- 著者
- Shudo Toshio Omori Kento Hiyama Osamu
- 出版者
- Pergamon
- 雑誌
- International Journal of Hydrogen Energy (ISSN:03603199)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.33, no.17, pp.4689-4693, 2008-09
- 被引用文献数
- 36
Hydrogen is a clean alternative to conventional hydrocarbon fuels, but it is very important to reduce the nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions generated by hydrogen combustion. The rich-lean combustion or staged combustion is known to reduce NOx emissions from continuous combustion burners such as gas turbines and boilers, and NOx reduction effects have been demonstrated for hydrocarbon fuels. The authors applied rich-lean combustion to a hydrogen gas turbine and showed its NOx reduction effect in previous research. The present study focused on experimental measurements of NO and NO2 emissions from a co-axial rich-lean burner fueled with hydrogen. The results were compared with diffusion combustion and methane rich-lean combustion. Significant reductions in NO and NO2 were achieved with rich-lean combustion. The NO and NO2 reduction effects by rich-lean combustion relative to conventional diffusion combustion were higher with hydrogen than with methane.
- 著者
- Liu Chunguang Shi Wansheng Kim Mijung Yang Yingnan Lei Zhongfang Zhang Zhenya
- 出版者
- Elsevier Ltd.
- 雑誌
- International journal of hydrogen energy (ISSN:03603199)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.38, no.18, pp.7246-7252, 2013-06
- 被引用文献数
- 22
Photocatalytic pretreatment of waste activated sludge (WAS) using a flat photocatalytic reactor was undertaken. Photocatalytic pretreatment enhanced the release of soluble substances from WAS, in which the soluble protein and soluble carbohydrate concentration increased by about 50% and 80%, respectively. Significant removal of heavy metal ions from the liquid phase of WAS was also achieved after photocatalytic pretreatment. In addition, the highest hydrogen yield and the highest concentration of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) were achieved from the photocatalysis pretreated WAS by batch anaerobic digestion (55 °C). The cumulative hydrogen yield from photocatalysis pretreated WAS was 211.0 ml/l-sludge, much higher than those from UV pretreated WAS (111.0 ml/l-sludge) and from raw WAS (93.0 ml/l-sludge). The results indicate that photocatalysis is a promising WAS pretreatment method for the enhancement of biohydrogen production, probably due to the photo-oxidation of organics and simultaneous photo-reduction of heavy metal ions in WAS.
- 著者
- Ito Hiroshi Maeda Tetsuhiko Nakano Akihiro Hwang Chul Min Ishida Masayoshi Kato Atsushi Yoshida Tetsuya
- 出版者
- Elsevier Ltd.
- 雑誌
- International journal of hydrogen energy (ISSN:03603199)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.37, no.9, pp.7418-7428, 2012-05
- 被引用文献数
- 132 11
Experimentalstudy on proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolyzer was carried out focusing on the effect of pore structural properties of currentcollectors, such as porosity and pore diameter. Various titanium (Ti)-felt substrates with different porosities and pore diameters (measured by capillary flow porometry) were used as the anode currentcollector. Results show that when the mean pore diameter of the currentcollector was larger than 10 μm, the electrolysis performance improved with decreasing pore diameter. In contrast, changes in porosity had no significant effect on the cell performance when the porosity exceeded 0.50. The flow pattern of two-phase flow in the flow channel was discussed in terms of its relationship to bubble size and to pore diameter of the currentcollector. Finally, correlation between the calculated membrane resistance and the measured pore diameter of the currentcollectors suggest that larger bubbles generated from larger pores tend to become long bubbles in the channel, thus hindering the water supply to the membrane.