著者

保井 啓志

出版者

日本中東学会

雑誌

日本中東学会年報 (ISSN:09137858)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.38, no.1, pp.61-93, 2022-08-31 (Released:2023-09-10)

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This article explores the historical background of this and other related occurrences and examines how animality and animal figures have been represented in Zionism. In antisemitic Europe, Jewish people were represented as such “subhuman animals” as ugly pigs, cunning snakes or filthy vermin. Max Nordau recognized that Jews in the modern world were viewed as morally degenerate, savage animal and advocated Zionism as a means of combating, eliminating and transcending these toxic, negative, antisemitic stereotypes. During and after Sho’ah, Jewish people were compared to “sheep” cementing a motif of weakness and passive sacrifice, typified by the phrase, “Like sheep to the slaughter.” Since the creation of an Israeli state, this Jewish “passivity” during Sho’ah and the necessity of never again allowing Jewish people to be so weak and docile has become a recurring motif frequently mobilized when Zionists want to emphasize the necessity of forging a strong nation of robust Zionist subjects. In Zionism, animality is assigned such abject features as “moral degeneration,” “dependency” or “weakness,” traits having no place in Jewishness given that, Zionism is a rehabilitative discourse in which the affirmation of humanity is achieved through the negation of animality.

著者

保井 啓志

出版者

日本中東学会

雑誌

日本中東学会年報 (ISSN:09137858)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.34, no.2, pp.35-70, 2019-01-15 (Released:2020-04-01)

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This article examines how Israeli publicity for LGBT friendliness works effectively in the international arena from the perspective of gender and sexuality studies. This publicity, which is also criticized as “pinkwashing,” is to be regarded within homonationalism by Jasbir Puar. This term succinctly describes that political attempts practiced by some countries to advocate protections for the human rights of sexual minorities are related to Islamophobia. The publicity by Israeli government should be regarded not only as a result of the practical politics in which certain nations use their attitudes toward sexual minorities as a strategy for the images of their nations, but also as a result of the politics of representation. By analyzing some cases of the publicity, it is concluded that although the perspective of homonationalism describes the Israeli publicity, there is a characteristic in Israeli publicities. It is the twisted use of “liberal” in Israeli publicity, which enables to pull the image of homophobia in Islamic countries out from the readers and to posit its own country distinctive from other Islamic countries as well. This twisted use of “liberal” is one of the results of not only homonationalistic actual politics but also the representative politics.

著者

保井 啓志

出版者

日本女性学会

雑誌

女性学 (ISSN:1343697X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, pp.56-78, 2021-03-31 (Released:2022-04-01)

参考文献数

42

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This article examines how demands for the rights of sexual/gender minorities (LGBT) in Israel resonates within discourses on Zionism and Jewish national identity. In recent years, studies on the movement for LGBT rights in Israel have almost exclusively been written from the perspective of Jasbir Puar’s concept of “homonationalism.” Yet these studies have paid little attention to the relationship of local Israeli nationalism, i.e., Zionism, and its connection to homonationalism. This article analyzes the following two examples to demonstrate how right-wing discourses within the LGBT movement, whose presence in the movement has grown significantly in recent years. These are not only associated with the recent homonationalist framework but also Zionism and Jewish national identity.  The first example reveals how the pink triangle located outside the LGBT center in Tel Aviv plays an important role in a discourse seeking to emphasize the connection between homosexual persecution and Jewish victimhood during the show’s (Holocaust) and highlights efforts to reclaim the subjectivity of the Jewish nation. The second example is a placard reading, “You Have a Home,” a phrase originated by Likud Pride, the LGBT organization within Likud. This placard was often raised by members of Likud Pride as they walked in one of Israel’s Pride Marches. This slogan intersects and recalls the colonialist discourse on the establishment of a Zionist Jewish home. These examples indicate that the demand for LGBT rights was co-opted by Israel’s right-wing, as revealed by not only their homonationalist discourses relative to the war on terror, but also in the homonationalist discourses which align with the Zionist colonial discourse that seeks to: 1) rehabilitate and reform the image of the Jewish male citizenry, 2) establish Jewish heteronormative homes and 3) create a secular nation whose citizens enjoy the protection of western human rights.