著者

Takahiro Nii Haruna Kakuya Naoki Isobe Yukinori Yoshimura

出版者

Japan Poultry Science Association

雑誌

The Journal of Poultry Science (ISSN:13467395)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.57, no.2, pp.148-159, 2020 (Released:2020-04-25)

参考文献数

44

被引用文献数

9

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Salmonella Typhimurium (ST) infection in chickens inhibits their growth and can lead to food-borne diseases in humans. Probiotics are expected to enhance the function of host intestinal barrier against pathogen infection. The aim of our study was to determine the effect of viable Lactobacillus reuteri (LR) on the response of the mucosal barrier function to antigen stimulation in broiler chicks. Day-old male (n=8) and female (n=4) broiler chicks were orally administered either 1 × 108 LR or a water-only control, every day for 7 days. After 7 days, either 1 × 108 heat-killed ST (k-ST), or a buffer-only control, was administered via intra-cardiac injection. The ileum and cecum were collected 3 h post-injection, and paraffin sections were prepared for either mRNA extraction (males), or gut permeability tests (females). Villus and crypt lengths were determined via histological analysis. Real-time PCR was used to calculate expression levels of Toll-like receptors (TLRs), pro-inflammatory cytokines, anti-inflammatory cytokines, avian β-defensins, and tight-junction-associated molecules. Gut permeability was assessed using the inverted intestine method. We found that (1) expression of TLR2-1, TLR21, TGF-β2 and TGF-β3 were reduced following k-ST stimulation, but were unaffected by LR-treatment; (2) oral administration of LR led to increased Claudin1, Claudin5, ZO2, and JAM2 expression following k-ST stimulation; (3) cecal permeability was reduced by co-treatment with LR and k-ST, but not by treatment with LR or k-ST alone. These results suggest that LR, as used in this study, may enhance the intestinal mucosal physical barrier function, but not the expression of other immune-related factors in newly hatched chicks.

著者

Geng Lili Xu Deng Zhang Minhong Shu Changlong Feng Jinghai Song Fuping Lu Fan Zhang Jie

出版者

Japan Poultry Science Association

雑誌

The Journal of Poultry Science (ISSN:13467395)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, no.1, pp.10-16, 2018 (Released:2018-01-25)

参考文献数

40

被引用文献数

1

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Many types of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt)-crops are being grown worldwide, triggering concerns about their potential impact on humans and livestock. To ensure better yield and food safety in China, an attempt has been made to develop Bt-rice targeting a broad range of insects. We aimed to investigate whether feeding genetically modified rice expressing the Bt chimeric Cry1Ac/Cry1Ab protein has any effects on the intestinal microbiota of broilers. Broilers were fed either Bt-rice or its unmodified isogenic parent line for 42 days, and total DNA was isolated from cecum contents for high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. In total, 1,241,005 reads, assigned to 12 phyla, 31 families, and 48 genera were generated. No significant differences were observed in the relative abundance of organisms identified among the major phyla, families, and genera, except for two less abundant families, Thermoanaerobacteraceae and Peptostreptococcaceae, and two less abundant genera, Anaerotruncus and Gelria. The results were in agreement with those from culture-based analysis and Biolog EcoPlates. These results illustrate that feeding Bt-rice has no adverse effects on the broiler intestinal microbiota and provide sufficient support for the food safety of Bt-rice.

著者

Jae-Hong Park Yong-Min Kim In-Ho Kim

出版者

Japan Poultry Science Association

雑誌

The Journal of Poultry Science (ISSN:13467395)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, no.1, pp.47-53, 2018 (Released:2018-01-25)

参考文献数

55

被引用文献数

6

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This study was designed to investigate the effects of dietary fenugreek seed extract (FSE) supplementation on egg production, egg quality, blood profiles, cecal microflora, and excreta noxious gas emission in laying hens. A total of 384 laying hens (26-weeks old, Hyline-brown) were fed three different levels of FSE (0, 0.05, and 0.1%) in a cornsoybean diet for 6 weeks. The inclusion of FSE in the laying hen diet did not affect egg production, feed intake, or feed conversion among treatments; however, egg weight, eggshell breaking strength, eggshell thickness, and yolk color increased in FSE-fed groups (linear, P<0.05). Supplemental FSE decreased the serum total cholesterol concentration, whereas the HDL-cholesterol concentration increased in the FSE fed-groups (linear, P<0.05). FSE led to an increase in cecal Lactobacillus number (linear, P<0.05), and a decrease in Escherichia coli number (quadratic, P<0.05) and excreta ammonia gas emission (linear, P<0.05). These results suggest that the addition of FSE does not increase egg production, but may affect egg quality, serum total- and HDL-cholesterol concentration, and cecal microflora. FSE also decreased ammonia gas emission in laying hen excreta.

