circuit parameters and deriving the time length of noncausal control input for practical implementation. The effectiveness of this control method is demonstrated by experiments using a boost converter.

著者

Yudai Funaki Keiji Wada

出版者

The Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan

雑誌

IEEJ Journal of Industry Applications (ISSN:21871094)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.22006323, (Released:2022-12-02)

被引用文献数

3

---

SiC devices are potential future power devices because of their higher switching speed and lower ON resistance than those of Si devices. Research and development efforts to apply them in medium- and large-capacity power conversion circuits are underway. However, SiC power devices in TO packages, which are general-purpose packages, are difficult to apply in high-current applications owing to their low current ratings. Therefore, increasing the capacity of power devices by connecting them in parallel is being studied. However, the current imbalance during switching due to the differences in device characteristics and variations in parasitic inductance is problem. This study proposed a current-balancing procedure focused on the parasitic inductances around power devices and gate drive circuit implementation. The proposed method was verified by conducting double-pulse tests at 300 V and 200 A.

著者

Masataka Minami Honoka Fukutani Shin-ichi Motegi Masakazu Michihira

出版者

The Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan

雑誌

IEEJ Journal of Industry Applications (ISSN:21871094)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.L22000777, (Released:2022-09-30)

被引用文献数

4

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Unbalanced parameters of the parasitic components in a three-phase inverter cause unbalanced losses in the device. This research focuses on equalizing the device's losses for an unbalanced three-phase inverter. This letter proposes a novel two-phase (2Φ) PWM scheme that uses the variable switching pause period. This letter numerically equalizes the device's losses for the unbalanced three-phase inverter.

著者

Maarten Steinbuch Tom Oomen Hans Vermeulen

出版者

The Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan

雑誌

IEEJ Journal of Industry Applications (ISSN:21871094)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.21006010, (Released:2021-08-06)

被引用文献数

12

---

Technology in a broad sense is driven by developments in semiconductor technology, particularly with respect to the computational power of devices and systems, as well as sensor technology. The progress of semiconductor technology has demonstrated an exponential curve since the middle of the previous century, representing Moore's Law. Consequently, it is of utmost importance to bridge the gaps between disciplines in the fields of control, automation, and robotics. Moreover, data-driven approaches need to be combined with model-based design. This will lead to new digital twinning and automated design approaches that provide major opportunities. Furthermore, this necessitates the redefinition of our university system.

著者

Kenji Sato Hirokazu Kato Takafumi Fukushima

出版者

The Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan

雑誌

IEEJ Journal of Industry Applications (ISSN:21871094)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, no.4, pp.402-410, 2021-07-01 (Released:2021-07-01)

参考文献数

20

被引用文献数

21

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This paper overviews a traction system for Tokaido Shinkansen trains and presents a novel silicon carbide (SiC)-applied traction system of the new generation Shinkansen train, “N700S”, which began commercial service in the summer of 2020. To achieve compactness and weight reduction, N700S's traction system aimed to take advantage of the merits of SiC devices, which have a lower power loss, higher frequency, and a higher current than Si devices, not only in the conversion system but also in the entire traction system. This weight reduction and compactness allowed for flexibility in the design of underfloor equipment of the car body and enabled the realization of a lithium-ion battery self-traction system that could operate catenary-free at low speeds in the event of a power outage. It also contributed toward achieving flexibility by the easy redesign of different configurations of trains such as 8-car or 12-car sets rather than the standard 16-car trains used for the Tokaido Shinkansen, the concept of which is referred to as the “Standardized Shinkansen train”. The continuous introduction of energy-saving Shinkansen trains including N700S has also led to a decrease in Tokaido Shinkansen's energy consumption. This is the first application of an SiC device and a lithium-ion battery to a high-speed train's traction system in the world.

著者

Kyo Kutsuzawa Sho Sakaino Toshiaki Tsuji

出版者

The Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan

雑誌

IEEJ Journal of Industry Applications (ISSN:21871094)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.9, no.5, pp.505-514, 2020-09-01 (Released:2020-09-01)

参考文献数

22

被引用文献数

4

---

The robots used in our daily lives come in contact with the environment not only directly, but also through grasped objects and tools. In such cases, the shape of the grasped objects could be unknown or uncertain; thus, the shape must be estimated using information about the contact. However, previous studies could not estimate the shape of the grasped objects without knowledge about the contact environment. In this study, unscented particle filters were used to estimate the contact positions, contact forces, and shape of the tools, simultaneously. In addition, we verified that the proposed method can estimate these characteristics by measuring the force and torque in the robots.

