著者

上野 善子

出版者

奈良女子大学

雑誌

人間文化研究科年報 (ISSN:09132201)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, pp.89-106, 2013-03-31

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Since the child abuse and neglect case judgment in late 1880s, in the United States hasrapidly promoted child protection activity mainly in an urban area. Initially, social recognitionof child abuse and neglect was seen as an often-unwarranted behavior on the intimate sphereof the family. However, after the 1990s, child welfare became the target of social security. In the mid 1990s, visualization technology of the physical abuse became possible dueto the progress of medical science and skills, thus accelerating the movement to prevent childabuse and neglect, which by then had been carefully defined abuse. The issue of child abuseand neglect, in which children are targeted for protection, had been recognized as requiringsimultaneous support for parents and as a family problem.Although the recognition of abuse had been inconsistent among the states, it wasgiven a consistent federal definition by CAPTA in 1974. Along with the federal definition ofabuse, came the improved ability of child protective services to intervene in dysfunctionalfamily as specialists in social welfare with an official position and procedure in the matter.Nevertheless, since the 1990s, when the United States had to deal with financialproblems and the deterioration of security caused by domestic and global poverty following theeconomic crisis, CAPTA was also repeatedly adjusted and modified against the changing social background.