著者
有賀 敦紀 西田 公昭
出版者
立正大学心理学研究所
雑誌
立正大学心理学研究所紀要 The journal of the Institute of Psycology, Rissho University (ISSN:13482777)
巻号頁・発行日
no.11, pp.45-49, 2013

Visually similar products with each other are recently pervasive in the marketplace. Specifically, the products that are aimed at humorously imitating the originals are called "parody products". This study examined how consumers perceive the similar products including parody products. Research I investigated participants' general impressions (visual similarity, likeability, familiarity, and so on)of the similar products, and then found a positive correlation between the visual similarity and the difference in the ratings given to the other impressions between them. In Research II, the effects of prior stimuli on likeability to the original and parody products were investigated. Then, the different modulations of likeability between the original and parody were demonstrated when the original product was repeatedly presented as prior stimuli. These results suggest that consumers establish different representations for visually similar products, and importantly that they perceive the parody and its original in a totally different manner.
著者
ウンサーシュッツ ジャンカーラ
出版者
立正大学心理学研究所
雑誌
立正大学心理学研究所紀要 The journal of the Institute of Psycology, Rissho University (ISSN:24322059)
巻号頁・発行日
no.14, pp.89-99, 2016

It has been widely reported that Japanese naming practices are changing dramatically. Thesechanges are especially important in regards to names and gender. Because one of the most prominentdifferences is the decline of the use of name-exclusive suffixes, which usually express their owner'sgender, their decline suggests that there may be changes in how gender is expressed in names. Thisarticle observed how the characteristics of men's and women's names have changed through usingdata from an approximately 100 year period from Meiji Yasuda Life Insurance. As a result, it was discoveredthat at the beginning of the 20th century, men's names were more diverse than women's, butwomen's names are now similarly or more diverse. In addition, previously popular -ko and -mi suffixesfor women are now essentially out of use, and men's suffixes have all changed. Finally, there were nonames that ranked in the top-10 for any year for both men and women, and the pool of kanji commonbetween men's and women's names was small. From these results, it can be argued that instead ofsuffixes, the use of the kanji themselves can help differentiate the gender of any given name.
著者
ウンサーシュッツ ジャンカーラ
出版者
立正大学心理学研究所
雑誌
立正大学心理学研究所紀要 The journal of the Institute of Psycology, Rissho University (ISSN:24322059)
巻号頁・発行日
no.15, pp.67-78, 2017

Japanese naming practices have been changing dramatically in recent years, with many orthodoxname-exclusive suffixes and other characteristics going into disuse. Instead, new names are characterizedby their unusual usages of kanji. These new types of names have been widely taken up and problematizedin the media, but it has not yet been confirmed whether these are nation-wide trends. Inthis article, I consider how naming practices have changed by using data from newsletters from 12municipalities from the major regions of Japan for a total of 1,573 names were obtained. Analysisshowed that names which used kanji in non-transparent, hard to use ways were common acrossJapan, coming to approximately 50% of all names. There were no major differences between themunicipalities in this respect, and regional differences in their distribution were largely insignificant.One reason for this may be changes in interpersonal relationships affecting who is involved in thenaming process, but changes in the information available when choosing names are also important.The development of numerous internet sources about popular baby names and ranking may also haveallowed people to become more sensitive to changes in trends, encouraging them to select nameslargely in comparison with others in mind. 近年においては、名付け習慣が大きく変化しており、名前特有の接尾辞や従来の構造的特徴が少なくなってきている。一方、読みを工夫した漢字用法を用いた名前は増えている。名付けのこういった変化は問題視されており、メディアで幅広く取り上げられている。だが、全国的に見られる傾向なのかは未確認である。本研究では、12か所の市町村の広報誌をデータとして用い、近年の名付け習慣における変化を確認した。漢字の用法により抽出された1,573個の名前は「不透明群」と「透明群」に分類された。分析の結果、読み方が不透明で読みにくいと推測される名前が全名前の50%以上を占めており、全国的に頻繁に見られることが確認できた。また、市町村による差ほとんど見られず、読みにくい名前の分布には地域差が認められなかった。地域差が見られなかった理由として、人間関係における変化の他に、名付けの際に活用できる情報における変化が挙げられる。ことにインターネットを通したランキング情報の普及により、人々が名付けにおける流行に対して敏感になっており、名付けの際に他者との比較の中で名前を選択することが一般化しているであろう。
著者
川名 好裕
出版者
立正大学心理学研究所
雑誌
立正大学心理学研究所紀要 The journal of the Institute of Psycology, Rissho University (ISSN:24322059)
巻号頁・発行日
no.14, pp.3-12, 2016