著者

Shotaro Takahashi Keiji Wada Hideki Ayano Satoshi Ogasawara Toshihisa Shimizu

出版者

The Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan

雑誌

IEEJ Journal of Industry Applications (ISSN:21871094)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.21006800, (Released:2021-08-13)

被引用文献数

11

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The switching frequency of power converters is continuing to increase with the demand for their increased power density. Therefore, the frequency band of the electromagnetic interference (EMI) generated by power converters ranges from several kilohertz to 100 MHz or more, thereby increasing the importance of EMI countermeasures in power converters. In addition, with the practical applications of smart grids and microgrids and the introduction of 5G technology, cases wherein power converters and information communication devices are placed in close proximity are continuing to increase. Thus, in societies wherein power converters and information communication devices are highly integrated, it is necessary to ensure electromagnetic compatibility based on a different concept. This paper presents a review on modeling and suppression techniques for the EMI generated by power converters and discusses future prospects in this field.

著者

Tetsuro Akagawa Sho Sakaino

出版者

The Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan

雑誌

IEEJ Journal of Industry Applications (ISSN:21871094)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, no.1, pp.26-32, 2023-01-01 (Released:2023-01-01)

参考文献数

27

被引用文献数

2

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Recent research in the field of robotics has primarily focused on motion generation methods using imitation learning to adapt to various environments. Human-level speed motion can be imitated by combining imitation learning with bilateral control. In this approach, prediction errors accumulate in the leader because this method requires a leader state that does not exist during autonomous operation. This issue is caused by the low-frequency prediction error of the leader's responses during autonomous operation. Therefore, this paper describes a training model for predicting a leader's state by eliminating low-frequency prediction errors during autonomous operations. The proposed training model predicts the high-frequency state of the leader-follower differential. Because the low-frequency of the leader is not included in the information input and output of the proposed training model, the low frequency prediction error of the leader does not occur during autonomous operation. During our analysis, while writing letters on a paper on a slope, the previous training model failed to write letters when the paper position moved away from the robot. By contrast, only the proposed training model achieved writing at all positions in the experiment.

著者

Yuki Shimizu Shigeo Morimoto Masayuki Sanada Yukinori Inoue

出版者

The Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan

雑誌

IEEJ Journal of Industry Applications (ISSN:21871094)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, no.5, pp.554-563, 2021-09-01 (Released:2021-09-01)

参考文献数

19

被引用文献数

7

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Interior permanent magnet synchronous motors (IPMSMs) have been widely used as traction motors in electric vehicles. Finite element analysis is commonly used to design IPMSMs but is highly time-intensive. To shorten the design period for IPMSMs, various surrogate models have been constructed to predict relevant characteristics, and they have been used in the optimization of IPMSM geometry. However, to date, no surrogate models have been able to accurately predict the characteristics over the wide speed range required for automotive applications. Herein, we propose a method for accurately predicting the speed-torque characteristics of an IPMSM by using machine learning techniques. To improve the prediction accuracy, we set the motor parameters as the prediction target of the machine learning methods. We then used the trained surrogate model and a real-coded genetic algorithm to minimize the volume of the permanent magnet and showed that the design time can be significantly reduced compared with the case where only finite element analysis is used.

著者

Masato Kobayashi Naoki Motoi

出版者

The Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan

雑誌

IEEJ Journal of Industry Applications (ISSN:21871094)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.9, no.4, pp.331-340, 2020-07-01 (Released:2020-07-01)

参考文献数

15

被引用文献数

2 3

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This paper proposes a hybrid control of trajectory planning for a desired trajectory and collision avoidance based on an optimization problem for a wheeled mobile robot. In the proposed method, the priority of trajectory planning for the desired trajectory and collision avoidance is modified using the priority variable α. The priority variable α is designed by solving the optimization problem with constraints. As a constraint condition, the range of the priority variable α where the robot does not collide with multiple obstacles is derived. Under this constraint condition, the priority variable α with the highest priority of trajectory planning for the desired trajectory is selected as the optimal value. As a result, the velocity commands considering trajectory planning for the desired trajectory and collision avoidance are calculated in real time. The effectiveness of the proposed method is confirmed via experimental results.

著者

Kyosuke Shimo Keiji Wada

出版者

The Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan

雑誌

IEEJ Journal of Industry Applications (ISSN:21871094)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.22000978, (Released:2022-08-12)

被引用文献数

1

---

Magnetization reversal motors (MRMs) have been proposed as motors with lower power losses. MRMs comprise the same configuration as interior permanent magnet synchronous motors; however, a low coercive force core is applied to the stator. Driving an MRM requires a pulse current for magnetizing the stator core. In this paper, a bipolar pulse current magnetizer is proposed for driving MRMs Moreover, the relationship between passive components is reported in terms of voltage, current, and circuit constant. Finally, this paper presents experimental verification of the proposed magnetizer using an inductive load to simulate a single phase of an MRM.

