著者

中神 由美子

出版者

JAPANESE POLITICAL SCIENCE ASSOCIATION

雑誌

年報政治学 (ISSN:05494192)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.59, no.1, pp.1_263-1_282, 2008 (Released:2012-12-28)

---

‘There is something troubling in this type of case, in that the desire for honour, command, power and glory usually exist in men of the greatest spirit and most brilliant intellectual talent. Therefore one must be all the more careful not to do wrong in this way,’ Cicero said in On Duties referring to Julius Caesar. Agreeing with him, John Locke tries to tame the dangerous aspect of ‘the desire for honour, command, power and glory,’ that is, human pride. However he sees this passion as indispensable to human freedom and therefore a free civil society, in contrast to Thomas Hobbes, who attributed the cause of the Civil War to this passion. In Some Thoughts Concerning Education, Locke outlines a free civil society on the basis of human pride. In a polite and civilized society where the ‘Law of Opinion or Reputation’ prevails, human pride can be moderated and cultivated into public spirit based on individual autonomy and freedom. For Locke, civil society is not merely a counterpart to absolute monarchy, but also a basis of human civility, that is, a civilized society.

著者

中神 由美子

出版者

東京大学

雑誌

本郷法政紀要

巻号頁・発行日

vol.3, pp.147-180, 1994-12

著者

中神 由美子

出版者

日本政治学会

雑誌

年報政治学 (ISSN:05494192)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.60, no.2, pp.2_178-2_202, 2009 (Released:2013-02-07)

---

In the history of political thought, human pride, a feeling of excellence, linked with desire of honour and reputation, has been a cornerstone for political liberty. However, since sixteenth century many thinkers have attacked pride as vanity. The contemporary studies such as Strauss’ have claimed that Hobbes’ Leviathan used the term in this bad sense. Certainly, Hobbes emphasized equality of human kind and recognized its dangerous side as ‘vain glory’ leading to the civil war. Nevertheless, in his volume, pride can be equated with generosity or self-confidence as a virtue. The passion in a true and good sense is rather the inner feeling of one's own powers based on one's actual merits. For Hobbes, it works as motivation to help to the others, or appears as courage against ‘fear’ in his covenant theory.