著者

ウンサーシュッツ ジャンカーラ

出版者

立正大学心理学研究所

雑誌

立正大学心理学研究所紀要 The journal of the Institute of Psycology, Rissho University (ISSN:24322059)

巻号頁・発行日

no.14, pp.89-99, 2016

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It has been widely reported that Japanese naming practices are changing dramatically. Thesechanges are especially important in regards to names and gender. Because one of the most prominentdifferences is the decline of the use of name-exclusive suffixes, which usually express their owner'sgender, their decline suggests that there may be changes in how gender is expressed in names. Thisarticle observed how the characteristics of men's and women's names have changed through usingdata from an approximately 100 year period from Meiji Yasuda Life Insurance. As a result, it was discoveredthat at the beginning of the 20th century, men's names were more diverse than women's, butwomen's names are now similarly or more diverse. In addition, previously popular -ko and -mi suffixesfor women are now essentially out of use, and men's suffixes have all changed. Finally, there were nonames that ranked in the top-10 for any year for both men and women, and the pool of kanji commonbetween men's and women's names was small. From these results, it can be argued that instead ofsuffixes, the use of the kanji themselves can help differentiate the gender of any given name.

著者

ウンサーシュッツ ジャンカーラ

出版者

立正大学心理学研究所

雑誌

立正大学心理学研究所紀要 The journal of the Institute of Psycology, Rissho University (ISSN:24322059)

巻号頁・発行日

no.15, pp.67-78, 2017

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Japanese naming practices have been changing dramatically in recent years, with many orthodoxname-exclusive suffixes and other characteristics going into disuse. Instead, new names are characterizedby their unusual usages of kanji. These new types of names have been widely taken up and problematizedin the media, but it has not yet been confirmed whether these are nation-wide trends. Inthis article, I consider how naming practices have changed by using data from newsletters from 12municipalities from the major regions of Japan for a total of 1,573 names were obtained. Analysisshowed that names which used kanji in non-transparent, hard to use ways were common acrossJapan, coming to approximately 50% of all names. There were no major differences between themunicipalities in this respect, and regional differences in their distribution were largely insignificant.One reason for this may be changes in interpersonal relationships affecting who is involved in thenaming process, but changes in the information available when choosing names are also important.The development of numerous internet sources about popular baby names and ranking may also haveallowed people to become more sensitive to changes in trends, encouraging them to select nameslargely in comparison with others in mind. 近年においては、名付け習慣が大きく変化しており、名前特有の接尾辞や従来の構造的特徴が少なくなってきている。一方、読みを工夫した漢字用法を用いた名前は増えている。名付けのこういった変化は問題視されており、メディアで幅広く取り上げられている。だが、全国的に見られる傾向なのかは未確認である。本研究では、12か所の市町村の広報誌をデータとして用い、近年の名付け習慣における変化を確認した。漢字の用法により抽出された1,573個の名前は「不透明群」と「透明群」に分類された。分析の結果、読み方が不透明で読みにくいと推測される名前が全名前の50%以上を占めており、全国的に頻繁に見られることが確認できた。また、市町村による差ほとんど見られず、読みにくい名前の分布には地域差が認められなかった。地域差が見られなかった理由として、人間関係における変化の他に、名付けの際に活用できる情報における変化が挙げられる。ことにインターネットを通したランキング情報の普及により、人々が名付けにおける流行に対して敏感になっており、名付けの際に他者との比較の中で名前を選択することが一般化しているであろう。

著者

ウンサーシュッツ ジャンカーラ

雑誌

立正大学心理学研究所紀要

巻号頁・発行日

no.14, pp.89-99, 2016-03-31

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It has been widely reported that Japanese naming practices are changing dramatically. Thesechanges are especially important in regards to names and gender. Because one of the most prominentdifferences is the decline of the use of name-exclusive suffixes, which usually express their owner’sgender, their decline suggests that there may be changes in how gender is expressed in names. Thisarticle observed how the characteristics of men’s and women’s names have changed through usingdata from an approximately 100 year period from Meiji Yasuda Life Insurance. As a result, it was discoveredthat at the beginning of the 20th century, men’s names were more diverse than women’s, butwomen’s names are now similarly or more diverse. In addition, previously popular -ko and -mi suffixesfor women are now essentially out of use, and men’s suffixes have all changed. Finally, there were nonames that ranked in the top-10 for any year for both men and women, and the pool of kanji commonbetween men’s and women’s names was small. From these results, it can be argued that instead ofsuffixes, the use of the kanji themselves can help differentiate the gender of any given name.

