著者

上谷 香陽

出版者

文教大学

雑誌

文教大学国際学部紀要 = Journal of the Faculty of International Studies (ISSN:09173072)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.23, no.1, pp.1-14, 2012-07-01

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This paper considers girl zines as feminist alternative media. Girl zines were participatory media produced through grass roots feminist movement in US in 1990s. In following discussion, I review American girl’s cultural creating activities in relation to the history of modernization and industrialization in US and gender norms. In so doing I examine the difference between consumer oriented girl’s “bedroom culture” and girl zine’s culture. Through these considerations, this paper tries to understand the problematic posed by this young feminist movement in the 1990s. Following the study of Stephen Duncombe, Chapter 2 discusses the defi nition of zines, their origin and their main concerns. Chapter 3, following the study of US girl culture by Mary Celest Kearney, locates girl ziens within US history of girl’s cultural creating activities. Chapter4 and 5 analyze the relation between girl zines and feminist movement in US since 1970s. This paper suggests that girl zines don’t simply mean zines made by girls. Rather, they are alternative media for women who demonstrate the unconformity against dominant values in modern society, such as male-centrism, hetero-sexism, white-centrism and consumer capitalism. Based on punk’s DIY ethos and feminism, girl zines challenge mainstream girl culture, “bedroom culture”, which is lead by corporate culture industries. At the same time girl zines are the site where girls explore what does it mean to be an American girl or American woman.

著者

上谷 香陽

出版者

文教大学

雑誌

文教大学国際学部紀要 = Journal of the Faculty of International Studies (ISSN:09173072)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.25, no.2, pp.1-15, 2015-01-01

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This paper reconsiders Yumiko Ehara’s examination on a series of discussions in the Japanese women’s movement since 1970s, to explore sociological implication of the issue raised by her. Through critical investigation into these discussions, Ehara articulated certain kind of diffi culty that might be found out even today in our discussions of social problems about gender inequality. In rereading Ehara’s examination, this paper suggests that change of people’s lifestyle and change of society are related to change of discourses in and through which our everyday life has been organized. In order to produce new discourses, we have to unravel the interconnection of various concepts in our everyday language use activities and reorganize them in a new way. Ehara’s concept of “Kenryoku-sayo” means regulatory power of discourses that prevents us from unraveling and reorganizing such interconnection of concepts related to gender. Based on Ehara’s examination, this paper suggests that such discoursive power not only regulates our everyday life but also is activated in and through our own everyday language use activities.

著者

齊藤 功高

出版者

文教大学

雑誌

文教大学国際学部紀要 = Journal of the Faculty of International Studies (ISSN:09173072)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.26, no.1, pp.47-65, 2015-07-01

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The military dictatorship ruled Brazil over a period of approximately 20 years from 1964 to 1985. Meanwhile, a number of human rights violations were carried out by the military regime. Were those of human rights violations settled in the period of transition to the democratic regime from the military regime? The 1979 Amnesty Law which was enacted as a temporary result in the reconciliation of Brazilian society has now become an obstacle to the settlement of human rights violations. Brazil’s Supreme Court judged the Amnesty Law as constitutional in 2010. However, the Amnesty Law did not conform to the Inter-American Convention on Human Rights according to the judgment of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights, which was issued in the same year. Therefore, first, I will outline the actuality of human rights violations under the military regime. Second, I will describe the content of the 1979 Amnesty Law and what effect it has on the Brazilian society. Third, I will discuss the movement of relief for the human rights violations that took place under the military regime in the transitional period through the truth commission. Fourth, I will examine what degree of influence the activities of the Inter-American Human Rights Commission and the judgment of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights have had in the country of Brazil. As a conclusion, I will mention that the activities to overcome the defects of the Amnesty Law have begun in Brazil.

著者

上谷 香陽

出版者

文教大学

雑誌

文教大学国際学部紀要 = Journal of the Faculty of International Studies (ISSN:09173072)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.24, no.1, pp.1-16, 2013-07-01

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This paper considers the relationship between third wave feminism and girl zines through reading Alison Piepmeier’s Girl Zines : Making Media, Doing Feminism. According to Piepmeier, girl zines and third wave feminism respond to the same world, and girl zines are mechanism in which third wave feminists articulate theory and create community. Following her study, this paper tries to reveal third wave feminism in and through girl zines. Chapter 1 explains Piepmeider’s view on girl’s studies and third wave feminism. Chapter 2 locates girl ziens within the history of participatory media of US feminism since 19th century. Chapter 3 examines some characteristics of girl zine’s visual style and the concept of fragmented identitiy in order to explain how girl zines are intervening in gendered representation. Chapter 4, based on the concept intersectionality, examies the challenges to “the white-girl ideal of feminism”and the problem of colorblindness by girls and women of color. Chapter 5 offers brief discussion about politics of girl zines. In so doing this paper explores how girl zines’ negotiations of the specific and the generalizable create alternative descriptions of what it means to be an American girl or an American woman.

