著者

戸川 貴行

出版者

東洋文庫

雑誌

東洋学報 = The Toyo Gakuho (ISSN:03869067)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.96, no.3, pp.1-26, 2014-12

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The research to date on Shishuo Xinyu 世説新語 compiled by Yiqing, Prince of Linchuan, has relied on the interpretation that it was a work extolling the reign of Liu-Song (Southern Song) Dynasty Emperor Wen (407-553) as the last great achievement of the Han aristocracy and decrying the present decay of the aristocracy through comparisons with the golden ages of the past.On the other hand, a question should be raised as to why all the sequels of Shishuo Xlnyu ending in Liao Dynasty Emperor Yuan's Jinlouzi 金楼子, compiled by members of generations from whom even the last flourish lay far into the past and thus had no personal experience of what a golden age was really like.In an attempt to reply to such an inquiry, the author of this article points to the necessity of focusing on the historical background of the Sahishuo Xlnyu genre and offers the hypothesis that the compilation of the original work was deeply affected by cultural changes caused by the indigenization of non-Han people fleeing from the northeast (qiaomin 僑民), which also influenced the tone of all its sequels.In more concrete terms, the article begins with the comment that there is no research to date that seriously engages the question of why Shishuo Xinyu contains both positive and negative evaluations of the qingtan 清談 style of intellectual discourse.Secondly, since the main political objective of the Eastern Jin Dynasty's Jiangnan Regime was the recovery of the Chinese heartland, the decision was made that cultural policy, beginning with state protocol and also including qingtan institutions, should not be given priority.Next, the term shenzhou 神州, which indicated the center of the universe, and during the early Eastern Jin Period was geographically identified with the Chinese heartland, gradually moved to the Yangzhou region centered upon Jiankang 建康, which had become prosperous due in part to the successful indigenization of foreign refugees.This change in universal nucleus required cultural adjustments that brought about such phenomenon as the revival in popularity of qingfan as far as the Liao through reforms in state protocol implemented during the reign of Emperor Wen. Therefore the writing of Shishuo Xinyu reflects the decision to abandon recovery in the Chinese heartland and a period of cultural transformation made possible by that decision.Finally, in the background to the parts of Shishuo Xinyu critical of qingtan from the standpoint of Chinese heartland's recovery and those not critical, lurks the two views concerning where the center of the universe actually lies.