著者

保坂 芳男

出版者

拓殖大学人文科学研究所

雑誌

人文・自然・人間科学研究 (ISSN:13446622)

巻号頁・発行日

no.41, pp.94-103, 2019-03

著者

保坂 芳男

出版者

拓殖大学人文科学研究所

雑誌

拓殖大学論集. 人文・自然・人間科学研究 = The journal of humanities and sciences (ISSN:13446622)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.42, pp.131-153, 2019-10-31

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I have been investigating English education in middle schools in Japan focusing on native English teachers(Hosaka, 2012, 2017).This paper focuses on Japanese and native English teachers at Kobe middle school. English education in Kobe was highly appreciated by Soseki NATSUME.There were only two principals in Kobe middle school: Kumeichi TSURUSAKI and Tasuke IKEDA before WWII. It goes without saying that they formed the foundation of education in Kobe middle school, including that of English education.Mr. Tsurusaki decided to hire a native teacher of English to improve the quality of English education not only for the purpose of entrance exam preparations but also for its practical use.Mr. Ikeda was a Christian and started a Bible study club and continued English education even during wartime(1941-1945).Many young Japanese teachers of English started to work very hard there to make Kobe middle school prestigious for high school entrance exams. Also many young native teachers of English did the same and later went on to work at many other middle schools or universities.

著者

保坂 芳男

出版者

広島大学

雑誌

広島大学大学院教育学研究科紀要. 第二部, 文化教育開発関連領域 (ISSN:13465554)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.53, pp.181-186, 2005-03-28

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The objective of this research is to clarify, in an empirical manner, what outstanding high school English teachers are like. Firstly, 167 data samples were collected from students of an average academic level high school, by using the questionnaire on a 5-point Likert scale. An exploratory factor analysis yielded six important factors. They are as follows: teachers who give good lessons to make sure students will pass entrance exams, who are knowledgeable and cultured, who give student-centered lessons, who treat students with counseling mind, who are strict on students in class, but can improve their achievement of English and who speak English fluently. Secondly, covariance structure analysis was conducted to clarify what kinds of latent variables existed and how much they influenced these six factors. The categorization of these six factors was also conducted in order to ascertain whether PM theory would fit in this research or not. The result of path analysis showed that generally these six factors should be divided into two categories: one is very similar to performance function (P Function) and the other is similar to maintenance function (M Function) as stated by Misumi (1978). Next, the comparison of path analysis was conducted between upper level and lower level students. After analyzing the data of lower level students, apparently they demand that outstanding English teachers should improve their students' proficiency in English with counseling mind, and give explicit instructions to their students. On the other hand, upper level students prefer English teachers with characteristics in performance function category.