著者

Tetsuya OHTOSHI

出版者

The Society for Near Eastern Studies in Japan

雑誌

Orient (ISSN:04733851)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.29, pp.19-44, 1993 (Released:2009-02-12)

参考文献数

120

被引用文献数

2 4

著者

Takatomo Inoue

出版者

The Society for Near Eastern Studies in Japan

雑誌

Orient (ISSN:04733851)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.52, pp.72-92, 2017-03-31 (Released:2020-04-01)

参考文献数

28

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This paper discusses the relationship between alchemy and making “chemically” processed products, such as drugs and perfumes. We look into al-Kindī’s understanding of alchemy and description of perfume making to discuss this issue. As for the former, Ibn al-Nadīm’s Fihrist mentions his writing on the attack on alchemy, but the original text has been lost. However, his idea is cited in Ḥājjī Khalīfa’s Kashf al-Ẓunūn, so we examine this text to understand al-Kindī’s view on alchemy. As for the latter, we specifically examine distillation technique. Before the examination of al-Kindī’s text, we review the alchemical meaning of distillation from the texts of Jabirian corpus. Then, we investigate the distillation technique in his perfume making text, Kitāb Kīmiyāʾ al-ʿIṭr wa-’l-Taṣʿīdāt to clarify the difference between distillation in perfume making and alchemy.

著者

Dai MATSUI Ryoko WATABE

出版者

The Society for Near Eastern Studies in Japan

雑誌

Orient (ISSN:04733851)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.50, pp.41-51, 2015-03-30 (Released:2018-04-01)

参考文献数

31

被引用文献数

1

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Of the Ardabīl documents of the Mongol period, this paper presents a Persian land sale contract of 660 AH/1261–62 CE, with an Uigur-Turkic note attached. It should be a unique source displaying the reality of the local society in Iran under the early Mongol rule. It should deserve further comparative studies with other contracts and bilingual documents of the Ardabīl collection.

著者

NAMIO EGAMI

出版者

The Society for Near Eastern Studies in Japan

雑誌

Orient (ISSN:04733851)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, pp.1-36,1, 1972 (Released:2009-02-12)

参考文献数

22

被引用文献数

3 3

著者

GIKYO ITO

出版者

The Society for Near Eastern Studies in Japan

雑誌

Orient (ISSN:04733851)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, pp.55-63, 1979 (Released:2009-02-12)

参考文献数

27

被引用文献数

1 2

著者

Dai MATSUI Ryoko WATABE Hiroshi ONO

出版者

The Society for Near Eastern Studies in Japan

雑誌

Orient (ISSN:04733851)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.50, pp.53-75, 2015-03-30 (Released:2018-04-01)

参考文献数

112

被引用文献数

1

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This paper presents the philological analysis of one of the Ardabīl documents: An Uigur- Turkic decree of the Timurid prince Mīrān Šāh, dated to 800 AH/1398 CE. It is the oldest of the Timurid Uigur-Turkic decrees thus far known, and the only one accompanied by a Persian summary. It attests to the patronage of the Timurid rulers for the Safavid Order in Ardabīl, and offers significant information on the administration, chancellery, taxation, and many other aspects of the early Timurid rule, and merits further investigation from the historical viewpoint.

著者

Dai MATSUI

出版者

The Society for Near Eastern Studies in Japan

雑誌

Orient (ISSN:04733851)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.50, pp.35-39, 2015-03-30 (Released:2018-04-01)

参考文献数

16

被引用文献数

1

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This paper presents a decipherment of six seals stamped on the verso side of a Persian decree issued by the Ilkhanid amīr Čoban in 726 AH/1326 CE. It can be assumed that those seals, stamped for validation of the decree, belong to the Ilkhanid leading vassals. Identifying holders of the seals would assist historical research of the Ilkhanid chancellery system.

