著者

T.  T. Giang Tran Karen Farquharson Deborah Dempsey

出版者

Center for Southeast Asian Studies, Kyoto University

雑誌

Southeast Asian Studies (ISSN:21867275)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.11, no.3, pp.339-362, 2022-12-22 (Released:2022-12-22)

参考文献数

62

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Son preference has traditionally been a fundamental cultural value in Vietnamese families, and this preference appears to have intensified in Vietnam in recent years. The key explanation for why parents prefer sons to daughters is that Vietnamese families embrace Confucian notions of gender hierarchy. Based on in-depth interviews with twenty first-generation Vietnamese migrant parents from refugee and skilled migrant backgrounds, and 18 Vietnamese Australian children of migrant parents, this paper explores whether Vietnamese migrants to Australia and their children display a preference for sons in their families. The findings suggest that sons are no longer valued in the ways that they were in Vietnam. Many parents in this study did not express a need to live with, receive financial support from, or be cared for by their sons. The children also expressed fewer financial support and caring obligations to parents. We propose that the greater financial security afforded to the elderly by the social welfare system in Australia may decrease parents’ dependence on sons, lowering the value of sons in families. This strongly suggests that the economic value of sons is key to the persistence of son preference in Vietnam, more so than Confucian notions of gender hierarchy.

著者

Rene Escalante

出版者

Center for Southeast Asian Studies, Kyoto University

雑誌

Southeast Asian Studies (ISSN:21867275)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, no.3, pp.369-386, 2019-12-26 (Released:2019-12-26)

参考文献数

30

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There is one issue in Jose Rizal’s life that historians have debated on several occasions but remains unsettled. That issue is whether Rizal, on the eve of his death, re-embraced the Catholic faith and disassociated himself from Masonry. The matter is controversial because parties on both sides are affiliated with an organization that promotes moral values and the pursuit of truth. The pro-retraction camp is represented by the Jesuits, the archbishop of Manila, and a few other members of the Catholic hierarchy. Since they are all ordained priests, they are assumed to be truthful in their pronouncements. Their opponents are the members of Masonry, an organization that promotes brotherhood, integrity, decency, and professionalism.This paper resurrects the retraction controversy in the light of the emergence of another primary source that speaks about what happened to Rizal on the eve of his death. This document was never considered in the history of the retraction controversy because it was made available to researchers only in the past decade. The author of the report is a credible eyewitness because he was physically present in the vicinity of where Rizal was detained. His narrative is lucid and contains details that cast doubt on the credibility and reliability of earlier primary sources on which previous narratives were based. This document needs serious consideration and should be included in the discourse on Rizal’s retraction.

著者

Michelle G. Ong Mario Ivan López

出版者

Center for Southeast Asian Studies, Kyoto University

雑誌

Southeast Asian Studies (ISSN:21867275)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.11, no.1, pp.49-77, 2022-04-28 (Released:2022-04-28)

参考文献数

109

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In recent years, Japan’s long-term foreign residents have continued to increase; and among the communities that have settled, Filipinos constitute one of several aging groups of migrants. This paper focuses on how aging Filipina migrants reflect upon and negotiate their observations on how they age in Japan. It argues that their perceptions of aging arise from expectations of self-reliance and independence linked to a discourse of successful aging popular in current discussions on aging globally. Based on ethnographic fieldwork, this paper shows how informants articulate their expectations through the management of finances, personal health, and the practice of transnational retirement. It ultimately shows that within a shifting neoliberal discourse that pressures citizens to age proactively, alleviating the burden on the Japanese state, Filipinas express counter-narratives through their personal worries, desires, and practices. These have implications for the discussion on aging migrants in Japan.

著者

Nordin Hussin

出版者

Center for Southeast Asian Studies, Kyoto University

雑誌

東南アジア研究 (ISSN:05638682)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.43, no.3, pp.215-237, 2005-12-31 (Released:2017-10-31)

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Throughout history the role of Malay merchants and traders in the Malay-Indonesian archipelago was very imminent. Their presence was very important in the Malay waters and it was they who were the collector and distributor of goods and commodities that arrived at many major port-towns in the archipelago. Although their presence in the intra-Asian trade is very clearly documented in the VOC Dutch and English records, research and writing on their role in trade has been neglected by scholars. The importance of Malay merchants and traders was seldom highlighted and if they were mentioned their role were not written in greater detail. Malay traders were an important group of traders from the archipelago and their presence was clearly seen right from the Srivijaya period until in the nineteenth century. However, while trade and commerce expanded in Southeast Asia, the nineteenth century saw the decline of Malay merchants and traders when fewer of them appeared to have the means and resources to participate in long distance trade. It is the aim of this paper to highlight the role of the Malay merchants and traders which was an important group of merchants that had been plying in the Malay waters. Who were these traders and where they came from and the commodities they carried and the various types of ships they travelled will be discussed in the paper. The study will also look at the importance and the role of these merchants in early Penang.

