著者

奥村 智憲 谷 晃 小杉 緑子 高梨 聡 深山 貴文 小南 裕志 東野 達

出版者

The Society of Eco-Engineering

雑誌

Eco-engineering = 生態工学 (ISSN:13470485)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, no.2, pp.89-95, 2008-04-30

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Biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) emitted by plants play an important role in the atmospheric chemistry of the troposphere. We conducted f ield measurements of monoterpene emissions from leaves of <I>Chamaecyparis obtusa</I>, which is one of the major tree species in Japan. Diurnal and seasonal variations of monoterpene emissions from <I>C. obtusa</I> were measured at the Kiryu Experimental Watershed (KEW) at 34°58′ N, 135°59′ E in Shiga Prefecture, central Japan. In August and October 2006 and in January and April 2007, the monoterpene emission rate (<I>E</I>), together with the leaf temperature, was measured using branch enclosure methods for a branch of two trees. The obtained data sets revealed that <I>E</I> highly correlated with leaf temperature throughout the seasons. The basal emission rate (<I>E<SUB>S</SUB></I>) under the standard conditions of 30°C, calculated using a widely used emission algorithm, ranged from 0.088 and 4.126 μg g<SUP>-1</SUP> h<SUP>-1</SUP>. The estimated <I>E</I> values were consistent with the measured <I>E</I> values within a root-mean-square (RMS) error of 0.005-0.525 μg g<SUP>-1</SUP> h<SUP>-1</SUP>, suggesting that the emission model can be used to determine the monoterpene emission responses of <I>C. obtusa</I> to temperature. However, the <I>E<SUB>S</SUB></I> values were significantly different between the trees and also different between seasons, indicating that a representative <I>E<SUB>S</SUB></I> value must be obtained from more data sets using more branches and trees.

著者

Suzuka Yamagishi Koji Nakagawa Kazutomo Baba Hiroaki Kawamoto Yoshiyuki Sankai Naomichi Fujiuchi Hiroshi Ezura Naoya Fukuda

出版者

The Society of Eco-Engineering

雑誌

Eco-Engineering (ISSN:13470485)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.33, no.3, pp.79-85, 2021-07-31 (Released:2021-07-31)

参考文献数

29

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Near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy has been used to predict fruit quality. However, thereʼs few previous studies which use small and lightweight devices and they didnʼt construct models for each cultivar although each tomato cultivar has its own characteristics such as color and size. In this study, models to nondestructively determine fruit quality of tomato cultivars A (orange-colored cherry tomato), B (red-colored cherry tomato), C (red-colored cocktail tomato), and D (orange-colored cocktail tomato) were constructed using an inexpensive, portable near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopic device (spectral response range: 590-1,050 nm). We irradiated the tomato fruits and analyzed the spectra of the scattered light. The spectral data were preprocessed using four different methods (min-max normalization, 1st differential, 2nd differential and combination of normalization and 1st differential). The soluble solid content (SSC) and citric acid content (CAC) of the fruits were determined by destructive methods. Partial least-squares regression was used to construct models for predicting the SSC and CAC from the preprocessed spectra. The best preprocessing method differed by cultivar. For the best and worst models of SCC, the R2 values were 0.80 and -0.1, respectively. Model performance may differ according to the color of the pericarp. Also, selection of an appropriate preprocessing method is important when using small spectroscopic devices to measure tomato fruit quality.

著者

Viet Han Duc 堀田 健治 岡本 強一

出版者

The Society of Eco-Engineering

雑誌

Eco-Engineering (ISSN:13470485)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, no.1, pp.45-52, 2004

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Mekong Delta is a big rice production area and an important place in the socio-economic development of Vietnam. Especially, Dong Thap Muoi (DTM) shares large production area in Mekong delta. Although the floods happen every year, the people still live there. At present, in order to reduce flood damage, the Government proposes projects to build Flood Safety Zones (FSZ) in this area and in fact, some of them have already been constructed. However, there are many people who do not wish to relocate to these zones.<br>In order to define the above, a questionnaire survey on resident migration during floods, resident's attitudes about moving to FSZ was conducted. The survey indicated that the most of all households need to find a place to evacuate. The "main road" and "peoples' house" are the most common responses to the location of evacuation. It was found that 1 km to 5 km appear to be the maximum desirable distance to the field. Every year, resident spends over 1/5 of annual income for house repair. Environmental problems caused by water, such as skin disease, sanitary, drinking water supply during flood were also revieled.<br>Finally, based on the obtained results, points of consideration to the planning of FSZ were discussed.