著者

Nobuo MISAWA

出版者

The Society for Near Eastern Studies in Japan

雑誌

Orient (ISSN:04733851)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, pp.119-139, 2011-03-31 (Released:2014-04-06)

被引用文献数

2 5

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In previous studies on the Japanese ideology of Pan-Asianism towards the Muslims in the interwar and World War II period, all Japanese Muslims were said to be “bogus Muslims”, who converted to Islam with the intention to utilize the Muslims for the Japanese interests. The Japanese Government committed to provide such “bogus Muslims” among the Japanese people. In reality, a number of Japanese military agents became Muslims in order to promote such an ideology among the Muslims in the East and Southeast Asia. However, quite a few aforesaid Japanese intellectuals and activists became Muslims by their own will. When we consider the history of Japanese Muslims, it is required to clarify how they came to believe in Islam, especially their comprehension of harmony between Shintoism and Islam. Among such unique Japanese Muslims in the interwar period, Nur Muhammad Ippei TANAKA (1882–1934) and Ahmad Bunpachirô ARIGA (1868–1946) provide us the details of their comprehension about Islam and the unique ways they used in order to syncretize Shintoism and Islam. TANAKA learned the Chinese language and Confucianism. When the Russo-Japanese War broke out in 1904, he went to China as the interpreter of the Army and stayed in China to study Confucianism as a private scholar after the war. In this career, he was interested in the Chinese Kai-ju or Hui-ru, which literally means “Islamic Confucianism.” Finally, he converted to Islam in China in 1924. He found similarities between Shintoism and Islam, and the possibility of syncretizing Shintoism and Islam occurred to him. His idea was not realized due to his sudden death after his second pilgrim to Mecca in 1934. ARIGA converted to Islam in the year 1932 after his retirement as a businessman. He was extremely enthusiastic about the missionary actions of “Japanese Islam,” which depended on the syncretism of Shintoism and Islam, different from TANAKA’s idea. He was not religious but nationalist. Therefore, his idea was the result of the syncretism of Pan-Asianism and Islam. We must excavate unique, forgotten Japanese Muslims such as TANAKA and ARIGA in order to understand Interwar Japanese Muslims.

著者

GIKYO ITO

出版者

The Society for Near Eastern Studies in Japan

雑誌

Orient (ISSN:04733851)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, pp.1-15, 1986 (Released:2009-02-12)

参考文献数

40

著者

Yasuyuki MATSUNAGA

出版者

The Society for Near Eastern Studies in Japan

雑誌

Orient (ISSN:04733851)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.44, pp.77-90, 2009-03-31 (Released:2014-04-02)

参考文献数

29

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Much has been written about Ayatollah Ruhollah Musavi-Khomeini’s (1902-1989) doctrine of wilāyat al-faqīh, or the mandate of the jurisprudent. In this article, I will focus on the following two questions: how consistent was he in espousing the doctrine, and what was his major addition to the doctrine? After reviewing his educational and scholarly background, I will first reconstruct constituent components of the doctrine and revisit his relevant writings and statements to determine how consistent his views were over his long academic and political career. Drawing on the existing studies on the divergent doctrines of wilāyat al-faqīh, I will also identify one possible innovation Ayatollah Khomeini likely added to the doctrine. My examination of his 1944 tract, Kashf al-asrār, shows that Khomeini as a young seminary teacher had already believed in wilāyat al-faqīh al-siyāsīyah, or the divine mandate of the juiisprudent to rule. This suggests that his views on wilāyat al-faqīh most likely had solidified much earlier than the existing Western studies surmised and that they remained rather consistent throughout his scholarly and political career. The results will help better discuss various implications of the doctrine as political theory and also in the context of actual political developments in Iran over the last fifty some years.

