文献一覧: 科学史研究. [第Ⅲ期] = Journal of history of science, Japan. 日本科学史学会編 (雑誌)

This paper discusses some facts that were pivotal in the process of the introduction of Bluegill Sunfish, Lepomis macrochirus, into various places in Japan, however have not been considered in the existing literature. This paper points out that L.macrochirus escaped, and also was stocked, to the open water in Osaka as a result of experiments by a fisheries experimental station in the 1960s and early 1970s. In Shiga Prefecture too, the fish escaped into Lake Biwa as a result of experiments by a fisheries experimental station in about 1969. Neither Osaka nor Shiga are mentioned, by previous studies based on questionnaire research, as the prefectures in which L.macrochirus inhabited in the years between 1960, when the fish was first introduced into Japan, and 1979. In addition, anglers, who considered L.macrochirus an ideal game fish, stocked ponds and lakes in some prefectures with L.macrochirus in around 1970 on purpose to multiply the species. During this process, a network among not only local governments, fisheries experimental stations, and fish farmers, but also industries targeting anglers, such as fishing tackle makers and a magazine for anglers, was being formed, which however did not get established after all. These findings will contribute to enrich the basis of today's genetic research on the distribution of L.macrochirus in Japan.

2019-11-23 14:26:06
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https://ci.nii.ac.jp/naid/110009893183

4 0 0 0 18世紀の科学アカデミー紀要 : パリとベルリンの事例から (特集学術誌・科学雑誌の350年)

著者: 隠岐さや香有賀暢迪
出版者: 日本科学史学会
雑誌: 科学史研究. [第Ⅲ期] = Journal of history of science, Japan. 日本科学史学会編 (ISSN:21887535)
巻号頁・発行日: no.275, pp.240-247, 2015-10

2017-10-02 23:01:33
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https://ci.nii.ac.jp/naid/110010000685

4 0 0 0 日本学術振興会研究費と科学研究費交付金の分野別割合にみる戦時と戦後の連続性

著者: 水沢光
出版者: 日本科学史学会
雑誌: 科学史研究. [第Ⅲ期] = Journal of history of science, Japan. 日本科学史学会編 (ISSN:21887535)
巻号頁・発行日: no.272, pp.379-396, 2015-01

This paper analyzes the distribution of the Subsidiary Fund for Scientific Research, a predecessor to the Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (KAKENHI), which operated in Japan from the 1930s to 1950s. It reveals that the Japanese government maintained this wide-ranging promotion system since its establishment during the war until well into the postwar period. Previous studies insist that, at the end of the war, the Japanese government generally only funded the research that it considered immediately and practically useful. In contrast to this general perception, my analysis illustrates that both before and after the war, funding was allotted to four research areas: natural science, engineering, agriculture, and medicine. In order to illuminate this continuity, I compare the Subsidiary Fund with another research fund existing from 1933 to 1947: the Grant of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS). The comparison demonstrates that the JSPS received externally raised capital from the military and munitions companies. However, while this group focused upon engineering and military-related research as the war dragged on, the Subsidiary Fund has consistently entrusted scientists with the authority to decide the allocation of financial support.