著者

宇井 純

出版者

滋賀大学環境総合研究センター

雑誌

滋賀大学環境総合研究センター研究年報 (ISSN:13491881)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2, no.1, pp.17-32, 2005-03

著者

宇井 純

出版者

滋賀大学

雑誌

滋賀大学環境総合研究センター研究年報 (ISSN:13491881)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2, no.1, pp.17-32, 2005-03

著者

佐野 静代

出版者

滋賀大学

雑誌

滋賀大学環境総合研究センター研究年報 (ISSN:13491881)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.5, no.1, pp.31-37, 2008-07

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The biological diversity and ecotone functions of lagoons, known as naiko or sekiko in Japanese,surrounding Lake Biwa or Japan Sea, are now being reassessed. For humans, the significance of suchwaterside ecotone has been as a"place with an abundance of fauna". In this study, I examinetraditional living activities of people and the use of natural resources of the lagoons, and discuss the impact that these have on the ecosystem of the littoral zone. The findings outlined in this article are based on fieldwork carried out around Hachiro-gata and many naikos. We find an ecosystem developed around the lagoon that incorporated the living activities of humans, whereby the diverse use of natural resources of the lagoon by humans developed a circular system.The fact that the littoral zone such as lagoon is"secondary nature"demonstrates that for thepreservation of this type of waterside ecotone in the future, rather than avoiding human interference and leaving the environment to its own devices, it is important to ensure appropriate level of human involvement and management. Lifestyles of the people and resource usage datums accumulated for many years in the region should be used as a valuable index in the appropriate usage and management of the littoral zone in the future, and in the recovery of these regions through ecological engineering. Andhistorical research into the long-term dynamics of"nature"is essential to understanding the natural conditions that should be preserved and revitalized, and to clarifying the goals for such restoration.

著者

李 泰官

出版者

滋賀大学

雑誌

滋賀大学環境総合研究センター研究年報 (ISSN:13491881)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.3, no.1, pp.71-73, 2006-03

著者

横山 和正

出版者

滋賀大学

雑誌

滋賀大学環境総合研究センター研究年報 (ISSN:13491881)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.3, no.1, pp.9-19, 2006-03

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A student program to identify the acorns in the University campus was created.It consists of:1. World and Japanese distrbution maps of beech and oaks.2. Practical keys to genera and species of Fagaceae to identigy Japanese oaks.3. Cholor photographs of acorns and leaves of oak trees in the campus. Students easily identified the acorns in the campus by this program, and this program seems to be helpful to understand taxonomy of Fagaceae and relatioship between oaks and human beings. Giant tree worship prevailed among the natives around the University, were investigated to understand Japanese characteristics to nature.

著者

中野 桂 和田 喜彦

出版者

滋賀大学

雑誌

滋賀大学環境総合研究センター研究年報 (ISSN:13491881)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.4, no.1, pp.11-22, 2007-03

被引用文献数

1

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The Ecological Footprint (EF) was co-developed by William E. Rees and Mathis Wackernagel at the Universityof British Columbia, Canada, in the early 1990s. In recent years, Ecological Footprint analysis has been widelyrecognized and applied in many parts of the world. In this paper, we first discuss the meaning andcontribution of EF analysis in terms of fostering the sustainability of human enterprise. We then review therecent development of EF calculation methods, with a focus on the use of the input-output matrix in EFestimation. We provide an interpretation of global hectarage with a simple numerical example. Thirdly, weattempt to calculate the EF of Shiga Prefecture, Japan, through input-output analysis. In the latter part of thispaper, we explore possible improvements in calculation methods which could reflect whether the use ofresources is sustainable or not. For example, we contemplate ways of taking into account the destructive userate (DUR), the natural capital depletion rate (NCDR) and prolonged impact management (PIM) costs.

著者

Lee Soo-Cheol

出版者

滋賀大学環境総合研究センター

雑誌

滋賀大学環境総合研究センター研究年報 (ISSN:13491881)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.6, no.1, pp.1-14, 2009-07

被引用文献数

1

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Economic instruments based on the Beneficiary Pays Principle, with a close linkage with river basin management, have been introduced each in Korea and Japan over the past decade. In Japan, twenty nine examples of Forest and Head Water Conservation Taxes have been introduced since 2003, initiated by the implementation of Omnibus Decentralization Act in 2000. In Korea, the Water Use Charges were introduced for Han River Basin in 1999, after a major industrial chemical spill incident, and for three other big river basins in 2003. These rivers are the sources of water for most of the Korea's major population centers. These economic instruments have been among the main policy measures for water environment preservation in each country since their introduction, and they have some accomplishments and challenges. Although these two systems were introduced based on the same principle that the one who is a beneficiary of certain policy should pay for the policy cost, they have different characteristics in other aspects. Japan's Forest and Head Water Conservation Taxes have some merits. For one, it should be politically rather easy to introduce, because it is taxed widely but very thinly to the all residents concerned. They have some disadvantages; e.g., there is no incentive function to control the use of water by water uers in the tax system. Korea's Water Use Charge System, on the other hand, was able to change its water preservation policy from the management based on jurisdictional units to that based on river basin management units. One of the drawbacks of this system is that it does not give so much incentive for the residents in the upper basin of the rivers to control the discharge of pollutants. The two systems have the same challenge in establishing the basin governance to coordinate and manipulate various interest groups concerned.