著者

沢谷 豊

出版者

慶應義塾大学

雑誌

哲學 (ISSN:05632099)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.78, pp.223-246, 1984

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序文I. 「合理的官僚制」への批判 i. 「合理的官僚制」と経験的事実 ii. 組織と社会 : 文化、政治システム iii. 「合理的官僚制」の「内的矛盾」 iv. 批判に関する問題提起II. 問題の検討と提案 i. 二つの「説明」の方法と組織理論 ii. 「官僚制」と規範的志向性 iii. 「内的矛盾」の解釈III. 「合理的官僚制」の「合理性」 i. 支配の正当性の妥当の「合理性」 ii. 「形式合理性」と「実質合理性」 iii. 「形式合理性」と組織の「能率」IV. 終章 : 組織の政治的アプローチへ'Rationality' of 'Weber's rational bureaucracy means that men apply criteria of rationality to their action, irrespective of its relation to organizational objectives. But many theorists of organizations take it as 'effectiveness' or 'efficiency'. Consequently, they have missed that rational bureaucracy is "a model of bureaucracy which permits conflict". Tte conflict would occur between two distinct types of authority : (a) authority which rests on "incumbency of a legally defined office" and (b) authority which is based on "technical competence". And Weber's rational bureaucracy is conceptualized on these two types of authority. Weber made two separate statements about the specific nature of the rationality of bureaucracy : " Bureaucratic administration signifies ,authority on the basis of knowledge. This is its specifidally rational character" ; and "Bureaucratic authority is specifically rational in the sense of being bound to discursively analysable rules"., Althouth it has been suggested that Weber assume the absense of any conflict or tension in rational bureaucracy, the problems which concerned Weber were the contradiction between formal and material rationality in modern society, which is a possible conflict between the growth of formal rules and the application of scientific knowledge in the current organizations. And the problems of the conflict would lead to political analyses of organizations.