著者

李 百浩 Li Baihao 松本 康隆 Matsumoto Yasutaka

出版者

神奈川大学日本常民文化研究所 非文字資料研究センター

雑誌

非文字資料研究 = The study of nonwritten cultural materials (ISSN:24325481)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.13, pp.63-80, 2016-09-30

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This paper will outline the history of the former Nanjing Shrine―parts of whose hallof worship and shrine office still remain―from the perspective of the architectural history of Nanjing City, and discuss reasons why parts of the shrine have been preserved. Before the shrine was erected, Mount Wutai, or Qingliang Shan, was an educational district where construction of a stadium and a conference hall was planned. In 1939, after Japan occupied the region, it was decided that a shrine be built in the area. Land was acquired for this purpose in 1941, and construction started in 1942, followed by a ceremony to summon the spirit of a deity called Chinza-sai in November 1943. The construction was completed in 1944. Gokoku Shrine was built next to Nanjing Shrine around the same time. After Japan's surrender, Nanjing Shrine was turned into a memorial hall for heroes of national resistance, and Gokoku Shrine became a pillage exhibition center. The Mount Wutai area came to serve its original function as an educational district ; consequently, the plan to build a stadiumwas revisited, leading to its construction after the People's Republic of China was founded. The former Nanjing Shrine came under the management of the Sport Bureau of Jiangsu Province, causing it to be used as a facility for table tennis, the bureau's senior activities and meetings. Later, the shrine faced the danger of possible demolition due to the need to collect cypress bark for paper production in 1958 and housing construction in 1985. Nevertheless, university professors called for its preservation. It is unknown until when its inner shrine remained intact and when Gokoku Shrine was torn down. Of all of Nanjing Shrine's structures, only its hall of worship and office remain. Four reasons why they have not been destroyed are in chronological order as follows : they are of high quality in terms of structure and space ; the inner shrine started to be used as a war memorial hall because shrines and such memorial halls both enshrine holy spirits ; the shrine lost its original function upon the foundation of People's Republic of China but maintained its value as a usable structure ; and a plan in 1985 to tear down the shrine arose from a decrease in the value of onestory structures in response to accelerated urban congestion after China's reform and opening up. Conversely, the shrine started to be viewed as a historical heritage.論文