著者

高畑 常信

出版者

徳島文理大学

雑誌

徳島文理大学研究紀要 (ISSN:02869829)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.87, pp.(1)-(33), 2014-03

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Gui (鬼) and Shen (神) are the ancestral soul and God of a mountain or a river. Guai (怪), Li (力), Luan (乱), Shen (神) are God of what uses a supernatural creature and the violence that is not right, the thing which revolts against order, and mountain and river. Kongzi (孔子) prayed to these deities. Then, he taught people to obtain happiness and profits by own efforts, without asking for happiness or profits. However, many people think that they would like to obtain happiness simply, without having a longing to the thing with "the mystical supernatural power" which man cannot know, and making a painful effort. Although Kongzi (孔子) taught the ideal in opposition to many people following the social custom, many people must have followed the social custom rather than Kongzi's ideal. According to the research which academic predecessors have investigated, a monument which has been carved and stands has three characters of a "Shigandang" (石敢當), or five characters of a "Taishanshigandang"(泰山石敢當) on a rectangular slate, and generally pays homage to an evil spirit. Although it started in China, in Japan, there are many in Okinawa (沖縄) (islands of the circumferences, such as AmamiOshima (奄美大島) and Tokunoshima (徳之島), is included), Kagoshima (鹿児島), Miyazaki (宮崎), and then Akita (秋田). About the districts in Okinawa with many Shigandang, I investigated these places and made what was displayed on the map. In a few areas, the name of a place with a Shigandang can be seen. However, this thesis changes a viewpoint taken by many so far and examines the historical progress of the Shigandang from the past to present.