著者

Faisal Hussnain Athar Mahmud Shahid Mehmood Muhammad H. Jaspal

出版者

日本家禽学会

雑誌

The Journal of Poultry Science (ISSN:13467395)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.0190014, (Released:2019-08-25)

被引用文献数

2

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A study was conducted to determine the effect of transportation distance and crating density on meat quality traits during winter. ROSS-308 broilers aged 35 days were divided into 10 treatment groups based on three transportation distances (80, 160, and 240km) with three crating densities (10, 12, and 15 birds per crate) along with birds slaughtered on farm without crating as a control group. Each treatment was replicated 10 times and placed at various locations in the truck. The birds were transported in plastic crates of 3 ft × 1.8 ft × 1 ft at ambient temperature and relative humidity of 3.6–9.5°C and 63.3–78.8%, respectively. The breast meat quality parameters including pH, color, drip loss, shear force, marinade uptake and retention, cooking losses, and yield were determined. The results showed significantly higher pH 15 min post-slaughter (PS), drip loss, lightness, marinade uptake, raw meat cooking yield, and shear force in birds slaughtered on farm without any transportation. The birds transported for 240km had significantly higher pH at 2 hours (h) PS, marinade retention, and cooking yield. Whereas, pH at 24h PS, meat redness, yellowness, chroma, and marinated meat cooking yield were significantly higher in all transported treatments compared to the control group. Among different crating densities, the birds transported with 10 birds per crate showed significantly higher meat redness, marinade retention, and cooking yield. The crating density of 15 birds per crate had significantly higher lightness, hue, cooking loss, and shear force. However, no effect of crating density was observed on meat pH, drip loss, and marinade uptake. It can be concluded that an increase in transportation distance and low crating density during winter can negatively affect physical quality of meat with significant improvement in marination and cooking characteristics.

著者

Sae Suzuki Misato Kobayashi Atsushi Murai Masaoki Tsudzuki Akira Ishikawa

出版者

Japan Poultry Science Association

雑誌

The Journal of Poultry Science (ISSN:13467395)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.56, no.2, pp.101-111, 2019 (Released:2019-04-25)

参考文献数

31

被引用文献数

14

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Excessive fat deposition adversely affects poultry production. In this study, we investigated growth, fat deposition, and hepatic mRNA expression of 13 lipid metabolism-related genes in three unique breeds of meat-type chickens with distinct breed origins and genetic relationships. One was Nagoya (NAG), a native Japanese breed, whereas the others were White Plymouth Rock (WPR) and White Cornish (WC), which have been used worldwide as the parental breeds of common broiler chickens. NAG chickens were phenotypically characterized by slow growth, lean body fat, and high gizzard and liver weights. In contrast, both WC and WPR chickens were characterized by rapid growth but high percentage of subcutaneous fat and abdominal fat weight, resulting from high feed intake. Among the three breeds, WC had the highest percentage of pectoral muscle weight, whereas WPR was the most obese. Among lipid metabolism-related genes, the expression of PPARA, PPARG, and CD36 was mostly associated with obesity. These results provide basic information for quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis related to growth and fat traits in an F2 population of the lean NAG breed and the obese WPR breed of meat-type chickens in future.

著者

Fujiwara Akira Mizutani Makoto Ono Tamao KAGAMI Hiroshi

出版者

日本家禽学会

雑誌

The journal of poultry science (ISSN:13467395)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.42, no.1, pp.64-69, 2005-01-25

参考文献数

13

被引用文献数

2 4

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A black plumage color mutant (BPC) was described in this paper. The BPC quail was a dark colored bird. The chick down feathers on the back and head were black ending with a brown tip. The face and throat were cream-yellow and the ventral surface was a mixture of gray and cream-yellow. The beak and shanks were darkly pigmented but some toes were yellow while others had spotted areas of pigmentation.<BR> When the birds reached to maturity, both males and females had pigmentation, and the feather appearance of dorsal and ventral surface were basically similar. The dorsal feather pattern was similar to that of wild-type except that the wheat-straw shafting was absent. Some of the BPC quails showed small areas of white feather at the junction of the upper and lower beaks and in the throat under the lower beak.<BR> To clarify the mode of inheritance of the BPC characters, mating experiments were performed. The segregation data for F<SUB>1</SUB>, F<SUB>2</SUB> and backcross generations were analyzed. Genetic analysis showed that the BPC was controlled by an autosomal recessive gene. Therefore, a gene symbol &ldquo;<CITE>rb</CITE>&rdquo; was proposed.