著者

Manabu Horiuchi Ryoken Masuda Yinggang Bu Masami Nirei Mitsuhide Sato Tsutomu Mizuno

出版者

The Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan

雑誌

IEEJ Journal of Industry Applications (ISSN:21871094)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.11, no.1, pp.49-58, 2022-01-01 (Released:2022-01-01)

参考文献数

21

被引用文献数

8

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An interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) is characterized by high efficiency in a wide range of applications. However, when operating at high speeds, torque ripple and rotor loss occur because of the spatial harmonics generated by fluctuations in the airgap permeance. This study demonstrates the suppression of torque ripple and harmonic loss by magnetic wedges using finite element analysis (FEA). First, the authors examined the torque and loss characteristics by varying the slot opening width and relative permeability of the magnetic wedge. Results indicate that the torque ripple can be suppressed even if the opening width is widened to half the slot pitch. However, this improvement effect saturates when the relative permeability of the magnetic wedge becomes larger than µr = 10. Furthermore, the authors confirmed the effect of the magnetic wedge by visualizing the harmonic components of the eddy current loss. The findings reveal that the eddy current loss represents a trade-off between the stator and rotor when using the magnetic wedge.

著者

Koji Orikawa Satoshi Ogasawara Masatsugu Takemoto Jun-ichi Itoh

出版者

The Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan

雑誌

IEEJ Journal of Industry Applications (ISSN:21871094)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, no.3, pp.370-376, 2021-05-01 (Released:2021-05-01)

参考文献数

20

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This paper proposes a 2.5MHz high-frequency output inverter based on a frequency multiplying technique with a multi-core transformer using Mn-Zn ferrite materials. The upper limit of the operation frequency for these materials is lower than the output frequency of 2.5MHz. First, the operation principle of the proposed circuit is explained. Second, a difficulty of using Mn-Zn for transformers at the frequency of 2.5MHz is discussed. Third, a numerical analysis shows that the proposed circuit can output the frequency over the upper limit of the operation frequency of Mn-Zn ferrite. Finally, through continuous operation, where the proposed circuit outputs approximately 650W, it is experimentally confirmed that Mn-Zn ferrite can be used without large iron loss at the output frequency of 2.5MHz. Thus, the proposed circuit can overcome the difficulty of using Mn-Zn for transformers at the frequency of 2.5MHz.

著者

Kenji Sato Hirokazu Kato Takafumi Fukushima

出版者

The Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan

雑誌

IEEJ Journal of Industry Applications (ISSN:21871094)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.9, no.4, pp.453-459, 2020-07-01 (Released:2020-07-01)

参考文献数

8

被引用文献数

1 17

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This paper presents the development of a traction system for high-speed trains by adopting SiC power devices to pursue weight reduction and compactness of the system. We found that the combination of the SiC applied conversion system with a blower-less cooling system and 6-pole induction motors is a suitable approach to highlight the merits of SiC devices. The running tests of a prototype were conducted to confirm its sound performances. The developed traction system is installed in the latest type of Shinkansen train, or the Series N700S, which debuted in March 2018 and will enter commercial service in the summer of 2020. This SiC application to the high-speed train's traction system is the first in the world.

著者

Sho Sakaino Tomoya Kitamura Naoto Mizukami Toshiaki Tsuji

出版者

The Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan

雑誌

IEEJ Journal of Industry Applications (ISSN:21871094)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, no.2, pp.124-133, 2021-03-01 (Released:2021-03-01)

参考文献数

47

被引用文献数

4

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In functional electrical stimulation, the time delay between an input voltage and the corresponding muscle force is a significant issue. This study revealed that the joint angle/voltage relationship can be modeled as a fourth-order system. This enables the inclusion of a time delay in the high-order phase delay of the force/voltage relationship, which may lead to delay recovery using a suitable controller. Accordingly, a full state feedback controller is proposed in this study, to recover the phase delays. Jerk measurement is mandatory for full state feedback controllers owing to the joint the fourth-order joint angle/voltage relationship. This issue can be solved by the recent development of high-resolution encoders. Finally, the validity of the proposed method was verified experimentally.

著者

Shunichi Sakurai Seiichiro Katsura

出版者

The Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan

雑誌

IEEJ Journal of Industry Applications (ISSN:21871094)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.23003740, (Released:2023-12-08)

---

Parallel robots with closed-loop kinematic chains have been used in industrial applications. They exhibit superior precision, stiffness, and operating speed than serial robots owing to their mechanical architecture. However, parallel robots demonstrate static singularity unique to parallel mechanisms, which further impede their application. Static singularity is caused by passive joints included in the mechanism. In this study, a 3-leg 6-DOF spatial parallel robot with actuation redundancy and its statics are analyzed. The analysis indicates that static singularity does not occur if actuation redundancy is properly introduced. This analysis is based on the decomposition of force transmission in the robot. Experimental results show that precise trajectory tracking and stable contact are achieved by virtue of the actuation redundancy. This study opens new avenues for the application of parallel robots.