著者

ウンサーシュッツ ジャンカーラ

出版者

立正大学心理学研究所

雑誌

立正大学心理学研究所紀要 = The Journal of the Institute of Psychology Rissho University (ISSN:13482777)

巻号頁・発行日

no.18, pp.13-21, 2020-03-31

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The East Japan Railway Company’s December 2018 announcement of the new station nameTakanawa Gateway on the Yamanote line was met with much criticism in the popular press. Althoughinitial criticism focused on the fact that results from a popular vote were not honored, many articlesconcentrated on the name’s characteristics, despite the fact that similarly named new stations—suchas Toranomon Hills, which also featured a mix of loan words( geetowei‘ gateway’, hiruzu‘ hills’) andhistorical place names( Takanawa, Toranomon)—were largely accepted. To examine why TakanawaGateway was especially targeted, this article conducted a close discourse analysis of 33 articles publishedfrom December 2018 to August 2019 in three major newspapers, which revealed three centralthemes: aichaku ‘affection’, loan words, and historical connections. Affection was given by both ordinarycitizens and company representatives as a core evaluative factor, but for ordinary citizens, theuse of loan words emphasized Takanawa Gateway’s international—rather than local—identity; this,combined with the lack of semantic transparency of geetowei—despite East Japan’s historical motivationsbehind the choice—appears to have contributed to a sense of alienation amongst the generalpublic. These results suggest that consideration not just of the image companies wish to produce butalso of the relationships they wish to form with local communities should also be factored into selectingnames for public spaces.

著者

ウンサーシュッツ ジャンカーラ

出版者

立正大学心理学研究所

雑誌

立正大学心理学研究所紀要 The journal of the Institute of Psycology, Rissho University (ISSN:13482777)

巻号頁・発行日

no.13, pp.35-48, 2015

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Recently, Japanese names given to children are said to be undergoing dramatic change, particularlyin the ways that they use kanji, making them difficult to read. Criticism of such names—often calledDQN neemu ('stupid/ill-educated names') or kirakira neemu ('glittery names')—has been generallynegative, focusing on a perceived ignorance of parents for using kanji' inappropriately' and their lackof consideration for those who must read them. However, by looking at how such names are talkedabout in the media and their emergence as a phenomenon, I show that such criticism may not beentirely fair, particularly in that it has primarily been made not by parents or children involved in thegiving of such names, but by third parties lacking a full vision of the naming process. In addition, criticismof new names has generally lacked appropriate consideration of history and processes of change,in the sense that it tends to be based on faulty considerations of( 1) previous naming practices and(2) how such changes will affect the name-landscapes, so to speak, of the future. Instead, I suggestthat new names may be seen as part of the larger discourse on youth problems, thus locating thesense of crisis often expressed within their criticism within a larger framework of socialization andsocial change.

著者

ウンサーシュッツ ジャンカーラ

出版者

立正大学心理学部 ; 2014-

雑誌

立正大学心理学研究年報 The journal of psychology Rissho University

巻号頁・発行日

no.7, pp.41-53, 2016

著者

ウンサーシュッツ ジャンカーラ

出版者

立正大学心理学部

雑誌

立正大学心理学研究年報 The journal of psychology Rissho University (ISSN:21851069)

巻号頁・発行日

no.7, pp.41-53, 2016

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Using a corpus of ten manga series, this article analyzes the impact and meaning of the ratio of male to female characterson the popular shōjo-manga and shōnen-manga genres. The data shows that shōnen-manga series tended to be unbalanacedin their ratio of gendered characters, with female characters accounting for less than 20% of spoken lines onaverage. In comparison, while the number of characters overall was also lower, the ratio of gendered characters was relativelybalanced in shōjo-manga, with female characters accounting for an average of 55% of text. From these results, onecan predict that there will be a higher percentage of yakuwari-go (Kinsui, 2003), or stereotyped speech patterns inshōnen-manga, which is supported by the data on characters' speech patterns. The higher-use of yakuwari-go not only begsthe question of how shōnen-manga might influence readers, and has an important impact on the stories themselves. In particular,using specific examples from the text, I show that yakuwari-go play an important part of creating humor in thetext.