著者

丸山 鋼二

出版者

文教大学

雑誌

文教大学国際学部紀要 = Journal of the Faculty of International Studies (ISSN:09173072)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.24, no.2, pp.47-64, 2014-01-01

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The Khnate of Mogulistan lost its territoy and completely drew back into the Tarim Basin south of the Tianshan Mountains under the pression of Uzbek and Kazakh.Sultan Saiid Khan, son of Ahmad Khan, defeated Aber Beg of the Doglat powerful clan ruling the Tarim Basin and built the Khnate of Yarkand in 1514. In the early times of the Khnate, Saiid Khan subdued Sali-Uighur living in the south wild land of Lob Nor in the name of “Jihad”. Thereafter he subdued the Bolor mountainous lands of Hindu Kush Mountains and the Realms of Ladakh and Kashmir. His general, Mirza Haidar advanced the troops further into Tibet. The “jihad” finally had not succeeded, and didn't change their local religions. Haidar Mirza, who was condemned to exile from the Khnate and served Humayun of the Mughal Empire, wrote the historical book “The History of Rashid” for the Khnate.

著者

今井 真士

出版者

文教大学

雑誌

文教大学国際学部紀要 = Journal of the Faculty of International Studies (ISSN:09173072)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.26, no.1, pp.17-32, 2015-07-01

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Historical Institutionalist explanations / Comparative Historical Analysis approaches are inferences about the causes of specific outcomes in particular cases. They are intended to explain outcomes that have already happened, either in the distant past or in the recent past. The goal of the analysis is precisely to explain the specific past occurrences (Mahoney, Kimball, and Koivu 2009: 116). In Historical Institutionalist explanations, political institutions are seen as the developing products of struggle among unequal actors, and are mainly focused on the long-term processes of institutional building, change and thus divergence. In Comparative Historical Analysis approaches, this view is expanded into the one focused on various events including political institutions. While these approaches are developing in comparative politics after the middle of 1990s based on the qualitative methodology, some scholars emphasized on the methodological differences between the qualitative one and the quantitative one, and thus pursued their ontological foundations of philosophy of science (especially biology and complexity science); especially, without proposing empirical and useful methods, they have seen these differences of methodologies as ones of paradigms and scientific views. Recently, however, other scholars have avoided these pedantic arguments of the philosophy of science and thus attempted to propose the logical (but not biological) foundations based on the set theory. In this article, I argue the ontological development of the literature of Historical Institutionalism / Comparative Historical Analysis and focus on the conceptual and terminological change of “contexts”. Especially, I compare the usage of “contexts” in the five approaches; critical junctures, institutional evolutions, multiple contexts, critical antecedents, and permissive / productive conditions.

著者

上谷 香陽

出版者

文教大学

雑誌

文教大学国際学部紀要 = Journal of the Faculty of International Studies (ISSN:09173072)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.23, no.1, pp.1-14, 2012-07-01

---

This paper considers girl zines as feminist alternative media. Girl zines were participatory media produced through grass roots feminist movement in US in 1990s. In following discussion, I review American girl's cultural creating activities in relation to the history of modernization and industrialization in US and gender norms. In so doing I examine the difference between consumer oriented girl's "bedroom culture" and girl zine's culture. Through these considerations, this paper tries to understand the problematic posed by this young feminist movement in the 1990s. Following the study of Stephen Duncombe, Chapter 2 discusses the defi nition of zines, their origin and their main concerns. Chapter 3, following the study of US girl culture by Mary Celest Kearney, locates girl ziens within US history of girl's cultural creating activities. Chapter4 and 5 analyze the relation between girl zines and feminist movement in US since 1970s. This paper suggests that girl zines don't simply mean zines made by girls. Rather, they are alternative media for women who demonstrate the unconformity against dominant values in modern society, such as male-centrism, hetero-sexism, white-centrism and consumer capitalism. Based on punk's DIY ethos and feminism, girl zines challenge mainstream girl culture, "bedroom culture", which is lead by corporate culture industries. At the same time girl zines are the site where girls explore what does it mean to be an American girl or American woman.

著者

宮原 辰夫

出版者

文教大学

雑誌

文教大学国際学部紀要 = Journal of the Faculty of International Studies (ISSN:09173072)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.26, no.1, pp.85-117, 2015-07-01

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This paper will examine the narrativeness of Islamic dynasties (Saiyid,L?d?,Mughal and S?r) in North India and its architecture using various books, such as“Histry of the Rise of the Mahomedan Power in India” by Ferishta (Persian chronicler,1560-1620),“B?bur-n?ma”of Babur. In other words, it will examine the power and culture of Islamic dynasties in north India, and it will also investigate the succession of Islamic cultue and its blending with the Hindu / Indian cultue.