愛情関係にある男女における心理的魅力の変化を分析研究するためにインターネット調査を行った。調査参加者は、日本全国からのサンプルで968名の男性と967名の女性であった。年齢は、20歳~49歳であった。調査サンプルは、異性の相手が友人、片思い、精神的恋人、性的恋人、婚約者、配偶者の6つの交際進展段階に分類された。親密性、情熱性、性欲性、コミットメントという4つの男女を結び付ける心理的魅力について分析がなされた。これらの心理的魅力因子が性別、関係進展段階、本人の年代について比較研究がなされた。 分析の結果、以下のような知見が得られた。男性は女性より、性欲性がすべての関係段階で上回っていた。女性は、相互の愛情的関係が形成された後では、男性以上に親密性が高いことが分かった。男性は片思い段階以後のすべての段階で女性より情熱性が高いことが分かった。女性は、片思い以後、結婚以前まで情熱性は男性と同じ程度に高かった。男性は男女の関係段階の初期から性的恋人になるまで、積極的に相手の女性にアプローチすることが分かった。女性は、男女の関係段階の最後の段階の婚約、結婚段階で相手へのコミットメントが大きくなることが分かった。最後に、相互作用的要因と心理的魅力要因との関連性について今後の分析が示唆された。 Internet survey was conducted to study the changes of psychological attractions between men and women in love relationships. The survey participants were 968 males and 967 females with ages between 20~49, living in Japan. Samples were divided into 6 different stages of love relationships: friend, unrequited, platonic, love-sexual, affianced and married. The levels of psychological attractions; intimacy, passion, sexuality and commitment were investigated. To assess age and gender differences in these psychological attractions, I have compared between males and females in 20's, 30's and 40's. The results revealed that male were found to be more intensive in sexuality than females in all the stages. Females were found to be more intensive in intimacy than males after mutual loverelationships. Men tend to be more passionate in all stages especially after unrequited stage. Females are equally more passionate in love relationships before marriage. The study also suggested that men are more active in approaches in the early stages of love relationship whereas women are found to be more committed in the later stages of love relationships, especially after engagement. Finally, the association between interactions and psychological attractions were suggested.
著者
髙橋 尚也 伊藤 綾花
出版者
立正大学心理学研究所
雑誌
立正大学心理学研究所紀要 The journal of the Institute of Psycology, Rissho University (ISSN:24322059)
巻号頁・発行日
no.14, pp.39-50, 2016

大学生が利用している主要なSNS であるTwitter とLINE を利用する際の行動の構造を分析することと、それらの行動と性格特性やインターネット利用時の意識との関連を分析することを目的として、青年101名に質問紙調査が実施された。その結果、SNS 利用行動として「一般的積極利用」「自己アピール」「敏感即応」「スルースキル」「表現法配慮」の5 因子が抽出された。また、これらの行動尺度に基づき、クラスタ分析を実施した結果、3 類型が抽出された。「ヘビーコミット群」は、依存的関与・没入的関与・非日常的関与が高く、インターネットと現実とのバランスが取れておらず、情緒不安定性が高かった。「関係配慮群」は、Twitter とLINE の両方で、スルースキルと表現法配慮が高かった。「義理登録群」は他のクラスタよりほとんどの行動指標で低い値を示した。これらの知見から、SNS 利用における青年の対人関係特性が議論された。
著者
ウンサーシュッツ ジャンカーラ
出版者
立正大学心理学研究所
雑誌
立正大学心理学研究所紀要 The journal of the Institute of Psycology, Rissho University (ISSN:13482777)
巻号頁・発行日
no.13, pp.35-48, 2015

