著者

山下 正文 橋本 隆寿 平川 俊彦 福島 武雄 朝長 正道 原 泰寛 河野 彬 田中 睦子

出版者

The Japan Neurosurgical Society

雑誌

Neurologia medico-chirurgica (ISSN:04708105)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.25, no.8, pp.613-619, 1985-08-15 (Released:2006-09-21)

参考文献数

17

被引用文献数

1 2

---

To evaluate the usefulness of 5'-deoxy-5-fluorouridine (5'-DFUR) therapy for brain tumor, the pharmacokinetics of 5'-DFUR and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in the tumor, in the white matter surrounding the tumor and in the serum were investigated, and the thymidine phosphorylase, the main activating enzyme of 5'-DFUR in human tissues, was also studied. Materials were obtained from 24 cases of primary brain tumors and from 4 cases of metastatic carcinoma. During the operation 500 or 1, 000 mg of 5'-DFUR was administrated intravenously, and blood, tumor tissue and white matter were taken mainly within 60 minutes and partly within 180 minutes after intravenous administration of 5'-DFUR. In some cases samplings were performed serially. Concentrations of 5'-DFUR and 5-FU were measured by high performance liquid chromatography, and thymidine phosphorylase activity in tissue extracts was obtained against d-thymidine and/or 5'-DFUR as substrates. The concentrations of 5'-DFUR and 5-FU in serum decreased immediately in an exponential mode after intravenous administration of 1, 000 or 500 mg of 5'-DFUR. High concentrations of 5'-DFUR and 5-FU in the tumor tissues were noticed in malignant tumors, such as glioblastoma, ependymoma and chondrosarcoma, and 5-FU concentrations in the tumor in two cases of glioblastoma and one of ependymoma were higher than that in their sera. An important characteristic of 5'-DFUR was that it was converted to 5-FU in various tissues predominantly in malignant neoplasms. Thymidine phosphorylase activity was more prominent in glioblastoma, metastatic carcinoma and chordoma. Although the 5'-DFUR concentration in white matter was considerable, the 5-FU concentration was negligible suggesting low enzyme activity. An effect of 5'-DFUR therapy on malignant brain tumor should be expected from the high concentration of 5' DFUR and 5-FU in the tumor tissue. However, these high concentrations rapidly decreased, therefore, the appropriate mode of prescription of 5'-DFUR should be considered in clinical practice.

著者

高山 秀一 戸谷 重雄 河瀬 斌 飯坂 陽一 村上 秀樹

出版者

The Japan Neurosurgical Society

雑誌

Neurologia medico-chirurgica (ISSN:04708105)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.2, pp.78-82, 1987 (Released:2006-09-21)

参考文献数

19

---

The effect of stable xenon on the regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) was studied in 12 adult cats. Xenon in concentrations 17%, 33%, 50%, and 60% was mixed with oxygen, and inhaled by a semi-closed rebreathing system. Cortical rCBF was continuously measured by a heat clearance probe which had been calibrated using the hydrogen clearance method. Cortical rCBF decreased to 96%, 92%, 88%, and 88% of the control after inhalation of 17%, 33%, 50%, and 60% xenon, respectively, and these decreases in rCBFs were statistically significant (p<0.01, Student's paired t-test) under the high concentrations of xenon of 33% or more. No significant changes were seen in arterial carbon dioxide tension and the mean arterial blood pressure during xenon inhalation, whereas diffuse electroencephalographic slowing was observed during 50% xenon inhalation. The mechanism of the decrease of rCBF by xenon gas remains to be solved. The direct effect of xenon on rCBF should be considered when high concentrations of xenon are used for stable xenon-enhanced computed tomography.

著者

Committee for Guidelines for Management of Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Japanese Society on Surgery for Cerebral Stroke

出版者

The Japan Neurosurgical Society

雑誌

Neurologia medico-chirurgica (ISSN:04708105)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.52, no.6, pp.355-429, 2012 (Released:2012-06-25)

参考文献数

336

被引用文献数

18 30

著者

Mikinobu TAKEUCHI Naoya KUWAYAMA Michiya KUBO Kimiko UMEMURA Yutaka HIRASHIMA Shunro ENDO

出版者

The Japan Neurosurgical Society

雑誌

Neurologia medico-chirurgica (ISSN:04708105)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, no.9, pp.470-471, 2005 (Released:2005-09-26)

参考文献数

6

被引用文献数

7 10

---

A 68-year-old man presented with occlusion of the internal carotid artery (ICA) manifesting as a 6-month history of progressive sensory and motor disturbance of the left lower limb. Angiography clearly demonstrated a collateral arterial network between the ICA and external carotid artery (ECA) through the vidian artery, a small branch of both the ICA and ECA. The vidian artery may form an unusual but important ECA-ICA collateral pathway in patients with occlusive lesion of the ICA.

著者

Shinya MANAKA Buichi ISHIJIMA Yoshiaki MAYANAGI

出版者

The Japan Neurosurgical Society

雑誌

Neurologia medico-chirurgica (ISSN:04708105)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.43, no.12, pp.589-600, 2003 (Released:2005-03-23)

参考文献数

85

被引用文献数

36 73

---

The risk of epileptic seizures after craniotomy is extremely important but the incidence of postoperative epilepsy varies greatly, depending on the patient's conditions such as primary diseases, severity of surgical insult, and pre-existing epilepsy. Animal studies suggest that neurosurgical insults lead to seizures by two different mechanisms: One mechanism is mediated by free radical generation and the other by impaired ion balance across the cell membrane caused by ischemia or hypoxia. Conventional antiepileptic agents such as phenytoin, phenobarbital, carbamazepine, and valproic acid are promising for the prevention of early seizures, but the effect in preventing postoperative epilepsy is still controversial. Studies on the prophylactic effect of newer antiepileptic agents in craniotomized patients were very limited. Zonisamide, an antiepileptic agent with antiepileptogenic, free radical scavenging and neuroprotective actions in experimental animals, showed promising effects against postoperative epilepsy in a randomized double blind controlled trial. Prophylactic treatment for craniotomized patients significantly prevented the development of partial seizures during the follow-up period. Most recent studies have not supported the prophylactic use of antiepileptic agents in craniotomized patients, but further studies are required.