著者

Prasert Trakansuphakorn

出版者

Center for Southeast Asian Studies, Kyoto University

雑誌

東南アジア研究 (ISSN:05638682)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, no.4, pp.586-614, 2008-03-31 (Released:2017-10-31)

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This paper is based on an insiders' view of the ecological movement in Northern Thailand as carried out by Sgaw Karen (Pgaz K'Nyau) people whose knowledge was accumulated in the form of cultural capital including oral traditions such as legends, storytelling, hta (traditional songs or poems), and rituals. Through the movement, in which each of these repositories of knowledge were put into practice, the Pgaz K'Nyau image as conservationists was shaped and reinforced. Leaders of the Pgaz K'Nyau movement used their ecological knowledge, which was reinterpreted to represent Pgaz K'Nyau as children of the forest. Such images were the result of converting knowledge into symbolic power to create a space of resistance, which served as an instrument to contest the hegemonic discourse imposed by the state forestry agencies. A shift in Pgaz K'Nyau identity occurred through the process of inserting their relatively little-known cultural image into the political context of rights framed by the newly promulgated (1997) Constitution.1) This paper focuses on the use of hta in the eco-political conflict in the Mae Lan Kham river basin, Sameong District, Chiang Mai Province.

著者

Andrea Malaya M. Ragragio Myfel D. Paluga

出版者

Center for Southeast Asian Studies, Kyoto University

雑誌

Southeast Asian Studies (ISSN:21867275)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, no.2, pp.259-294, 2019-08-22 (Released:2019-08-22)

参考文献数

66

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Pangotoeb refers to the traditional tattooing among the Pantaron Manobo of Mindanao, a practice that has not been given a systematic description and analysis before in Philippine or Mindanao studies. After giving a review of early historical and recent reports on this practice, this article provides an ethnographic description of Pantaron Manobo tattooing on the following aspects: (a) the tattoo practitioner (and her socio-symbolic contexts); (b) tools and techniques; (c) variations in body placements; (d) basic designs; and (e) the given reasons why present-day Manobo tattoo themselves. In terms of Philippine tattooing technique, this study highlights the importance of distinguishing three modal hand movements: hand-tapping, hand-poking, and incising techniques; this last is unique to Mindanao relative to the rest of the Philippines and perhaps Southeast Asia. This paper also opens a comparative and exploratory cognitive approach in studying Manobo tattooing practice. Calling for a methodological declustering of the study of tattooing from its frequent association with male/warrior identity, this article concludes by selecting a limited set of figures that appears to be an enduring schema underlying Manobo tattooing practice: (a) the central role of the female gender; (b) the unique importance of the navel/abdomen as a tattooing region of the (female) body; and (c) the importance of the “ridge-pole” (and the “house” in general) in naming tattoo figures and attributing significances. These appear to be more resonant with many other aspects of Manobo culture to warrant giving this schema a heuristic value for future studies.

著者

Len Patrick Dominic M. Garces Rosalina Palanca-Tan

出版者

Center for Southeast Asian Studies, Kyoto University

雑誌

Southeast Asian Studies (ISSN:21867275)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.4, no.3, pp.565-580, 2015-12-31 (Released:2017-03-30)

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Using panel data gathered from 16 regions of the Philippines for the period 2009-11, this paper investigates the relationship between tourism and crime. The findings of the study show that the relation between tourism and crime may largely depend on the characteristics of visitors and the types of crime. For all types of crime and their aggregate, no significant correlation between the crime rate (defined as the number of crime cases divided by population) and total tourist arrivals is found. However, a statistically significant positive relation is found between foreign tourism and robbery and theft cases as well as between overseas Filipino tourism and robbery. On the other hand, domestic tourism is not significantly correlated with any of the four types of crimes. These results, together with a strong evidence of the negative relationship between crime and the crime clearance efficiency, present much opportunity for policy intervention in order to minimize the crime externality of the country's tourism-led development strategy.

著者

Hilman Latief

出版者

Center for Southeast Asian Studies, Kyoto University

雑誌

Southeast Asian Studies (ISSN:21867275)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.5, no.2, pp.269-286, 2016 (Released:2016-08-25)

参考文献数

41

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The spawning of Muslim philanthropic associations signifies an increasingly visible Islamic social and political activism, in Indonesia as elsewhere in the Muslim world. Acting as non-state welfare providers, the associations provide “social security” to poor and disadvantaged groups as a means of promoting the public good. In the intricate relationship between state and citizen in the world’s largest Muslim country, Muslim philanthropic ideals of promoting the well-being of the community (ummah) are in turn contested. Will they lead to a more democratic citizenship or to new types of clientelistic relations within a plural society? This research deals with the following questions: To what extent are welfare issues perceived by Muslim philanthropic organizations as shaping a new debate over “citizenship”? Can the Islamic concept of ummah be reconciled with modern ideas of citizenship?