著者

Adem Kaya Mehmet A. Yörük Nurinisa Esenbuga Aysel Temelli Özlem Ekinci

出版者

Japan Poultry Science Association

雑誌

The Journal of Poultry Science (ISSN:13467395)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.50, no.3, pp.228-236, 2013-07-25 (Released:2013-07-25)

参考文献数

56

被引用文献数

1 7

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This article published online on July 25, 2013 has been withdrawn by authors.

著者

Leticia S. Murate Fernanda G. Paião Adriana M. de Almeida Angelo Berchieri Jr. Massami Shimokomaki

出版者

日本家禽学会

雑誌

The Journal of Poultry Science (ISSN:13467395)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.52, no.1, pp.52-56, 2015 (Released:2015-01-25)

参考文献数

22

被引用文献数

2 27

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This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of dietary prebiotic, probiotic, and synbiotic products for controlling infection in laying hens and broiler chickens challenged with Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis (SE). These products could replace the use of antibiotics, which would avoid the problem of hastening antimicrobial resistance for both types of birds. Salmonella-free 1-day-old (1-d-old) layers chicks and broilers chicks were inoculated with SE resistant to nalidixic acid and spectinomycin (SE Nalr Specr) and divided into four groups: 1) control (without feed additives); 2) probiotic (Bacillus subtilis, Lactobacillus acidophilus, L. casei, Enterococcus faecium, Bifidobacterium longum); 3) prebiotic (inulin, fructooligosaccharide, mannanoligosaccharide, and oligosaccharide); and 4) synbiotic (85% of the probiotic+15% of the prebiotic additives). The presence of SE Nalr Specr in cloacal swabs was analyzed at 7, 14, and 21 days post-infection (dpi) in laying hens and broilers. The number of SE Nalr Specr per gram of cecal contents was determined at 7, 14, and 21 dpi in laying hens and at 2, 5, 7, 14, and 21 dpi in broilers. The results showed that the prebiotic additive reduced the occurrence of SE in cloacal swabs from laying hens but not from broilers. In the groups of laying hens and broilers that received prebiotics, the isolation and counts of SE Nalr Specr were lower during the first week post-infection but not throughout the experiment. The probiotic and synbiotic additives did not influence the SE infection in laying hens and broilers; in contrast prebiotics had a protective effect during the first week post-infection.

著者

Yuichi Wajiki Yoshinori Kaneko Toshie Sugiyama Takahisa Yamada Hiroaki Iwaisaki

出版者

日本家禽学会

雑誌

The Journal of Poultry Science (ISSN:13467395)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.0150040, (Released:2015-08-25)

被引用文献数

2

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The Japanese captive population of Japanese crested ibis (Nipponia nippon) was established using 5 founders derived from the Chinese captive population. Its size has increased rapidly, and the maintenance phase is about to start. Thus, this study was designed to perform genetic analyses in this population with pedigree information, considering the adoption of mean kinship strategy as the breeding strategy suited to the maintenance phase. Because the relationships among the 5 founders were unknown, different assumptions were set up ranging from 0 to 0.25 of kinship coefficients between the 5 founders. Assuming that the 5 founders were non-inbred in all the assumptions, the results showed that the gene diversity and the mean inbreeding coefficient would fluctuate largely from ∼65% to ∼82% and from ∼0.07 to ∼0.29, respectively. Moreover, the genetic importance of individuals based on mean kinship shifted largely. This study suggested that the Japanese captive population had low gene diversity and high mean inbreeding coefficient even under the assumption that the 5 founders were unrelated and non-inbred. In addition, the study also suggested that it became more effective to analyze the genetic status and to introduce mean kinship strategy into this population with more credible molecular evaluation of the relationships among founders.