Recently, Japanese names given to children are said to be undergoing dramatic change, particularlyin the ways that they use kanji, making them difficult to read. Criticism of such names—often calledDQN neemu ('stupid/ill-educated names') or kirakira neemu ('glittery names')—has been generallynegative, focusing on a perceived ignorance of parents for using kanji' inappropriately' and their lackof consideration for those who must read them. However, by looking at how such names are talkedabout in the media and their emergence as a phenomenon, I show that such criticism may not beentirely fair, particularly in that it has primarily been made not by parents or children involved in thegiving of such names, but by third parties lacking a full vision of the naming process. In addition, criticismof new names has generally lacked appropriate consideration of history and processes of change,in the sense that it tends to be based on faulty considerations of( 1) previous naming practices and(2) how such changes will affect the name-landscapes, so to speak, of the future. Instead, I suggestthat new names may be seen as part of the larger discourse on youth problems, thus locating thesense of crisis often expressed within their criticism within a larger framework of socialization andsocial change.
著者
浪本 勝年
出版者
立正大学心理学研究所
雑誌
立正大学心理学研究所紀要 The journal of the Institute of Psycology, Rissho University (ISSN:13482777)
巻号頁・発行日
no.12, pp.17-30, 2014

In 2009 The Democratic Party of Japan( DPJ) led by HATOYAMA Yukio, leader of the party, tookoffice after the general election of The Lower House in Japan. This meant a historic change of the centralgovernment in Japan, because over these five decades The Liberal Democratic Party of Japan(LDP) had been in office. In the field of education policy DPJ changed some of the former policy. For example families withchildren under 15 became to get child allowance. The first law provided 13,000 yen a month per childuntil graduation from junior high school. The second law effectively eliminates tuition fees at publichigh schools and provides tuition aid to students attending private high schools. Concerning this policy DPJ Noda administration got cancellation of the reservation of the clause offree education policy of International Covenants on Human Rights( 1966) on 24 September 2012. Thismeant also very significant change in education policy. As a rule of thumb, however, DPJ rapidly lost the support by the people due to the bad handling ofthe government, which lead to the change of government. Thus LDP again got office in 2012. LDP Abeadministration has started to enforce the reactionary policy especially in the fields of local educationadministration and school textbook authorization system. Such policy would undoubtedly have a negativeeffect on Japanese education.
著者
有賀 敦紀
出版者
立正大学心理学研究所
雑誌
立正大学心理学研究所紀要 The journal of the Institute of Psycology, Rissho University (ISSN:13482777)
巻号頁・発行日
no.13, pp.9-13, 2015

There have been numerous attempts to measure the effects of clothing color on the impression ofan individual, however, these studies mainly focused on the implication of results by quantifying theeffects that are driven by the relative evaluation of an observer. I argue that this is not the case in ourdaily lives. When we meet a person for the first time, the color of his/her clothing affects our firstimpression based on our absolute evaluation and not on relative evaluation. From this perspective, Ihave studied the implications of clothing colors (e.g. red, blue, black and white) on the impression ofobserver during the process of his/her absolute evaluation. In the first study, interpersonal impressionof the observer was measured against a person with a given colored clothes. 7-point scale was used tomeasure the 5 interpersonal impressions. The result showed that the clothing color did not have anysignificant effect on the observer's impression. However, in the second study where 6 people with thesame color uniform appeared in front of the observer, the effect was quite evident. From this study,we can draw a conclusion that the uniform color of a group affects the impression of the observer. Inother words, impression of a group can be controlled under specific conditions.