著者

Anthony Milner

出版者

Center for Southeast Asian Studies, Kyoto University

雑誌

Southeast Asian Studies (ISSN:21867275)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1, no.2, pp.3-212, 2012-08-31 (Released:2017-03-30)

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Malaysia, it has been observed, is currently experiencing a "revival" of "Malaykingship" with the growing importance of "proactive and participating constitutionalrulers." In fact, modern Malaysia has since independence been characterized by monarchy—by a multiplicity of Rulers and elaborate royal ceremony and hierarchy—as well as by its "plural society." But the modern monarchs—though they havenever become quite "constitutional Rulers"—cannot be seen as merely "traditional," because the institution of monarchy was transformed in a fundamental way during the British colonial period. Monarchy continues to be an underexamined feature of the Malaysian polity, and when it is discussed there is a tendency to focus on issues of power and to neglect its sociocultural role. One pre-colonial dimension of monarchy that continues to be significant today—though in a manner less psychologically profound than before—is its identity-giving role. The principal concern of this article is to determine—through a process of hermeneutic retrieval—if this role is merely relevant to the Malay community, or does it possess more inclusive possibilities? Are the Rulers of Malaysia essentially "Malay Rulers" or has the institution a nation-building potential that has so far not been fully utilized? The question is important for a country that many see as becoming increasingly divided.

著者

新井 健一郎

出版者

Center for Southeast Asian Studies, Kyoto University

雑誌

Southeast Asian Studies (ISSN:21867275)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.4, no.3, pp.445-486, 2015-12-31 (Released:2017-03-30)

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This paper is an attempt to explore the features of Indonesia's post-New Order regime in terms of the reorganization of the spatial, economic, and socio-political order in the Jabodetabek region. Although buoyant property investments in the last seven to eight years significantly changed the skyline of the metropolis, this paper reveals that the basic pattern did not alter after the regime change, with major developers taking control of vast areas of suburban land and creating an oligopolistic order. This paper argues that this continuity was due greatly to the developers' ability to organize and protect their collective interests through business associations and strong ties with political parties and the administration. The paper concludes that the emerging new regime comprises privatized urban governance in satellite cities, a dual government arrangement, and widening socio-spatial cleavages. So far, the tension inherent in this arrangement has been contained by measures such as the privatization of security and the political mobilization of Islam.

著者

Ying-kit Chan

出版者

Center for Southeast Asian Studies, Kyoto University

雑誌

Southeast Asian Studies (ISSN:21867275)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.5, no.2, pp.305-329, 2016 (Released:2016-08-25)

参考文献数

124

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Since Singapore’s independence in 1965, the People’s Action Party government has launched an extensive urban planning program to transform the island into a modern metropolis. This paper discusses human-animal relations and the management of stray cats in postcolonial Singapore. In exploring the perceptions and handling of stray cats in Singapore, I argue that stray cats became an urban “problem” as a result of the government’s public-health regime, urban renewal projects, and attempts to fashion itself and Singapore for international tastes, and that cat activists are the main agents of rebuilding connections between animals and everyday urban life. In particular, I analyze how cat-welfare associations and individual citizens assume functions that the government has been loath to perform unless absolutely necessary.

著者

Feener R. Michael

出版者

Center for Southeast Asian Studies, Kyoto University

雑誌

Southeast Asian Studies (ISSN:21867275)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.4, no.2, pp.259-277, 2015-08

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This paper provides an in-depth exploration of a previously under-utilized Arabic source for the history of Islam in Southeast Asia. This text, Al-Nafas al-Yamani was compiled in the Yemen by Abd al-Rahman b. Sulayman al-Ahdal (d. 1250 H./1835 C.E.), and includes a biographical sketch of the Sumatran scholar Abd al- Samad b. Abd al-Rahman al-Jawi al-Palimbani. Through a close, annotated reading of that text this article develops new insights into the configuration of people and ideas populating specific nodes of trans-regional networks in Sumatra and Arabia in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. At the same time, it also brings to light important dimensions of Sufi belief and ritual practice during this important transitional period of Islamic history in Southeast Asia. This material is then further explored through a discussion of some ways in which documents of this type might be approached by historians working on the intellectual and cultural history of early modern Southeast Asia more broadly.

著者

KUSNO Abidin

出版者

Center for Southeast Asian Studies, Kyoto University

雑誌

Southeast Asian Studies (ISSN:21867275)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2, no.3, pp.602-605, 2013-12