著者

Witold S. Proskura Daria Cichoń Wilhelm Grzesiak Daniel Zaborski Ewa Sell-Kubiak Yeong-Hsiang Cheng Andrzej Dybus

出版者

日本家禽学会

雑誌

The Journal of Poultry Science (ISSN:13467395)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.0130237, (Released:2014-03-25)

被引用文献数

15

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The objective of the present study was to investigate the relationship between the g.2582481G>A, g.2583935G>A and g.2584057C>T single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the lactate dehydrogenase A gene (LDHA) coding for lactate dehydrogenase isoform A and the racing performance of homing pigeons. As a measure of racing performance, we used the mean values of ace points won by individual birds during the whole season. The estimated heritability of the racing performance of pigeons was relatively low (h2=0.0596; SE=0.0249). The analyzis performed for all race reports together showed that the factors such as gender, weather conditions at the start and at the end of the race affect the analyzed trait. Of the 3 single nucleotide polymorphisms, only the effect of the g.2582481G>A genotype on the performance of racing pigeons was significant. Statistical analyzis indicated the difference in the value of ace points between the animals of GG and GA genotypes for the g.2582481G>A SNP. The study showed that the genotype homozygous for g.2582481A is linked to the highest mean value of ace points. Consequently, the relationship between the genotype for g.2582481G>A and the racing performance was shown.

著者

Ahmed A. Saleh Kunioki Hayashi Akira Ohtsuka

出版者

日本家禽学会

雑誌

The Journal of Poultry Science (ISSN:13467395)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.50, no.3, pp.242-250, 2013-07-25 (Released:2013-07-25)

参考文献数

45

被引用文献数

4 29

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This study was conducted to examine the effects of a combined in-feed supplementation of Aspergillus awamori and Saccharomyces cerevisiae on growth and muscle protein metabolism and fatty acid profiles in broilers. Chicks (15 d old) were fed a basal diet as control, diets supplemented with 0.05% A. awamori, 0.10% S. cerevisiae, or a combination of both (7 birds/group) for 12 days. Growth of the birds was promoted by all treatments. Synergistic effects of A. awamori and S. cerevisiae were observed on body weight gain and feed conversion, breast muscle weight, and digestibility of dietary protein. Plasma 3-methylhistidine concentrations were decreased by A. awamori and S. cerevisiae, and synergistically by the combination. Gene expressions of proteolysis-related factors in muscle were reduced by all treatments. Conversely, mRNA expressions of myosin and actin were synergistically increased by the combination. Abdominal fat and plasma triglycerides were decreased by A. awamori and the combination, but not by S. cerevisiae, while muscle fat content was increased by all treatments. Interestingly, there was a decrease in saturated fatty acids and an increase in unsaturated fatty acids in muscle in all treatment groups. This change in fatty acid profile was partially related to mRNA expression of delta-6 fatty acid desaturase in the muscle. In conclusion, the combined supplementation of A. awamori and S. cerevisiae synergistically improves growth performance by promoting muscle protein metabolism. In addition, A. awamori and S. cerevisiae modify the muscle fatty acid profile.

著者

Bao-Wei Wang Guo-Qing Huang Wei-Wei Wang Wen-Hua Ge Ming-Ai Zhang

出版者

日本家禽学会

雑誌

The Journal of Poultry Science (ISSN:13467395)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.0120090, (Released:2012-11-25)

被引用文献数

2

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The beneficial effects of dietary selenium (Se) supplementation for poultry and the distribution of Se in tissues have been well documented, but the functionalities of the Se-enriched products are much less concerned. Alcohol induces liver injury by initiating oxidative stress and antioxidant therapy has been proposed as an effective way of reducing the injury. Because a correlation between Se and antioxidant capability has been established, the alleviation effect of the Se-enriched fatty goose liver (SFGL, containing 900 μg/kg Se) on alcohol-induced liver injury was studied. Mice were daily fed with 2.5, 5, and 10 g/kg·bw SFGL and common fatty goose liver (CFGL, containing 200 μg/kg Se) one hour after ethanol administration and the animals were scarified and the blood and liver were collected for analysis on day 21. Results indicated that SFGL was more effective in reducing the hepatosomatic index and the degree of steatosis than CFGL. SFGL in all the three doses normalized the lipid metabolism and the activities of ALT and AST, indicating that SFGL attenuated the alcohol-induced liver injury. SFGL decreased the serum and hepatic ADH activities and the MDA content, implying that the liver injury attenuation effect of SGFL was related to oxidative stress reduction. The measurement of antioxidant variables, including GSH-Px, GSH, and SOD, revealed that the levels of these molecules were significantly increased after SFGL ingestion, confirming that SFGL alleviated alcohol-induced liver injury by enhancing the antioxidant capability. It was concluded that Se-enriched poultry tissues are potential remediators against alcohol-induced liver injury.