著者

Jiro KONDO

出版者

The Society for Near Eastern Studies in Japan

雑誌

Orient (ISSN:04733851)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, pp.44-55, 1991 (Released:2009-02-12)

参考文献数

40

著者

Haruo KOBAYASHI

出版者

The Society for Near Eastern Studies in Japan

雑誌

Orient (ISSN:04733851)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.26, pp.62-77, 1990 (Released:2009-02-12)

参考文献数

52

被引用文献数

2 3

著者

Eckart FRAHM

出版者

The Society for Near Eastern Studies in Japan

雑誌

Orient (ISSN:04733851)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, pp.3-33, 2010-03-31 (Released:2013-05-09)

参考文献数

93

被引用文献数

2 5

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Enūma eliš, the Babylonian epic of creation, was the most influential Mesopotamian religious text of the first millennium BCE. This article discusses how the epic was read, re-interpreted, and revised during the period from 900 BCE to AD 500, both within and outside Mesopotamia. The Assyrian version of the epic, and various Assyrian commentaries on the text, receive particular attention. The article argues that the Erra epic and parts of the Primeval History of the Bible represent counter-texts written in response to the ideological challenges posed by Enūma eliš, and that war and peace were factors that determined to a significant extent how the Babylonians and other people of the ancient world approached the epic.

著者

Jiro KONDO

出版者

The Society for Near Eastern Studies in Japan

雑誌

Orient (ISSN:04733851)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.26, pp.94-104, 1990 (Released:2009-02-12)

参考文献数

77

著者

SHIGERU KAMADA

出版者

The Society for Near Eastern Studies in Japan

雑誌

Orient (ISSN:04733851)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.18, pp.19-40, 1982 (Released:2009-02-12)

参考文献数

65

著者

Hiroshi WADA

出版者

The Society for Near Eastern Studies in Japan

雑誌

Orient (ISSN:04733851)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.36, pp.123-128, 2001 (Released:2008-03-24)

参考文献数

36

著者

Jan ASSMANN

出版者

The Society for Near Eastern Studies in Japan

雑誌

Orient (ISSN:04733851)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.33, pp.130-149, 1998 (Released:2009-02-12)

参考文献数

54

被引用文献数

5

著者

KOSEI MORIMOTO

出版者

The Society for Near Eastern Studies in Japan

雑誌

Orient (ISSN:04733851)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.13, pp.89-105, 1977 (Released:2009-02-12)

参考文献数

72

著者

Takeshi KATSUFUJI

出版者

The Society for Near Eastern Studies in Japan

雑誌

Orient (ISSN:04733851)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.30and31, pp.133-141, 1995 (Released:2009-02-12)

著者

Shin NOMOTO

出版者

The Society for Near Eastern Studies in Japan

雑誌

Orient (ISSN:04733851)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.44, pp.19-39, 2009-03-31 (Released:2014-04-02)

参考文献数

60

被引用文献数

2 2

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The fourth/tenth (A.H./C.E.) century is one of the most crucial time to the development of Ismā‘īlī Shī‘ism not only because the Fāṭimids’ claim for the sole leadership (Imāmah) conflicts with its original belief in the advent of the messianic figure called the Qā’im, but because some thinkers adopted Greek thought, especially Neoplatonism. This article aims at contributing to elucidation of how the Ismā‘īlī thinkers made consistent their doctrine on the Qā’im with newly adopted Neoplatonism in this important century, with special reference to Abū Ḥātim al-Rāzī’s (d. ca 322/933-4) Kitāb al-Iṣlāḥ, one of the oldest extant Neoplatonist-influenced texts. The text of al-Iṣlāḥ suggests that the Qā’im will resume the full contact, which Adam had enjoyed, with the two highest hypostases of Neoplatonist cosmology, that is, the Universal Intellect and the Universal Soul. Also in his text al-Rāzī implies that the advent of the Qā’im will mark or bring the full actualization of the “spiritual forms” (al-ṣuwar al-rūḥānīyah) and “simple form” (al-ṣurah al-basīṭah) of the human soul. This is also the result of the influence of the “highest simple world,” the realm of the two highest hypostases. Thus, with the background of Greek thought, especially Neoplatonism, al-Rāzī de-politicized the role and mission of the Qā’im. This idea is shared by al-Sijistani (d. after 361/971), Neoplatonist Ismā‘īlī thinker who is nearly one generation younger than al-Rāzī. Did this shared idea of the de-politicized and “spiritualized” Qā’im function as precursor for Ḥamīd al-Dīn al-Kirmānī’s (d. after 411/1020) own vision of the Qā’im and the postponing of his advent and the ultimate eschaton? This will be an issue of our future research.