著者

Suzuka Sasayama Yuki Shimizu Shigeo Morimoto Yukinori Inoue Masayuki Sanada

出版者

The Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan

雑誌

IEEJ Journal of Industry Applications (ISSN:21871094)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.22007240, (Released:2023-01-13)

被引用文献数

1

---

Interior permanent magnet synchronous motors (IPMSMs) are used for various applications and high efficiency control is required. Maximum torque per ampere (MTPA) control is a method to control IPMSMs with high efficiency. However, since the motor parameters vary with magnetic saturation, MTPA control cannot be easily realized. Here in, we propose a fully online and automatic MTPA control method. To find the MTPA point while driving the motor, it is necessary to predict the entire flux linkage surface. Therefore, the flux linkage surface is approximated by a plane from the sensor information at a specific current condition that considers the effect of magnetic cross-saturation. MTPA control is achieved using the estimated flux linkage plane and the gradient ascent method. The simulation results reveal that the torque maximized in two search periods, which was completed in 0.06 s. The proposed method is effective for a wide current range.

著者

Kota Teramoto Kiyoshi Ohishi Takahiro Kondo Shingo Makishima Keiichi Uezono Shinobu Yasukawa

出版者

The Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan

雑誌

IEEJ Journal of Industry Applications (ISSN:21871094)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.3, no.1, pp.75-85, 2014-01-01 (Released:2014-01-01)

参考文献数

25

被引用文献数

3 7

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Trains require high deceleration and stable traveling performance. Improvement in adhesion characteristics is, thus, very important for electric trains. We have previously proposed an anti-slip/skid re-adhesion control system that is based on a disturbance observer and possesses a high adhesion force utilization ratio. In the present work, we focus on the deceleration mode. Generally, a train has an electric regenerative brake (electric brake) and an air brake (mechanical brake). Under wet railway track conditions, the regenerative brake may be suspended because of the air brake response. This paper proposes a regenerative brake priority control and an electro-pneumatic blended braking control based on an estimated adhesion coefficient. Furthermore, this paper evaluates and discusses regenerative brake priority control using numerical simulations.

著者

Takashi Yamada Kazuki Semba Hiroyuki Sano Yusaku Suzuki

出版者

The Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan

雑誌

IEEJ Journal of Industry Applications (ISSN:21871094)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, no.1, pp.1-11, 2023-01-01 (Released:2023-01-01)

参考文献数

32

---

This paper presents simulation based design (SBD), which is an indispensable technique, particularly for emerging advanced machine developments. This makes the support of SBD a requirement for Computer-Aided Engineering (CAE) tools.While experience plays a crucial role in conventional CAE, in SBD, the design is created solely via simulations to achieve a highly optimal design with high reliability. SBD primarily relies on large scale optimizations with a vast design space and on solving large scale problems for virtual prototyping. Both require high computation power, however large computations result in better designs. Therefore, an SBD tool is expected to motivate and inspire users to aggressively use the latest computational power, instead of minimizing simulations.Unlike conventional CAE, SBD workflow is not a simple waterfall type, instead, it adopts a multi-perspective iterative process to effectively improve the design. The workflow in practice is primarily dictated by the tool. If the necessary functions are divided into multiple tools, the workflow will also be divided, which negatively affects iterations. The tool is expected to integrate the functions into one environment and encourage users to perform an adequate number of iterations in multi-perspective studies.The implementation of SBD is demonstrated via practical examples, and the expected functionality of an SBD tool is discussed.

著者

Taisei Shinagawa Kiyoshi Ohishi Kodai Abe Yuki Yokokura

出版者

The Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan

雑誌

IEEJ Journal of Industry Applications (ISSN:21871094)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, no.1, pp.45-53, 2023-01-01 (Released:2023-01-01)

参考文献数

16

被引用文献数

2

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In an electrolytic capacitor-less inverter, source current harmonics are caused by LC-circuit resonance, and the source power factor deteriorates. Therefore, an inverter must reduce harmonics control without additional circuits. This paper proposes a source current control method to reduce source current harmonics in a three-phase to three-phase electrolytic capacitor-less inverter of a permanent magnet synchronous motor drive. The proposed method consists of a source current control using the full-state feedbacks of a LC-resonance state observer. The validity of the proposed method is confirmed through experimental results.